Randbemerkungen über den Verlauf der Deckungskapitalien; ihre differentialgleichungen und gewisse ihnen angeknüpfte identitäten

Abstract

Es kann in der Lebensversicherung mitunter von Interesse sein eine gewisse Übersicht darüber zu gewinnen wie sich das Deckungskapital irgend eines vorgelegten Versicherungsbestandes (unter bestimmter Voraussetzung der Sterblichkeit und des Zinsfusses) mit den Jahren ändern wird. Es handelt sich dabei oft um die Abschätzung des Zeitspunktes für den Eintritt des Maximums des Deckungskapitals eines solchen Bestandes, und um die Höhe dieses Kapitals zu diesem Zeitpunkte. Solche Fragen entstehen z. B. bei aussterbenden Versicherungseinrichtungen und namentlich bei Übertragungen von ganzen Versicherungsbeständen, wie sie in dieser Zeit so häufig vorkommen. Der Gegenstand bietet kaum Schwierigkeiten, ist vielmehr theoretisch einfach; jedoch aber nicht ohne Interesse, weshalb eine ganz kurze Auseinandersetzung angepasst sein dürfte. Wir werden dann bei derselben Gelegenheit, obwohl es für die so gestellte Aufgabe nicht nötig war, einige allgemeine Differentialgleichungen und Identitäten ableiten, die mit derselben Aufgabe in enger Verbindung stehen.     

Renegotiation Facilitates Contractual Incompleteness

Attempts to economize on bargaining costs imply that two parties may write a contract which is incomplete in the sense that each party tacitly cedes some decision rights to the other. If decision makers can be disciplined by the threat of ex post renegotiation of decisions initially delegated to them, contracts may be even more incomplete. In the limit, the parties may leave all nonprice decisions out of the contract. By thus arguing that the threat of renegotiation facilitates contractual incompleteness, the paper reverses the direction of causality stressed by the literature.     

Dynamic Portfolio Selection: the Relevance of Switching Regimes and Investment Horizon

This paper investigates the questions of dynamic portfolio selection and intertemporal hedging within a Markovian regime‐switching framework. The investment opportunity set is spanned by a well‐diversified home‐market portfolio and the risk‐free asset. Our results highlight the economic importance of regimes, as optimal portfolio weights are clearly dependent on the prevailing regime. We present evidence that the question of intertemporal hedging is a more complex issue than is hinted in the previous literature, since demand for intertemporal hedging is present in some regimes, but not in others. Finally, our main findings are qualitatively unchanged across the four largest stock markets in the world.     

Die Zukunft der Industrie: technologiefundierte Dienstleistungen

The industrial society has become history, substituted by the service economy, the knowledge economy or the information economy. But industry has only changed its form: the IT processes in particular are fundamentally industry-based, not only because of the hardware required by the informational processes, but also due to their infiltration into all service economy dimensions and our every- day lives. Modern life does not work without the IT infrastructure. Man-machine interfaces have become micro-industry structures, which transform IT-users into producers. Besides, all ecological problems and climate change challenge our industrial competences. Industry is the tacit power of our time.     

You care about me,but can I count on you? Applying a psychological contract perspective to investigate what makes employees willing to be internally employable

Abstract

For this study, we adopted a psychological contract-based perspective to investigate whether the fulfillment of perceived developmental promises made to employees is positively related to their willingness to accept internal job-related changes when needed by the organization, a construct we refer to as the willingness to be internally employable. We also examined the role played by line managers in facilitating employees’ willingness to be internally employable by fulfilling perceived developmental promises. We tested our conceptual model with data collected from ninety-eight recently hired employees in a Norwegian organization under an initiative emphasizing employee development. We found that developmental promise fulfillment is more important for employees’ willingness to be internally employable in this context than any perceived provision of developmental inducements in isolation. Further, we found that employee perceptions of the developmental support provided by their line manager related positively to their willingness to be internally employable by way of developmental promise fulfillment; however, this was not the case with perceived developmental inducements. Our findings support the importance of developmental promise fulfillment in fostering employee willingness to be internally employable and the critical role played by line managers in fulfilling developmental promises that employees believe have been made by their organization.     

On the role of the RBV in marketing

This short note contains some reflections on the relationship between the resource-based view of the firm (RBV) and marketing. I focus on the main proposition of the RBV—that a firm should focus on what it can do better than others—and argue that it has implications for almost all marketing activities and that much thinking in the field already is consistent with it.     

Vertrauen als Problem. Anhaltende Finanzkrise?

Die Finanzkrise hat zu einem tiefen Misstrauen der Marktteilnehmer untereinander geführt. Vor der Krise herrschte hingegen ein übergro?es Vertrauen in das System, die einzelnen Institutionen und die Anlageberater. Mittlerweile muss der Staat als Vertrauensgeber einspringen. Doch wird hier nicht einfach das Risiko aus der Wirtschaft in die Gesellschaft überw?lzt?     

The resource-based view of the firm: Ten years after

The article reflects on the diffusion of the ‘resource-based view of the firm’ into academic and practitioner thought. The contributions of many people are noted. In closing, I offer some speculations about the future use of these ideas.