Can Defaults Save the Climate? Evidence from a Field Experiment on Carbon Offsetting Programs

Individual preferences for environmental policies can be influenced by the frame in which choices and decisions are presented. In this paper we present results of a field experiment on the contributions to carbon offsetting programs under two alternative treatments for the default option. The opt-in treatment asked subjects to pay for the policy proposal while the opt-out treatment asked subjects if they wanted to be excluded from payment for the policy proposal. The results show that the frame of the default option had a significant effect on the amount of money paid for the policy proposal. Subjects were more likely to accept the policy proposal if the default option was the opt-out treatment. The results have implications for the design of environmental policies.     

动态集成制造系统环境下车间调度代理协商机制的研究

引入动态集成制造系统概念及其系统的构成，介绍动态集成系统的代理结构并对其进行扩展；在分析基于代理的车间调度系统模型的基础上对车间调度系统的代理协商过程、协商协议及协商步骤进行了探讨、研究和改进。     

有关反倾销问题的几点见解

本文认为:中国出口产品频频遭受反倾销,其原因是由外部因素和内部因素的双重影响而造成的。外部因素主要有:国际经贸大势所趋;制度差异引起歧视。内部因素主要有:出口秩序混乱;出口产品结构和渠道单一;管理机制不健全,法律应诉乏力;对反倾销重视有待进一步加强;专业人才不足;某些企业确实存在倾销嫌疑等。     

印度小额贷款危机成因分析及对中国的启示

近年来,小额贷款在印度等发展中国家获得快速的发展,同时也引发了一些问题。本文在介绍小额贷款和印度小额贷款危机的基础上,重点分析印度小额贷款危机成因,并提出印度小额贷款危机对中国小额贷款业健康发展的启示。     

Promoting sustainable event practice: The role of professional associations

International scholarly and industry debates are focussed clearly on the issue of climate change and environmental protection. The tourism industry and its related sectors have weathered much of the criticism for making a large contribution to environmental pollution. With its exponential growth over the past decade or so, the event sector is drawing attention as an increasing contributor to this global problem. Currently, there is a paucity of academic literature which examines the relationship between events and the environment. The event sector, primarily its professional associations and peak bodies are also publishing materials to provide guidance to members as to how to produce events which have minimal impact or reduce their impact on the environment.     

Corporate Incentives to Disclose Carbon Information: Evidence from the CDP Global 500 Report

We investigate how the Global 500 companies respond to the challenge of climate change with regard to their carbon disclosure strategies. This paper is motivated by a growing body of research that examines the role of large companies in carbon disclosure responsibility and practices. We consider the impact of social, financial market, economic, regulatory, and institutional factors on the motivation to voluntarily participate in the 2009 Carbon Disclosure Project. We find that economic pressure is significantly associated with the decision. That is, companies facing direct economic consequence are more likely to disclose. Companies in greenhouse gas (GHG) intensive sectors show the same tendency. In addition, big companies have a higher propensity for disclosing, suggesting that social pressure plays an important role. We also provide possible explanations as to why a large proportion of our sample firms refuse to disclose. Furthermore, our results suggest that the proxies for information needs of investors are not associated with a higher propensity to disclose the amount of their emission footprints. In sum, it appears that the major driving force for climate change disclosure comes from the general public and government rather than from the other major stakeholders such as shareholders and debtholders. Our results are robust after controlling for other influences.     

中外应对电网冰灾事故措施对比分析

2008年初,我国出现的大面积灾害性冰雪天气对电网造成了严重破坏,影响了电网的安全运行和有序供电.通过对我国和其他国家尤其是加拿大针对类似极端气象条件的应对方法和事后举措的比较,在电网设计标准、安全控制措施、应急机制等方面进行重点分析,针对冰灾等自然灾害提出了电网在规划、运行和管理方面的一些建议.在当前全球极端气象条件频现的背景下,以期能够对我国电网处理自然灾害和突发性电网事故提出一些有益的应对思路.     

递延税款计算的经验程序

在所得税会计中，递延税款的计算既复杂又难懂，在教学过程中笔总结出了一套计算递延税款的程序，从而使其计算简单明了，易于掌握。     

Consumers’ preference modeling to price bundle offers in the telecommunications industry: a game with competition among operators

Network operators are merging their services, such as fixed or wireless telephony, internet or television, into single offers, called bundles. It is essential to understand consumers’ preferences to define the most profitable bundles, with their associated prices, especially in the fierce competitive current market. We start by defining a random linear utility model and then, analyze the competition between an integrated operator and new entrants proposing substitutable services. Each operator ignores the consumers’ reservation prices for his offers and has to deal with uncertainties about the marketing strategies of competitors, due to potential different size and cost structure. A two-level game is introduced and solved by backward induction. In the second level, the operators determine their optimal offer prices for each possible combination of marketing strategies while the consumers select their most profitable purchasing processes; the natural framework is that of Bayesian game theory. Finally at the top level, knowing the outcome of the other level, the operators identify which marketing strategy to use between market share expansion, segment targeting or multi-level price discrimination, to maximize their expected utilities conditionally to their private informations.