Coordination in retailer-carrier channels for long term planning

We study a retailer-carrier channel for the purpose of long term planning and coordination. Here, the term channel represents the business interaction between the retailer and the carrier. The retailer sells a particular item with price-dependent demand, whereas the carrier is responsible for transporting the item to the retailer's site. We characterize the profit functions of each channel member as well as the total channel profit. We consider two specific channel structures: (i) the centralized channel and (ii) the decentralized channel. Under the first channel structure, the goal is to set the retail price so as to maximize the total channel profit. Under the latter, the carrier and the retailer choose their own policy parameters, i.e., the freight rate for the carrier and the retail price for the retailer, so as to maximize their individual profits. We model the decentralized channel as a Stackelberg Game and propose a coordination mechanism between the retailer and the carrier in which the retailer signals a price multiplier to the carrier. We illustrate that this mechanism could provide win-win solutions for both parties and present analytical and numerical results on the efficiency of channel coordination. We demonstrate that coordination in retailer-carrier channels can be as promising as supplier-retailer channels. We also discuss the effects of retailer-carrier coordination on inventory levels.     

海关检验工作新思路--建立海关检验标准化体系

海关检验是海关对进出口商品进行抽样检验的一种监管模式。本文通过对目前海关检验工作中存在的主要问题的分析，阐述了海关检验工作标准化建设的必要性，并就如何建立海关检验标准阐明了自己的看法。     

河北省蔬菜品牌建设现状及对策研究

品牌建设问题已成为影响河北蔬菜产业发展的重要因素。该文在分析河北省蔬菜品牌发展现状特 点、主要问题、制约因素、优势的基础上,指出了河北省蔬菜品牌建设的发展思路,提出了加快河北省蔬 菜品牌发展的政策建议。     

石台县土壤硒资源分布特征及其利用

[目的]为实现对石台县土壤天然富硒资源的合理利用,促进石台县经济发展。[方法]文章通过实地调查与资料分析的方法,研究了石台县土壤硒资源空间分布的特点和土壤富硒资源利用途径。[结果]石台县土壤硒均值为0.5556mg/kg,达到富硒水平,石台县富硒地区占全县的28.73%,中硒地区占全县面积的67.62%,富硒地区主要分布在仙寓镇、七都镇、大演乡、丁香镇、仁里镇。石台县土壤硒含量主要与成土母岩、土壤质地、成土过程、土壤有机质和人类活动等影响因素有关。[结论]石台县土壤硒资源利用可以通过发展富硒茶、富硒米、富硒养生旅游、生态富硒高山蔬菜和瓜果、富硒中药材、富硒黑猪肉和富硒牛肉等富硒产业,富硒茶区域应设置在仙寓、七都、大演、矶滩、横渡5个乡镇,富硒米种植区域应设置在台县东部的七都镇和南部的仙寓镇,富硒养生旅游可以设置在横渡镇、仙寓镇、大演乡、丁香镇、小河镇,生态富硒蔬菜和瓜果应集中分布于石台县横渡、仁里、矶滩、七井等地,富硒养殖业可以分布在石台县西部的小河镇。     

自然人移动对双边贸易的影响——以美国为例

本文在分析自然人移动对双边贸易影响渠道的基础上,运用修正后的贸易引力模型,以美国为例,对自然人移动对双边贸易的影响进行实证分析,结果显示自然人移动对双边贸易有着积极影响。据此本文认为,自然人移动服务贸易的自由化有利于贸易国社会福利水平的提高。     

中小投资者利益保护内部控制有效性研究——来自深圳证券交易所中小企业板的经验数据

本文从中小投资者的角度,研究深圳证券交易所中小企业板的上市公司与中小投资者利益保护相关的内部控制。根据112个企业的数据分析表明,董事长与总经理分离有利于中小投资者利益保护内部控制建设,其他公司治理措施与中小投资者利益保护内部控制建设无关,这些内部控制与公司价值也无关。这个发现启示我们,深圳证券交易所对中小投资者利益保护相关的内部控制可能需要进一步深化,使它们真正与中小投资者利益保护相关。     

外汇储备剧增导致的货币政策困境

外汇储备是体现和制约货币政策有效性的重要因素。根据“三元悖论”,中国政府为确保汇率稳定,同时实现资本准自由流动,必定要以牺牲货币政策独立性为代价。外汇储备超常增长、大量外汇占款导致央行货币政策的实施陷入被动和效果趋弱的困境,给宏观调控政策的选择提出更加复杂的难题。基于此现状,本文对该困境形成的原因和不利影响加以分析,尝试寻求解决办法。     

智利养老金改革25周年:养老金投资与资本市场

2006年是智利社会保障制度改革25周年.众所周知,智利养老金改革取得了举世瞩目的成就.在智利的带动下,已有20多个国家在全球社会保障制度改革进程中进行了养老金私有化改革,从而掀起了一股养老基金投资资本市场的热潮.     

Overreaction after Controlling for Size and Book-to-Market Effects and its Mimicking Portfolio in Japan

In this paper we observe that firm size (SZ) and book-to-market (BM) cannot fully explain stock returns on prior-return- (PR-) based portfolios in the Japanese stock market. The overreaction effect after controlling for the SZ and BM effects is significant and persistent, and accounts for a large part of the zero-investment returns on the loser to the winner. We therefore propose a new mimicking portfolio whose returns mimic the common factor in returns related to overreaction. Our evidence shows that the proposed four-factor model captures common variation in returns on portfolios, based on stocks SZ, BM, and PR, better than the well-known three-factor model does.     

Activity in futures: does underlying market size relate to futures trading volume?

This study investigates the determinants of trading volume in the futures markets and focuses on underlying market characteristics as an explanation for futures trading volume. Four major futures contracts traded on the Sydney Futures Exchange are investigated: the stock price index (SPI); the 90-day bank accepted bill (BAB); the 3-year bond; and the 10-year bond. An important outcome of this study is an identification of the fundamental drivers of trading volume in the futures markets, which have largely gone undocumented in prior research. We find evidence that futures trading volume is related to underlying market characteristics: the size of the Australian superannuation fund investments in equities (for the SPI), short term treasury notes (for the BAB), non-government bonds on issue (for the 3-year contract) and government bonds on issue (for the 10-year contract).