How middle managers manage the political environment to achieve market goals: Insights from China's state‐owned enterprises

Research summary: Although the middle management literature has identified various bridging roles performed by middle managers in the market environment, it is relatively vague about whether and how they manage the political environment to achieve market‐related goals. In an inductive field study of four large state‐owned enterprises based in mainland Communist China, operational middle managers were found to take an active role in dealing with political actors to achieve market efficiency in their local environments, performing two distinct bridging strategies. Our field study suggests that middle managers are better equipped than their bosses (top executives) as well as their subordinates (frontline employees) to perform the bridging function between competing market and political imperatives in various local settings. Managerial summary: For firms that operate in diverse geographies, it is challenging for a handful of top executives to deal with numerous political actors. This burden could be shared with operational middle managers, who play a bridging role by drawing on their operational knowledge and local networks. Our research on middle managers who work under the scrutiny of political actors in China found that they bridge market and political ideology by conveying common features that seem legitimate to both. They also bridge market goals and political actors with personal affect. Compared to top executives and frontline employees, middle managers have unique advantages in performing these bridging functions. Firms can enhance their strategy execution ability by training middle managers in dealing with political actors in diverse contexts. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

PRA方法在林木生物质能源项目中的应用

参与式农村评估(PRA)是国际上在农村发展项目的设计、实施、评估、验收中常用的一种调查方法。它强调以农民为主体,信息来自于农户,打破了传统的问卷调查方法的弊端。文章对PRA方法的内涵和工具特点进行了介绍,并将其在林木生物质能源调研项目中进行成功应用,一方面进一步阐述了PRA方法的理念,另一方面也为更好地开展林木生物质能源项目的调研提供参考。     

区域经济创新扩散强度与效应研究——以京津冀和长三角地区为例

科技中心城市对周边腹地的技术创新扩散强度和效应对区域技术进步具有举足轻重的作用。运用基于VAR模型的脉冲响应函数测度北京与上海的扩散强度与效应之后,其结果表明：北京扩散的强度以及效应都较弱于上海。因此,北京应弱化政府在科技资源配置中的作用,努力培育企业作为创新主体,提高自身对京津冀区域内其他地区的扩散的强度。     

跨国公司在华并购动机及其阶段性演进

从企业资源基础观的视角,对跨国公司在华并购的资源获取战略演化进行分析表明:在开放初期,外资并购主要在于获取与生产经营相关的当地市场政策法规、经营规则等知识以及与政府管理部门交往的关系资源,快速进入中国市场。中国市场日臻成熟后,则转变为主要获取品牌、营销网络、特许经营权等企业特质资源,谋求主导、控制中国市场。跨国公司并购中资源获取战略的演化,是基于市场对资源要求取向以及国内企业资源禀赋的变化,为追求资源获取战略改变带来的竞争优势提高所进行的一种决策过程和决策结果。     

中国林业NGO对外交流面临的机遇和挑战

随着NGO在林业国际事务中的作用日渐显现,以及我国林业事业对外交流的需求不断增强,中国林业NGO对外交流迎来了良好的机遇期,同时也面临着诸多问题和挑战。通过对林业NGO对外交流现状以及存在问题的介绍与分析,提出了今后我国林业NGO对外交流的具体建议。     

Chinese heritage tourists to heritage sites: what are the effects of heritage motivation and perceived authenticity on satisfaction?

Much of the literature on authenticity is Western-centric, while little work addresses the concept in the Asian environment. The literature relating to authenticity from Asian tourists’ point of view is even underdeveloped. This study therefore aims to fill the knowledge gap by investigating Chinese tourists’ perspective of authenticity. It also examines tourists’ perceived authenticity as a multi-dimensional construct in a consumer-based model, the relationship with heritage motivation and tourist satisfaction. Findings indicate that Chinese tourists’ perceptions of authenticity are closely related to objective and constructive authenticity. The study demonstrates that heritage motivation has a significant positive influence on perceived authenticity and that perceived authenticity has a strong ability to predict tourist satisfaction.     

基于潮汐交通的可变车道分流带设置研究

为了提高潮汐交通道路的安全度,基于南京市虎踞路调查的交通数据,分析其潮汐交通特性,针对潮汐路段提出优化设计方案,在可变车道内,分析车辆的速度、道路宽度以及汽车转弯半径对分流带长度的影响,利用切函数与约束函数,设计一定长度的自动可移动式分流带。利用交通微观仿真平台vissim对实施协调控制后的结果进行仿真实验,结果表明控制后的车头间距增大,通行效率得到提高,安全度提高。     

石家庄市冬季典型重污染过程分析

为研究石家庄市冬季重污染天气过程的成因及影响因素,对2015-01-07至2015-01-10这一时间段的重污染过程从PM2.5浓度变化、气象条件演变及其对PM2.5浓度的影响、PM2.5与主要气态污染物的相关性、区域性污染传输等方面进行分析。结果表明:此次石家庄市重污染过程是在区域性大气静稳态背景下形成的,地面压力及风场对PM2.5浓度影响较大;石家庄NO2浓度与PM2.5浓度相关性很高,机动车尾气对城市的污染逐渐加剧;SO2浓度与PM2.5浓度相关性高说明燃煤仍是石家庄市重要污染来源;该时间段河北南部城市区间存在污染物区域性传输。     

基于博弈和模糊集理论解决PPP项目决策问题

运用博弈理论建立了关于PPP项目特许权期的计算模型,然后就该模型中决策者可能无法准确预测项目中某些信息因而不能准确确定项目特许权期的问题,提出建立一个多目标决策模型,希望通过模糊集理论对该问题进行求解.最后列举一个假设的算例来说明决策的制定过程.通过该两种模型的运用能为PPP项目决策提供更大的灵活性.     

基于PBL的经济管理实验教学变革研究

作为构建主义教学改革模式中广泛采用的核心思路,PBL在实现实验教学目标、提升能力与素质培养层次与质量、完善学科与教学体系等方面有着重要意义。针对经济管理专业综合性、设计性和创新性实验中的应用与实践,基于PBL的实施过程构建集成化的基于PBL的实验教学体系,并面向知识创造与共享在经济管理实验中开展PBL的应用是当前变革的主要方向与途径。