跨国公司在华并购动机及其阶段性演进

从企业资源基础观的视角,对跨国公司在华并购的资源获取战略演化进行分析表明:在开放初期,外资并购主要在于获取与生产经营相关的当地市场政策法规、经营规则等知识以及与政府管理部门交往的关系资源,快速进入中国市场。中国市场日臻成熟后,则转变为主要获取品牌、营销网络、特许经营权等企业特质资源,谋求主导、控制中国市场。跨国公司并购中资源获取战略的演化,是基于市场对资源要求取向以及国内企业资源禀赋的变化,为追求资源获取战略改变带来的竞争优势提高所进行的一种决策过程和决策结果。     

中国林业NGO对外交流面临的机遇和挑战

随着NGO在林业国际事务中的作用日渐显现,以及我国林业事业对外交流的需求不断增强,中国林业NGO对外交流迎来了良好的机遇期,同时也面临着诸多问题和挑战。通过对林业NGO对外交流现状以及存在问题的介绍与分析,提出了今后我国林业NGO对外交流的具体建议。     

多视角县级空间开发适宜性评价方法对比研究

［目的］随着市县经济社会发展总体规划的改革创新,越发强调主体功能区制度的完善、强化政府空间管控的能力。空间开发适宜性是合理划分国土空间、优化开发布局的重要基础。［方法］研究通过选取了地形地势、交通干线、人口聚集度、经济发展4项适宜性指标和自然灾害影响、可利用土地资源、可利用水资源、生态系统脆弱性4项约束性指标,建立空间开发适宜性评价指标体系,分别从格网与行政区两种视角出发,开展蒲江县级空间开发适宜性评价,采用点对点匹配度分析对两种评价结果进行综合对比分析。［结果］从总体看,蒲江县最适宜区域占比约为4%,较适宜区域占比约为14%,较不适宜区域占比约为15%,最不适宜区域占比约为67%。行政区视角下,各类开发适宜性等级区域差异明显,但街道、乡（镇）行政区内部具有均质性。具体来说,各类开发适宜性等级区有按行政区集聚的趋势,并且其集聚趋势与多指标评价结果关系密切。空间视角下,各类开发适宜性等级跨行政区,街道、乡（镇）行政区内部具有异质性。一方面,各类开发适宜性等级不受行政区影响,局部精准性更高。另一方面,形成跨行政区的开发时序判读,并且这种开发时序多呈现“中心—外围”结构,便于具体指导区域分步开发。［结论］格网尺度可以更精细地反映县级开发适宜性和开发约束性在空间上的差异化分布,提高城镇、农业、生态3类空间范围划定精准性,为合理确定资源开发强度、促进国土空间科学适度有序布局提供技术保障。     

Optimal surveillance against foot‐and‐mouth disease: the case of bulk milk testing in Australia

Previous foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks and simulation‐based analyses suggest substantial payoffs from detecting an incursion early. However, no economic measures for early detection have been analysed in an optimising framework. We investigate the use of bulk milk testing (BMT) for active surveillance against an FMD incursion in Australia. We find that BMT can be justified, but only when the FMD entry probability is sufficiently high or the cost of BMT is low. However, BMT is well suited for post‐outbreak surveillance, to shorten the length of time and size of an epidemic and to facilitate an earlier return to market.     

Modeling farmers’ decisions on tea varieties in Vietnam: a multinomial logit analysis

This article analyzes households’ choice on tea varieties in Vietnam by using a multinomial logit model. The modeling takes into account the issue of unobserved individual heterogeneity and the endogeneity of some explanatory variables (use of chemical and organic fertilizers). The results show that important factors influencing the decision to adopt one type of tea varieties include income, age, household size, farming contract, and use of organic fertilizers, but also membership of professional associations such as the Tea Association and the Farmers Union.     

Host-site institutions,regional production linkages and technological upgrading: a study of automotive firms in vietnam

Using technological capabilities as embodied in machinery, organization, processes and products, this study examines the links with host-site institutions and regional production linkages. The statistical results show no relationship between these variables. In-depth interviews complement the quantitative findings. Overall, the result shows that the government’s localization efforts failed because too many joint-venture assemblers were approved in the 1990s when the domestic market was small. The lack of economies of scale also affected the growth of national suppliers. Hence, national producers are confined to low value added segments and lack the quality to compete in export markets.     

When new product development fails in China: mediating effects of voice behaviour and learning from failure

This paper investigates conflicts following a new product development (NPD) failure. Conducted in a Chinese business setting, the study examines whether voice behaviour and learning from failure mediate the relationship between task- and emotional conflict emerging from NPD failure. Our findings indicate that voice behaviour and learning from failure are necessary to effectively reduce task and emotional conflict and thus to enhance future NPD. Specifically, it is revealed that emotional conflict leads to a reduced level; and that voice behaviour and learning from failure are significant mediators that influences the relationships between emotional and task conflicts with it.     

Chinese heritage tourists to heritage sites: what are the effects of heritage motivation and perceived authenticity on satisfaction?

Much of the literature on authenticity is Western-centric, while little work addresses the concept in the Asian environment. The literature relating to authenticity from Asian tourists’ point of view is even underdeveloped. This study therefore aims to fill the knowledge gap by investigating Chinese tourists’ perspective of authenticity. It also examines tourists’ perceived authenticity as a multi-dimensional construct in a consumer-based model, the relationship with heritage motivation and tourist satisfaction. Findings indicate that Chinese tourists’ perceptions of authenticity are closely related to objective and constructive authenticity. The study demonstrates that heritage motivation has a significant positive influence on perceived authenticity and that perceived authenticity has a strong ability to predict tourist satisfaction.     

工会提高了职工收入吗?

本文基于中国工业企业数据,分析工会对职工收入的影响.研究结果发现,采用OLS回归,存在6.4％的工会“工资溢价”,内资企业高于外资企业、国有企业高于非国有企业;运用分位数回归,随着分位数水平的上升,工会“工资溢价”效应逐渐提高;OLS方法可能存在样本的“自选择”问题,使用倾向得分匹配方法能弥补可能的估计偏误,结果显示平均处理效应约为8％;基于“活跃工会”进行稳健性分析,存在10.5％的工会“工资溢价”,这表明我国企业确实存在明显的工会“工资溢价”效应.     

金融中介部门发展与经济增长——基于转型国家的实证检验

通过利用25个转型国家1993-2003年的面板数据,对转型国家金融中介部门发展与经济增长的关系进行检验后发现:存贷款利差与实际GDP增长率互为因果关系;对私人部门信贷的相对增加不仅没有加速经济增长,相反在有些国家还阻碍了经济的长期增长。广义货币量的相对增加对转型国家的经济增长没有促进作用,甚至在CEE和波罗的海国家,M2占GDP的比重与实际GDP增长率之间存在显著负相关。实证结果表明,在软约束盛行的转型国家,提高金融中介部门的效率比其增加其对私人部门的信贷更有利于加速经济增长。