Remittances from international labour migration: a summary of findings and issues for labour-exporting developing countries of the ESCAP region

International labor migration from the ESCAP region to the Middle East is analyzed, and patterns of remittances from migrants are examined. The focus is on "contract" migration, in which the workers involved have no intention of settling in the country of employment and which is characterized by a job contract that is concluded by the employer on behalf of the workers. Topics discussed include the labor market situation, controversies over the benefits of remittances, the flow of migration and the stock of workers in host countries, characteristics of migrating workers, management of the migration flow, the size and significance of remittance flows to ESCAP countries, and policy issues.     

英国和德国的会计师行业考察报告

行业管理现状英国是注册会计师职业的发源地，经过一百多年的发展，已经形成了一套较为完善的行业管理体制(参见图1、图2)。概括起来有以下几个方面的内容：1.法律规范方面。1845年，英国修改《公司法》时明确规定了“公司的账目应当由会计师审计”。这是世界上第一次以法律的形式确立的会计师审计制度。1991年10月1日起，英国又在修订后的《公司法》中明确规定，实行审计资格注册制度，即特许会计师只有取得审计资格后，才能从事审计业务，同时，会计师事务所要承办审计业务，也必须取得审计资格。从而以立法的形式规范了会计师的执业条件…     

荷兰和意大利注册会计师行业考察报告

注册会计师行业管理的法律依据荷兰注册会计师行业管理的法律依据主要是1962年制定的《荷兰注册会计师法》以及荷兰注册会计师协会制定的各种规章制度。另外,由于荷兰是欧盟成员国,也是国际会计师联合会成员,因此国际会计师联合会和欧盟关于其成员国的一些规定(主要体现在执业准则、考试、培训以及资格互认等方面),荷兰注册会计师行业也要遵守。 注册会计师管理体制荷兰注册会计师行业管理实行的是行业自我管理为主的模式。对注册会计师行业进行监督的政府部门主要是经济事务部,其他部门如财政部、司法部等也会在某些方面对行业…     

昆明国际评估论坛外方演讲综述

在昆明国际评估论坛上,包括国际评估准则委员会维拉主席在内,外方共有16名代表发表了演讲,现综述如下:     

Valuing Mortgage Insurance Contracts in Emerging Market Economies

We develop a new option-based method for the valuation of mortgage insurance contracts in closed form in an economy where agents are risk neutral. While the proposed valuation method is general and can be used in any market, it may be particularly useful in emerging market economies where other existing methods may be either inappropriate or are too difficult to implement because of the lack of relevant data. As an application, we price a typical Serbian government-backed mortgage insurance contract.     

中国金融控股集团发展：分业还是混业？

中国的金融控股集团可界定为跨业经营,再加上金融企业资产的弱专用性,因此现有金融管理体制下存在金融控股集团发展的空间。但本文分析认为金融控股集团的经营前景不能确定,应积极、审慎地发展。     

Minimum consumption and transitional dynamics in wealth distribution

This paper investigates quantitatively how initial wealth holding differences across households are propagated through time in a one sector growth model economy. A key feature of the model is that household consumption cannot fall below a positive level each period. The existence of a minimum consumption requirement implies that the Intertemporal Elasticity of Substitution not only differs across households but also changes differently over time. This model is calibrated to match some key aggregate statistics of the U.S. economy. We find that, as in the data, the wealth distribution in our benchmark model economy exhibits a (brief) period of increasing inequality, a short period in which inequality diminishes and a steady level of inequality along the balanced growth path. However, our model illustrates that the evolution of inequality is very sensitive to the length of the transition path. Additionally, our model predicts an upsurge in wealth inequality following the productivity slowdown in the 1970s.     

关于反洗钱立法中注册会计师法定义务的研究

中国注册会计师协会反洗钱立法研究工作小组不久前召开了第一次会议,就反洗钱立法中注册会计师的权利和义务设定问题进行了研究。现将会议研究的主要内容作一简述。关于注册会计师是否应当报告常规审计过程中发现的客户洗钱嫌疑问题1.年度审计过程当中很难发现洗钱嫌疑。注册会计师的审计对象是财务报告期末时点上的结果,关注的是影响财务报告的交易行为。而洗钱往往会有大的现金流量,但通常对企业的利润并不产生影响,也不会对资产和负债产生影响。因此,在年度审计中发现洗钱行为的可能性很小,报告义务就无从谈起。洗钱是一种特殊的上游犯罪…     

Organizational learning and market orientation: interface and effects on performance

This paper discusses the relationship between market orientation and organizational learning and, in particular, the former's contribution to the generation of double-loop learning. Although prior contributions on this topic have been controversial, the authors, departing from the principles of RBV, consider market orientation a resource capable of generating higher order organizational learning and, in this way, capable of additionally reinforcing firms' sustainable competitive advantage. The empirical study provides evidence on the existing relationship between a firm's learning and market orientation degree and the organization's economic and non-economic results. Findings indicate that learning orientation stimulates the market-oriented behavior and that it also positively affects the establishment of long-term relationships with strategic clients. Contrary to prior research a significant and positive effect on business performance is only contrasted in the case of market orientation.     

Automatic balancing mechanisms for notional defined contribution accounts in the presence of uncertainty

The notional defined contribution model combines pay-as-you-go financing and a defined contribution pension formula. This paper aims to demonstrate the extent to which liquidity and solvency indicators are affected by fluctuations in economic and demographic conditions and to explore the introduction of an automatic balancing mechanism (ABM) into the pension scheme. We demonstrate that the introduction of an ABM reduces the volatility of the buffer fund and that, in most cases, the automatic mechanism that re-establishes solvency produces the highest value of the risk-adjusted notional factor.