Foreign direct investment in an underdeveloped European economy — the Republic of Ireland

This paper examines the role of foreign direct investment in the setting of the Republic of Ireland, and comes to the firm conclusion that the unbridled accommodation of foreign capital initiated since 1958 and still in vogue, offers important obstacles to long-term socio-economic and political development in the country.     

The Impact of Natural Disasters on Third World Agriculture: An Exploratory Survey of the Need for Some New Dimensions in Development Planning*

Abstract . This is essentially an exploration of the available information on the effects of natural disasters on Third World agriculture. These effects are a powerful partial explanation of the lack of agricultural self-sufficiency in a large number of low income countries; and consequently go some way in explaining the occurrence of hunger and poverty in such countries. The paper argues for the systematic collection of economic data on disasters and its analysis and for the establishment of agricultural planning mechanisms in natural disaster-prone developing countries, to mitigate the adverse effects of such disasters. The mechanisms should be linked to national development planning. The paper also sets out the need for international action on a continuing basis in this field.     

Foreign Capital and Development Strategy in Irish Industrialization, 1958–70

A bstract . In the 1930s the government of the Irish Republic instituted an import substitution economic development strategy to diversify economic activity. This potential was later exhausted. In 1958 a new strategy was adopted, emphasizing the use of foreign capital and reliance on the external market. It yielded many benefits, detailed in this paper, but involved a number of shortcomings associated with multinational corporations when they operate in less developed countries. These are specified. Current policy since 1973 seeks to mobilize local resources and promises mitigation of some of the problems. But it is not adequate to reduce some of the central problems arising from the reliance on foreign capital.     

危险废物的环境风险评价探讨

论述了环境风险评价的基本概念及一般程序.探讨了危险废物处置设施建设项目环境风险评价并提出建议.     

The role of tourism in the economy of Scotland

This paper examines the economic impacts of tourism on the Scottish economy. Three study areas were defined on the basis of economic characteristics: the north of Scotland; the central lowlands (which generate more than half the total economic benefits attributable to tourist spending); and the south of Scotland. Financial information was obtained from businessmen involved in tourist-related industry. In 1980 about £231 million (35% of tourist spending) was retained as income to Scottish residents, and tourism was responsible for, directly and indirectly, over 100000 jobs. The ‘multiplier’ effect generates income, employment and tax revenues beyond the immediate tourist system. This summary of economic estimates should be of value to tourism planners.     

Tourism in the highlands and islands of Scotland rewards and conflicts

The paper examines the impact that tourism might be expected to have on peripheral regions, with a particular focus on the Highlands and Islands of Scotland while also drawing on the recorded experience of other areas. Tourism is evaluated as an economic, social, cultural, and political force to allow an assessment of its impact on the host community. The article recognizes that tourism may inevitably be associated with both costs and benefits in the same community and concludes that in order to ensure the most appropriate form of tourism, its development should be through local initiatives and consistent with local values.     

金融危机下粤港经济合作依赖性分析及对策

经过改革开放30年的发展,广东经济增长迅速,与香港差距不断缩小,粤港之前的合作模式已经不适应新形势下双方需要,粤港合作凸显不和谐因素:竞争加剧、产业链脱节、产品附加值低等问题。金融危机对粤港经济冲撞很大,粤港需继续加强合作,形成新的合作模式,构建高附加值的产业链,共同对抗金融风暴。