Pricing electricity risk by interest rate methods

We address a method for pricing electricity contracts based on the valuation of the ability to produce power, which is considered as the true underlying factor for electricity derivatives. This approach shows that an evaluation of free production capacity provides a framework where a change-of-numeraire transformation converts the electricity forward market into the common settings for money market modelling. Using the toolkit of interest rate theory, we derive explicit option pricing formulas.     

Integration erneuerbarer Energien in die deutsche Stromversorgung im Zeitraum 2015�C2020 mit Ausblick auf 2025

The dena grid study II examines the integration of renewable energies into Germany??s electricity supply up to the year 2020 and gives a qualified outlook up to 2025. The study develops geographically differentiated scenarios for installed wind power capacity, on the basis of which time series of the wind power feed-in into high and extra high voltage nodes and offshore wind farms are generated. Future requirements for the transmission grid and grid extension options are analysed. Opportunities to introduce more flexibility in the power system in terms of supply and demand are examined. The study gives a conceptual perspective of the need for grid extension in inner Germany in order to fully integrate renewable energies, whilst operating power stations at optimum cost and exchanging electricity with other countries in response to market demands within the scope of the specified transmission capacities.     

Commercial policy and dynamic adjustment under monopolistic competition

We explore liberalization of trade in differentiated commodities using a model featuring monopolistic competition and capital accumulation. We identify a mechanism of ‘cumulative causation’ in investment and an associated externality leading to under-accumulation. We provide long-run analytical results for a stylized core model and offer a quantitative treatment of transitional and sectoral issues using a disaggregate computational model. The aggregate welfare gains from unilateral liberalization are about three times larger than in the competitive case with constant returns, and they exhibit a characteristic pattern of generational incidence. Small export subsidies may be self-financing.     

A framework of successful organizational practices in Western multinational companies operating in Russia

Russian organizations have undergone significant changes since the 1990s. A new generation of Russian managers has come to the fore in Russia, who are eager to learn and open to Western knowledge. In turn, Western multinationals have also learned the fundamentals of doing business in Russia. How these developments are reflected in today's operations of Western multinationals in Russia remains – albeit with a few exceptions – largely unexplored in the academic literature. To address this gap, this paper explores what are the organizational practices and how do Western multinationals utilize them when striving to succeed in today's Russia. Based on two explorative case studies and 64 personal interviews with top and line managers it identifies four organizational practices, such as management training, corporate culture management, intercultural and linguistic training, and HRM practices, and two internalization mechanisms, such as boundary spanning, and reliance on local competence. The analysis elucidates important changes that have occurred in Western-Russian business relations and underscores important practical implications.     

Potential and recognized boundary spanners in multinational corporations

Boundary spanners play an important role in multinational corporations (MNC), yet it is unclear who these valuable individuals are and why certain individuals, and not others, perform this role. We advance a ‘recognition’ perspective based on whether and how relevant others on both sides on the boundary experience positive impact. A dynamic integrated mixed method analysis of 118 individuals involved in headquarters-subsidiary interactions in four MNCs, shows that only a minority are ‘recognized boundary spanners’, experienced by others to positively impact intergroup relations. We identify different categories and mechanisms of recognition, and make a methodological contribution by integrating qualitative and quantitative analysis.     

Aktuelle Probleme der österreichischen Finanzpolitik

Ohne ZusammenfassungUnter diesem Titel hielt der Verfasser auf der Tagung der Wirtschafts-wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft für Oberösterreich in Bad Ischl am 18. 9. 1959 einen Vortrag, der in Arbeit und Wirtschaft, 13. Jg., Nr. 11, S. 297 ff., wörtlich wiedergegeben ist.Das dort nur skizzierte Thema soll nun in der vorliegenden finanzwissenschaftlichen Analyse sowohl nach der Breite als auch insbesondere nach der Tiefe hin vollkommener behandelt werden, und zwar auch unter Beibringung des notwendigen Ziffernmaterials. (Leider ist dieses dürftig genug, da die einschlägigen österreichischen Statistiken nicht annähernd den im vergleichbaren Ausland üblichen Stand erreichen.) Die Wichtigkeit eines solchen Unternehmens steht außer Zweifel; zeitlich fällt es mit dem Abgang des über acht Jahre amtierenden Finanzministers Dr. Reinhard Kamitz zur österreichischen Nationalbank als deren Präsident zusammen.Herrn Dr. Herbert Zogelmann soll an dieser Stelle für seine wertvolle Mitarbeit ausdrücklich gedankt werden.     

The relationship of the GDR to the World Bank Group

In the World Bank’s last annual report the Federal Republic of Germany was described as a leading member of the World Bank Group (IBRD, IFC and IDA). The Federal Republic has subscribed about $ 1.4 bn to the capital of the World Bank and to date contributed $ 1.1 bn to IDA. The second German state, the German Democratic Republic (GDR), on the other hand, is taking a negative attitude to the World Bank Group. Why does it do so?