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Are hedging transactions that diversify a manager’s compensation risk detrimental to incentives, or can they improve contracting efficiency? If hedging provides efficiency benefits, should the manager or the firm undertake it? In our model, both the firm and the manager can trade financial portfolios to diversify the manager’s compensation risk. Prior to the portfolio selection, the parties need to acquire information on how different financial portfolios fit their diversification purposes. We illustrate that financial portfolios correlated with firm‐specific risk improve contracting efficiency. For equal information costs, it is optimal for the firm to undertake the hedging on the manager’s behalf.  相似文献   
23.
The literature on mergers has extensively analyzed the decision to merge by private firms, but it has not considered the decision to merge by private and public firms. We assume that when a private firm and a public firm merge (or when one of them acquires the other), they set up a multiproduct firm in which the government owns an exogenous percentage stake. In this framework, we show that the decision to merge by firms depends on the degree to which goods are substitutes and on the percentage of the shares owned by the government in the multiproduct firm.  相似文献   
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This article proposes and estimates an inflation indicator for the European Monetary Union (EMU). This indicator is set up so that it is contemporarily not affected by the changes in price differentials among EMU countries. The results show that the Monetary Union Index of Consumer Prices (MUICP), which is the inflation measure that the European Central Bank (ECB) takes as a reference for monetary policy purposes, could be understating the value of the inflation in the euro zone. It is also concluded that regional peculiarities are fundamental in the evolution of prices in the different EMU countries.  相似文献   
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Repeated dichotomous choice contingent valuation data are generated from responses to a succession of binary questions regarding alternative prices for an environmental good. In this paper we propose a simultaneous equation model that allows for endogeneity and error correlation across the responses at each stage of the bidding process. The model allows us to study the evolution of anchoring effects after the second dichotomous choice question. Estimation involves the Bayesian techniques of Gibbs sampling and data augmentation, and the application focuses on the preservation value of a natural area. The results for a data set involving up to four successive dichotomous choice questions show that restricted multiple-bounded models are rejected by the data with the general model. In addition, willingness to pay tends to stabilize after the second stage in the elicitation process for the general unrestricted model. When taking anchoring effects into consideration, it is revealed that individuals’ responses in the latter stages are influenced by the sequence of bid prices offered in earlier questions. Nevertheless, they do not have a significant effect on welfare estimates.   相似文献   
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今年1月份在福建省委、省政府坚强领导下,全省国民经济继续保持企稳向好势头。面对国际经济增长不稳定和中央适度收紧银根等因素对本省经济发展的影响,要坚持以胡锦涛总书记视察福建为动力,大力推进经济发展方式转变,保持经济平稳较快发展,促进海峡西岸经济区建设取得新的更大成就。  相似文献   
27.
2009年,在国家一揽子刺激政策的作用下'我国经济成功抵御了国际金融危机的严重冲击,经济运行表现超出预期。与此同时,房地产、股票等资产价格上涨也超出预期。2010年一季度,在国际经济环境趋于好转,国内刺激政策效应继续显现、工业品库存回补以及低基数等因素影响下,我国经济将呈现出继续回升趋势,初步预计,一季度GDP增长11.5%左右,CP1上涨2.5%左右,经济运行开始从危机冲击后的应激运行状态向正常运行状态过渡。  相似文献   
28.
三季度,福建经济运行继续保持良好态势,总体呈现高位、平稳、较快增长的特点,主要经济指标继续好于全国水平,GDP环比平稳增长,消费、投资等内需支撑有力。但是外贸出口环比增速明显回落,物价形势出现反复,通胀有再度抬头的倾向。目前世界经济进一步复苏的不确定性因素还很多,人民币升值面临空前压力,外需形势不容乐观。第四季度必须把工作重点放在进一步落实省委八届九次全会精神上,继续打好"五大战役",确保全省经济又好又快发展和全年目标任务的完成。  相似文献   
29.
We consider a pure exchange economy with a finite set of types of agents which have incomplete and asymmetric information on the states of nature. Our aim was to describe the equilibrium price formation and analyze how the lack of information may affect the allocation of resources. To do so, we adapt to an asymmetric information scenario a variant of the Shapley–Shubik game introduced by Dubey and Geanakoplos (J Math Econ 39:391–400, 2003 ).  相似文献   
30.
This paper applies smooth transition models to capture the nonlinear behavior in the imports data of six major European economies and to assess whether such nonlinearities are related to business cycle asymmetries. Two classes of switch between regimes are considered: endogenously determined transition that assumes nonlinearities are generated by idiosyncratic components specific to foreign trade, and exogenous transition based on GDP growth as a more direct indicator of the cyclical state of the economy. The results support the proposition that the dynamics of imports are nonlinear. In Belgium, France, Spain, and the United Kingdom, regimes change over the business cycle, while in Germany and Italy the switch between regimes is endogenous. National characteristics play a role in defining the position of extreme regimes, the smoothness of the transition, and local dynamics within each state.Previous versions of this article have been presented at the 57th International Atlantic Economic Conference (Lisbon, Portugal, March 10–14, 2004) and at the VII Encuentro de Economía Aplicada (Vigo, Spain, June 3–5, 2004). The authors thank the conference participants and an anonymous referee for their comments.  相似文献   
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