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排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
981.
A comparison was made of the use of residential kitchen work centres by one worker and by two workers during a dinner meal preparation in which a microwave oven was utilized. When the meal was prepared by two workers they divided the work load by menu item and utilized separate work stations; typically, only one worker prepared the menu items requiring actual cooking. However, whether the meal preparation was individual or shared, the sink and preparation centres were the most frequently used. 相似文献
982.
Lukasz W. Rawdanowicz 《International Review of Applied Economics》2008,22(5):623-638
This paper investigates the structural determinants of relative inflation (i.e. the inflation of non‐tradables vs tradables) in the context of overall inflation differentials in the EU. The analysis is based on the Bergstrand theoretical model. This framework incorporates three alternative hypotheses of relative inflation (Harrod–Balassa–Samuelson, relative factors endowment, and demand effects). Due to the lack of reliable data on capital stocks only a curtailed version of the model is tested here empirically. The various specifications of the model are estimated for the majority of EU countries, using the Pedroni panel group mean FMOLS estimator. In general, relative labour productivity and demand factors turn out to be significant and correctly signed, though evidence in favour of the latter effect seems to be less robust. In addition, differences in the determination of relative prices between the new and old EU Member States are found. They seem to be consistent with theoretical considerations and the transition phenomenon. The estimation results are very sensitive to the definition of non‐tradables. The paper also discusses policy implications for overall inflation, stemming from relative price models. It questions the usefulness of relative inflation models for the analysis of overall inflation differentials and practical policy decisions. 相似文献
983.
Sandra W. King George T. Solomon & Lloyd W. Jr. Fernald 《Journal of Small Business Management》2001,39(1):3-13
The conceptual literature on family businesses suggests that family businesses have difficulty managing their human resources, especially when it concerns a family member or the transition from the founder to the successor. The authors empirically examined the assumptions raised in the conceptual literature regarding whether family businesses were experiencing human resource problems in growing their business and what factors enabled or constrained the ability of their businesses to grow. The authors used in-depth interviewing to collect data in order to emphasize the depth of the issue. Using content analysis with subject matter experts coding the data, the authors sought to mine the richness of data. Finally, the authors analyzed the data using Elliot Jaques' Stratified Systems Theory as a model to examine the strategic human resource issues and to draw some tentative conclusions. 相似文献
984.
985.
986.
Douglas W. Mitchell 《Atlantic Economic Journal》1987,15(2):53-56
Conclusion This paper has shown that the LM curve could be downward sloped if the rate of interest on money (specifically liquid deposits)
is sufficiently flexible. If so, the momentary equilibrium could be unstable, especially if the LM curve is far from the vertical
(i.e., if the interest rate on money is very flexible). Prospects for instability are enhanced if output adjusts slowly or
if the central bank varies the money supply strongly over time in response to the general interest rate. If stability obtains
with a downward sloped LM curve, fiscal policy has an unconventional direction of effect on income.
Three policy implications follow directly.
(1) The rate of interest on deposits which are part of the money supply used as the central bank control tool, should not
be allowed to be too flexible (to avoid instability).
(2) If the monetary deposit rate is quite flexible, the central bank should not have the money supply react too strongly to
the general interest rate—i.e., should not come too close to a pure interest rate policy (again, to avoid instability).
(3) If the monetary deposit rate is very flexible, fiscal policy should be used with caution (due to the unconventional direction
of effect in the event LM is downward sloped). 相似文献
987.
988.
R.W: Fraser 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》1986,37(1):89-95
This paper considers the behaviour of a farmer facing an unreliable market for his perishable product. In the context of a simple model, where unreliability is characterised as demand uncertainty at the going market price, the optimal responses of a risk-averse farmer both to the introduction and to an increase in the level of unreliability are analysed. Conditions determining these responses are described and are shown to contrast markedly with the conditions determining a farmer's responses to uncertainty in other parameters such as price. Finally, the policy implications of the paper are discussed, with particular reference to the problem of unstable supply. 相似文献
989.
990.
Private agents make large contributions to networks of conserved land, but little is known about how private agents’ decisions might be altered by government actions. This paper explores the impact of public conservation and public policy on the quantity and configuration of private land conservation and the extent to which the social optimum is reached. Because land conservation benefits often have thresholds and spatial characteristics, we consider the impact of different land conservation benefit functions on the patterns of conservation created by the interaction of private and public agents. We find that public conservation crowds private conservation in or out depending on whether marginal conservation benefits increase or decrease with total acreage, and crowding out is mitigated by the presence of budget constraints. We show how land conservation agents might interact strategically in space depending on preferences over fragmentation, and we explore that spatial strategic interaction in a case with a regional land trust and a case with hot-spot parcels. We identify when government policies, such as agglomeration bonuses and mitigating coordination costs, are most likely to increase the social benefits provided by private land conservation agents. 相似文献