全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1735篇 |
免费 | 53篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 252篇 |
工业经济 | 91篇 |
计划管理 | 336篇 |
经济学 | 390篇 |
综合类 | 7篇 |
运输经济 | 11篇 |
旅游经济 | 22篇 |
贸易经济 | 282篇 |
农业经济 | 67篇 |
经济概况 | 330篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 18篇 |
2020年 | 31篇 |
2019年 | 41篇 |
2018年 | 54篇 |
2017年 | 52篇 |
2016年 | 47篇 |
2015年 | 31篇 |
2014年 | 43篇 |
2013年 | 220篇 |
2012年 | 65篇 |
2011年 | 67篇 |
2010年 | 64篇 |
2009年 | 72篇 |
2008年 | 63篇 |
2007年 | 80篇 |
2006年 | 53篇 |
2005年 | 48篇 |
2004年 | 45篇 |
2003年 | 39篇 |
2002年 | 37篇 |
2001年 | 32篇 |
2000年 | 28篇 |
1999年 | 35篇 |
1998年 | 28篇 |
1997年 | 27篇 |
1996年 | 20篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 14篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 16篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 22篇 |
1979年 | 17篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1975年 | 13篇 |
1971年 | 9篇 |
1967年 | 8篇 |
1963年 | 11篇 |
1962年 | 8篇 |
1961年 | 11篇 |
1960年 | 10篇 |
排序方式: 共有1788条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
The present article discusses the problem of separating the motivation conceptempirically from other relevant concepts in research on mass media audiences.For about half a century, audience researchers use questionnaire items with adistinct format as measurements of motivations for media exposure. It isargued that these motivation items grammatically reflect the nature of themotivation concept as a theoretically intermediate variable between behaviourand its social or mental background, thus constituting the most plausibleindicators of the concept. However, it is also argued that these questionnaireitems are double-barrelled and that any measurement of motivations based onthe items can largely be considered an ambiguous mixture of behaviour and itssocial or mental origin. A study is presented that provides empirical support for this position. 相似文献
62.
Summary Neo-classical economic theory shows that managed trade or protectionism is (almost) always welfare decreasing. However, measurements of the welfare costs of protectionism based on neo-classical models seem to suggest that these costs are quite small. We discuss general new insights and developments in the theory, policy and empiricism of international trade. The observation that intra-industry trade and the services sector are important has led to a shift in theory away from constant returns to scale and perfect competition towards economies of scale and scope, externalities, market imperfections, and imperfect competition. Although this, in principle, opens the door to beneficial government intervention in the economic process, we emphasize that the true costs of protection can potentially be much higher than is generally acknowledged as a result of the above mentioned shift.We would like to thank, without implicating, Martin Fase, Harry Garretsen, Catrinus Jepma, Simon Kuipers, Ger Lanjouw, Tenn Schmidt, Albert de Vaal, and Jean-Marie Viaene for stimulating conversations and useful suggestions. We thank Thijs Knaap for excellent research assistance. 相似文献
63.
Measures of national product can be misleading because there is nonmarket production. There are also distortions due to transactional activities, which are expenditures to support transactions, not actual output consumed. For 1950–89, this study recalculates output for the United States, adjusting for transactional activities and nonmarket production. Due to relatively rapid growth in transactional activities, GNP overstates output growth in the 1950s; because there was slow expansion of transactional activities in the early 1970s, GNP understates actual output. Since 1974, increases in transactional activities and shifts to market production lead GNP to exaggerate improvement of "actual" output per capita. 相似文献
64.
65.
66.
A multivariate measurement error model AXB is considered. The errors in [A,B] are rowwise independent, but within each row the errors may be correlated. Some of the columns are observed without errors, and in addition the error covariance matrices may differ from row to row. The total covariance structure of the errors is supposed to be known up to a scalar factor. The fully weighted total least squares estimator of X is studied, which in the case of normal errors coincides with the maximum likelihood estimator. We give mild conditions for weak and strong consistency of the estimator, when the number of rows in A increases. The results generalize the conditions of Gallo given for a univariate homoscedastic model (where B is a vector), and extend the conditions of Gleser given for the multivariate homoscedastic model. We derive the objective function for the estimator and propose an iteratively reweighted numerical procedure.Acknowledgements.A. Kukush is supported by a postdoctoral research fellowship of the Belgian office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs, promoting Scientific and Technical Collaboration with Central and Eastern Europe. S. Van Huffel is a full professor with the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. This paper presents research results of the Belgian Programme on Interuniversity Poles of Attraction (IUAP Phase V-22), initiated by the Belgian State, Prime Ministers Office-Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs, of the Concerted Research Action (GOA) projects of the Flemish Government MEFISTO-666 (Mathematical Engineering for Information and Communication Systems Technology), of the IDO/99/03 project (K.U. Leuven) Predictive computer models for medical classification problems using patient data and expert knowledge, of the FWO projects G.0200.00, G.0078.01 and G.0270.02. The scientific responsibility is assumed by its authors. The authors would like to thank Maria Luisa Rastello and Amedeo Premoli for bringing the EW-TLS problem to their attention. The authors are grateful to two anonymous referees for the valuable comments. 相似文献
67.
68.
69.
70.