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901.
Trade liberalization in the Doha Development Round 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
902.
Katharina Weinkauf Martin Högl Hans Georg Gemünden Katharina Hölzle 《Journal für Betriebswirtschaft》2005,55(2):85-111
Zusammenfassung Die Zusammenarbeit zwischen organisatorischen Gruppen (Abteilungen, Projektteams etc.) leistet einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur Effizienz und Effektivität von Unternehmen. Drei Forschungsströme liefern wichtige Erkenntnisse hinsichtlich der Zusammenarbeit zwischen organisatorischen Gruppen. In diesem Beitrag werden der gegenwärtige Forschungsstand (State-of-the-Art) zu Intergroup Relations, Schnittstellenmanagement und Boundary Spanning zusammengefasst und Massnahmen zur Förderung der Zusammenarbeit zwischen organisatorischen Gruppen abgeleitet. Der Beitrag schliesst mit einer zusammenfassenden Würdigung, in der Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten der Forschungsrichtungen aufgezeigt werden. Darüber hinaus werden wichtige Themen für notwendige weitere Forschung zur Zusammenarbeit zwischen Gruppen skizziert. JEL classifications L20, M10, M12 相似文献
903.
By Hans Bernhard Schmid 《American journal of economics and sociology》2003,62(1):67-101
A BSTRACT . If in a game with multiple proper coordination equilibria there is a single one that is best for all participants, it is rational for each participant to choose the strategy that has the best equilibrium as one of its possible outcomes. This seems so obvious that any plausible theory of rationality should be expected to be applicable to such situations. However, this is not true for the "orthodox" theory of rational choice, as Robert Sugden has convincingly shown. In this paper, I shall argue that this failure is due to an implicit individualistic understanding of intentionality . John R. Searle's concept of collective intentionality (as put forth in his Construction of Social Reality ) and his more recent theory of Rationality in Action provides important conceptual tools pertaining to a more comprehensive theory of rationality. The account I shall develop differs from Searle's own, as for reasons to be found in his overall project, Searle's departure from the orthodox view of rationality gets stuck half-way. 相似文献
904.
Hans Risselada Peter C. Verhoef Tammo H.A. Bijmolt 《Journal of Interactive Marketing》2010,24(3):198-208
In this paper, we study the staying power of various churn prediction models. Staying power is defined as the predictive performance of a model in a number of periods after the estimation period. We examine two methods, logit models and classification trees, both with and without applying a bagging procedure. Bagging consists of averaging the results of multiple models that have each been estimated on a bootstrap sample from the original sample. We test the models using customer data of two firms from different industries, namely the internet service provider and insurance markets. The results show that the classification tree in combination with a bagging procedure outperforms the other three methods. It is shown that the ability to identify high risk customers of this model is similar for the in-period and one-period-ahead forecasts. However, for all methods the staying power is rather low, as the predictive performance deteriorates considerably within a few periods after the estimation period. This is due to the fact that both the parameter estimates change over time and the fact that the variables that are significant differ between periods. Our findings indicate that churn models should be adapted regularly. We provide a framework for database analysts to reconsider their methods used for churn modeling and to assess for how long they can use an estimated model. 相似文献
905.
We propose a new dynamic copula model in which the parameter characterizing dependence follows an autoregressive process. As this model class includes the Gaussian copula with stochastic correlation process, it can be viewed as a generalization of multivariate stochastic volatility models. Despite the complexity of the model, the decoupling of marginals and dependence parameters facilitates estimation. We propose estimation in two steps, where first the parameters of the marginal distributions are estimated, and then those of the copula. Parameters of the latent processes (volatilities and dependence) are estimated using efficient importance sampling. We discuss goodness‐of‐fit tests and ways to forecast the dependence parameter. For two bivariate stock index series, we show that the proposed model outperforms standard competing models. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
906.
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908.
Hans Münzner 《Scandinavian actuarial journal》2013,2013(3-4):279-287
Abstract In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden im Anschluss an Arbeiten von K. Pearson [8]1, A. Guldberg [5], Birger Meidell, [2], C. Lurquin [7], A. Camp [3], P. O. Berge [1]. M. Fréchet [4] u. a. weitere Versohärfungen des Tschebycheffschen Theorems behandelt und am Beispiel der Normalverteilung in ein und mehreren Variabeln durchgeführt. 相似文献
909.
Karin Brolin Hans von Holst 《International journal of injury control and safety promotion》2013,20(1):40-52
Neck injuries are one of the most important injuries as they have the potential to influence the spinal cord. Data from most parts of the world are not sufficient to define a comprehensive view of mortality, morbidity, disability and handicap due to neck injuries. In Sweden, there are no data on the incidence of neck injuries. The aim of this study is to define the national incidence and causes of neck injuries in Sweden. An incidence study was undertaken with data from the injury surveillance program at the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. The investigation includes cervical vertebral fractures reported between 1987 and 1999, and cervical soft tissue injuries over a period of three years, from 1997 to 1999. Data between 1987 and 1996 were reported in ICD 9, while data from 1997 to 1999 were reported in ICD 10. During the study period, 14,310 non-fatal and 782 fatal cervical injuries occurred. A decreasing incidence for cervical fractures can be seen for the Swedish population, except for the elderly that have a slight increase in incidence. The incidence for cervical soft tissue injuries is almost constant. Cervical fractures demand longer periods of hospitalization than the soft tissue injuries. Transportation-related cervical fractures have dropped since 1991, while soft tissue injuries increased slowly between 1997 and 1999. Fall accidents are now the largest external cause of cervical fractures, and the population above 65 years accounts for almost 50% of the fall accidents. The male population has a higher incidence of cervical fractures, disregarding age. It is concluded that safety programs for transportation-related injuries in Sweden have been successful, while fall accidents are still substantial. Much more can be done to prevent neck injuries; especially to reduce the number of transportation-related cervical soft tissue injuries and fall injuries in the elderly population. 相似文献
910.
The potential paradigmatic shift in technology from the internal combustion engine to electric propulsion via hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) has been addressed by most automakers, and has produced very different outcomes. This paper uses the framework of core capabilities to discuss how the small automaker, Volvo Cars, made substantial progress in its HEV development using an approach based on limited resources and a low risk. A comparison with Toyota's successful but very resource‐demanding Prius project reveals some factors contributing towards rapid development in a context of limited resources, including focused project objectives, tight collaboration with suppliers of the new technologies, reuse of existing technologies and an unaggressive, bottom‐up approach to change the firm's values and norms and other core capability dimensions. This paper provides an empirical illustration of how a small company in a mature industry worked with radical innovation in a development project drawing on the combination of organizational slack, entrepreneurial employees and an extensive use of external (knowledge) suppliers. 相似文献