2009,中国人眼中的跨国公司

<正>经过在中国近30年的发展,跨国公司不仅正在由外来的经济因素逐步融合为中国经济的有机组成部分,同时,对中国消费者日常生活的方方面面产生了广泛而深远的影响。自2008年开始,《环球企业家》杂志携手全球领先的     

“奥尔森困境”与我国农村公路供给

农村公路是农村地区最主要的甚至是某些地区唯一的运输通道,是支撑农业和农民发展的必要力量,对促进农村地区经济和社会发展具有重要的推动作用,文章在分析我国农村公路供给现状的基础上,认为我国农村公路供给存在奥尔森困境,即农村居民认为修建公路会使总体福利增加,但又不愿付出成本,不愿为增进总体福利采取集体行动,在对这一集体行动的逻辑进行分析之后,提出了相应的对策和建议。     

Learning equilibrium mean-variance strategy

We study a dynamic mean-variance portfolio optimization problem under the reinforcement learning framework, where an entropy regularizer is introduced to induce exploration. Due to the time–inconsistency involved in a mean-variance criterion, we aim to learn an equilibrium policy. Under an incomplete market setting, we obtain a semi-analytical, exploratory, equilibrium mean-variance policy that turns out to follow a Gaussian distribution. We then focus on a Gaussian mean return model and propose a reinforcement learning algorithm to find the equilibrium policy. Thanks to a thoroughly designed policy iteration procedure in our algorithm, we prove the convergence of our algorithm under mild conditions, despite that dynamic programming principle and the usual policy improvement theorem failing to hold for an equilibrium policy. Numerical experiments are given to demonstrate our algorithm. The design and implementation of our reinforcement learning algorithm apply to a general market setup.     

Azéma martingales for Bessel and CIR processes and the pricing of Parisian zero‐coupon bonds

In this paper, we study the excursions of Bessel and Cox–Ingersoll–Ross (CIR) processes with dimensions . We obtain densities for the last passage times and meanders of the processes. Using these results, we prove a variation of the Azéma martingale for the Bessel and CIR processes based on excursion theory. Furthermore, we study their Parisian excursions, and generalize previous results on the Parisian stopping time of Brownian motion to that of the Bessel and CIR processes. We obtain explicit formulas and asymptotic results for the densities of the Parisian stopping times, and develop exact simulation algorithms to sample the Parisian stopping times of Bessel and CIR processes. We introduce a new type of bond, the zero‐coupon Parisian bond. The buyer of such a bond is betting against zero interest rates, while the seller is effectively hedging against a period where interest rates fluctuate around 0. Using our results, we propose two methods for pricing these bonds and provide numerical examples.     

西安地铁列车运行控制节能技术研究

通过概述我国城市轨道交通的能源消耗情况,提出研究西安地铁列车运行控制节能技术的思路,分信号系统调通前和调通后比较列车实际运行与牵引计算软件模拟运行的结果,提出西安地铁2号线在高峰时段采用节能模式运营,在非高峰时段采用降速模式运营,节能效果较好。研究列车运行控制节能技术的发展趋势,提出充分利用再生制动能量是行车组织节能的最有效途径,并对再生制动利用进行量化分析。     

论大学生思想道德教育的根本途径

由于社会转型、学校教育的缺陷及家庭影响,当代大学生在思想政治、道德素质、心理素质方面出现一些问题.大学生思想道德教育的根本途径在于回归现实生活,即注重联系现实生活教育、培养道德情感、引导思想道德能力的提高.     

探讨无人值守自动发卡机在高速公路收费站的应用

目前,我国高速公路网络发展迅速,给人们带来交通便利的同时,也产生了许多问题。如何提高对高速公路各路段的综合管理水平,充分发挥路网中各高速公路之间快捷、畅通的通行优势,最大限度地降低人为干扰因素,已成为摆在高速公路管理者面前的一项新的研究课题。为此,尽快实现联网收费成为交通管理部门的重要工作目标之一。文章从工程应用的角度,对当前高速公路收费站应用无人值守自动发卡机工作流程的特点和通信过程中可能遇到的问题进行详细分析。     

浅谈经济危机下会计集中核算制度的优与劣

几年前发生的经济危机,会计集中核算制度充分发挥了社会主义的优势.会计集中核算在杜绝腐败、资金合法使用、有效管理资金方面起到了重要作用.但是,本文对会计核算集中制度存在着一些缺陷,提出了自己的建议以供参考.     

A contrast analysis of online hotel web service purchasers and browsers

Ever since the introduction of Internet technology to general business, websites have played an important role in the business and promotional efforts of hotels. However, the existing tourism and hospitality literature contains only a limited number of articles that examine the perceived importance of the different attributes of a hotel website. This paper reports a study that analyzed the different perceptions of specific hotel website attributes between online purchasers and browsers and between Western and Asian users. The empirical findings reveal a set of attributes that are the most important in developing effective hotel websites. The findings also indicate the necessity of designing English- and Chinese-language hotel websites differently, based on the significant differences in the responses obtained from these two groups of online users.     

我国电信行业三网融合问题研究

随着信息技术和我国信息产业的发展,电信网、因特网、有线电视网的三网融合已成必然趋势.文章介绍了国外国家三网融合的经验,分析了我国三网融合的现状与存在的主要问题,提出应打破行业垄断,尽快使单一运营商向综合信息服务商转型.