服务业中基于六西格玛管理的客户中心化流程的优化

本文通过分析服务业流程特点,为服务业提供实施六西格玛管理模式与框架,优化服务业流程,为服务业实施六西格玛管理提供参考。     

制造业服务化困境研究动态

制造业服务化困境是国际新兴研究热点,服务化是制造业获取竞争优势、实现转型升级的重要途径,然而,在实施过程中很多企业会遭遇服务化困境,甚至服务化失败。对制造业服务化困境的概念、现象识别、影响因素以及应对策略等内容进行全面梳理和系统述评,并对未来研究进行展望。     

Brentuximab vedotin in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma post-autologous stem cell transplant: a cost-effectiveness analysis in Scotland

Objective: To evaluate cost-effectiveness of brentuximab vedotin in patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma who have received autologous stem cell transplantation, from a Scottish healthcare payer perspective.

Methods: A Microsoft Excel-based partitioned survival model comprising three health states (progression-free survival [PFS], post-progression survival, and death) was developed. Relevant comparators were chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy (C/R) and C/R with intent to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Data were obtained from the pivotal phase II single-arm trial in 102 patients (SG035-0003; NCT00848926), a systematic literature review and clinical expert opinions (where empirical evidence was unavailable). PFS and overall survival for brentuximab vedotin were estimated using 5-year follow-up data from SG035-0003, and extrapolated using event rates observed for comparator treatments from published survival data. Resource use included drug acquisition and administration; alloSCT; treatment of adverse events; and long-term follow-up. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the impact of uncertainty.

Results: In the base case, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for brentuximab vedotin was £38,769 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) vs C/R, whereas C/R with intent to alloSCT was dominated by brentuximab vedotin. ICERs for brentuximab vedotin generated by the deterministic sensitivity analysis ranged between £32,000–£54,000 per QALY. Including productivity benefits reduced the ICER to £28,881 per QALY.

Limitations: Limitations include lack of comparative data from this single arm study and the heterogeneous population. Inconsistent baseline characteristic reporting across studies prevented complete assessment of heterogeneity and the extent of potential bias in clinical and cost-effectiveness estimates.

Conclusions: Although the base case ICER is above the threshold usually applied in Scotland, it is relatively low compared with other orphan drugs, and lower than the ICER generated using a previous data cut of SG035-0003 that informed a positive recommendation from the Scottish Medicines Consortium, under its decision-making framework for assessment of ultra-orphan medicines.     

对当前我国外汇储备基金实现投资增值的思考

外汇储备必须在满足流动性和安全性前提下,拓展投资渠道,控制投资风险,提高投资收益.近几年来,我国外汇储备持续高企,而外汇储备基金投资却只有3%的营运收益率.本文分析了我国外汇储备基金投资增值的现状,从区分管理功能和投资功能,组建高效基金运营模式;设定投资基准和投资限额,控制和规避投资风险;优化外汇储备的货币结构和资产结构,拓宽投资渠道;加快培养吸纳国际金融市场操作人才,完善有关法规等几个方面提出了改进外汇储备基金投资增值的对策.     

全球价值链下中小企业技术创新能力影响因素研究——基于文献分析视角

中小企业如何跨越全球价值链"低端锁定"是一个极富挑战性的课题,通过对国内外全球价值链下企业技术创新能力研究的梳理,一方面界定了全球价值链下中小企业技术创新能力的概念,探讨了全球价值链下中小企业技术创新能力生成与提高机理;另一方面,系统地总结了全球价值链下中小企业技术创新能力影响因素,并就全球价值链治理模式、企业战略、市场创新等因素对企业技术创新能力的影响进行了分析。     

Organisational regulatory legitimacy,entrepreneurial orientation,and SME innovation: an optimal distinctiveness perspective

The optimal distinctiveness perspective argues that firms face competing pressures to be both ‘like’ and ‘different from’ their peers. On the one hand, institutional scholars assert that firms need to be similar to peers in order to gain legitimacy. On the other hand, strategy scholars insist that firms need to strive to be different to gain competitive advantage. In order to enrich the optimal distinctiveness perspective, the present study builds a conceptual model that addresses the relationships among organisational regulatory legitimacy, entrepreneurial orientation, and SME innovation under the context of China’s transition economy. Our empirical results show that organisational regulatory legitimacy has an inverted-U relationship with SME innovation. Further, entrepreneurial orientation strengthens this inverse-U shaped relationship. That is, entrepreneurial orientation magnifies both the positive and the negative effect of organisational regulatory legitimacy on SME innovation. This study echoes to the call to conduct broader optimal distinctiveness research by integrating institutional theory and strategic management. Furthermore, our findings provide new evidence for the strategic balance perspective of optimal distinctiveness.     

中国通货膨胀的福利成本研究

通货膨胀一直以来都是衡量一国宏观经济运行是否稳定和健康的重要指标。本文对国内外关于通货膨胀福利成本的研究发展进行了较为完整的综述,并在此基础之上运用消费者剩余方法和新古典宏观经济学一般均衡模型对中国通货膨胀的福利成本进行了计算和比较。实证结果说明,在中国高通货膨胀会带来较高的福利损失,因此将通胀率保持在较低的水平对提高中国的经济福利水平是有利的。     

坚定不移地深化改革完善落实科学发展观与构建和谐社会的体制保障

胡锦涛总书记指出,要在新的历史起点上继续推进社会主义现代化建设,说到底要靠深化改革、扩大开放.要毫不动摇地坚持改革方向,进一步坚定改革的决心和信心.温家宝总理强调,改革开放是决定中国命运的重大决策.20多年来,我国经济社会发展取得的一切成就,都是同坚决地推进经济体制改革和对外开放分不开的.要实现新阶段的发展任务,把中国特色社会主义事业继续推向前进,必须坚定不移地深化改革、扩大开放.中央领导同志在"十一五"规划刚刚起步的时候,旗帜鲜明地再次强调要毫不动摇地坚持改革方向、不失时机地推进改革,具有重要的现实意义.     

《算学启蒙》中的香料经济新探

《算学启蒙》中有关香料方面的算题,涉及元代市舶司的“双抽”和“单抽”、纸钞与铜银钱并用,以及各种香料的价格等问题。诚然,这些问题的解决,确实需要综合多种史籍来参互求证,但毋庸置疑的是《算学启蒙》起到了为其他史籍所无法取代的独特价值和作用。实际上,元代大德年间所发生的许多经济现象,都或多或少在《算学启蒙》一书中有所体现。随着学界对中国古代算书之史学价值的认识愈来愈明确,经济数学、数学社会学等新的交叉学科应运而生,我们不能仅仅囿于从纯数学的角度去解读《算学启蒙》,因为《算学启蒙》本身具有更重要的经济史和社会史的研究价值和意义。