The Orani-Macro Interface: An Illustrative Exposition*

The paper provides on illustration of the procedure used to interface the MACRO and ORANI modules of the IMPACT Project. The main interfacing problem is that of temporal aggregation. This problem arises when information is to be passed between a dynamic disequilibrium model such as MACRO and a comparative static general equilibrium model such as ORANI. A diagrammatic treatment of the solution to this problem is presented. The procedure is then illustrated by a numerical experiment .     

IES 4 — Ethics Education Revisited

In 2003, the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) issued a set of International Education Standards (IES). IES 4 Professional Values, Ethics and Attitudes aims to equip candidates for membership of an IFAC member body with the appropriate professional values, ethics and attitudes to function as professional accountants. This paper explores the implications of IES 4 and analyses some of the challenges arising from an international professional accounting body prescribing ethics education. It concludes with an overview of considerations to be addressed to ensure that the implementation of IES 4 is successful .