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131.
Margaret Tierney 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2013,25(3):245-278
This paper traces the evolution of two standards, Def Stan 00-55 and 00-56, regualtin the identification and productin of safety-critical software for defence applications, issued by the Ministry of Defence (MoD) as interim standards in 1991. The standards—00-55, in particular—have become an important forum for articulating the interests of those who work in the UK safety-critical software engineering field; a debate which has largely revolved around the intergral role 00-55 demands for formal methods of sofware development for safety-critical functions or components. In recounting the stor of their gestation within the MoD during the early 1980s; their controversial release in draft form in 1989; and their subsequent second release as interim standards in 1991, the aim has been to illuminate some of the current ‘politics’ of formal methods of software production, and to consider how the standards are reshaping the discipline of software engineering. 相似文献
132.
133.
The Year-Book of Agricultural Cooperation, 1940, which has just been published by the Horace Plunkett Foundation (1) contains a detailed and extremely competent study on agricultural cooperation in the eastern part of the United States by Miss Margaret Digby, Secretary of the Foundation. The study is based on personal experience collected by the author during a tour in the spring of 1939.
We reproduce below the last chapter of this study in which Miss Digby summarises some of her observations. 相似文献
We reproduce below the last chapter of this study in which Miss Digby summarises some of her observations. 相似文献
134.
Wen-Chih Chen Mary Margaret Rogers 《International Journal of Sustainable Transportation》2019,13(1):24-35
In this article, we use the data of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) trucking industry to illustrate a new analysis framework based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) using the concept of the triple bottom line to show the internal tradeoffs among economic, environmental and social issues within individual Decision Making Unit (DMU). We evaluate the various efficiencies of each national trucking industry by comparing it to its peers and develop indices that allow us to investigate the internal tradeoffs among the three areas of the triple bottom line. These measures help us understand how each country can choose to emphasize certain inputs and outputs to increase efficiency. The framework can be extended to other applications. 相似文献
135.
Usslepp Thomas Awanis Sandra Hogg Margaret K Daryanto Ahmad 《Journal of Business Ethics》2022,176(3):533-533
Journal of Business Ethics - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-021-04780-w 相似文献
136.
Margaret S. Sherraden Julie Birkenmaier J. Michael Collins 《The Journal of consumer affairs》2019,53(3):869-876
This essay explores the potential for social workers and other human services professionals to build the financial capability of vulnerable populations. These professionals routinely work with the financially vulnerable and are uniquely positioned to provide basic financial guidance and support. Their education in human development, family dynamics, organizational and community functioning, and social policy prepares them to be key partners in creating solutions to financial vulnerability. However, human service professionals need additional training. Although there has been significant progress in developing curricula, additional resources, such as assessment models and practice tools for serving specific populations, would facilitate financial practice. Academic degree programs and continuing education in financial capability must be developed, along with greater clarification about career pathways and credentialing. Building the financial capability of vulnerable families is an ambitious agenda, but one that is essential to well‐being in the 21st century. 相似文献
137.
Margaret G. O'Donnell 《The Journal of economic education》2013,44(4):59-64
Harriet Martineau was one of the most widely read economic educators of the nineteenth century. This article examines Martineau's Illustrations of Political Economy, 1832–1834. Her work is reviewed in general, and one of the tales used by her to teach economics is analyzed in greater detail. 相似文献
138.
This paper proposes and empirically examines a conceptual framework for investigating the dimensionality and determinants of pay satisfaction. Satisfaction with group incentive plans is found to be a distinct dimension of the multidimensional pay satisfaction construct, whereas procedural justice and pay for performance perception are found to be its significant determinants. Cross-cultural comparisons are made using data collected from a multinational firm's employees in the US and Hong Kong. National culture is found to have direct and moderating effects on pay satisfaction. Implications for academics and human resource managers are discussed. 相似文献
139.
The understanding of the antecedent conditions influencing the design of management accounting systems (MASs) is very limited. In recent years, significant research attention has been devoted to understanding how different strategic priorities influence these systems. However, the results of these studies have been, at best, equivocal and numerous calls have been made for further research to “unravel” the conflicts that have emerged in the literature. The purpose of this study is to examine not only the relation between strategy and MAS but also to develop a theoretical model to explain how and why this relation exists. The model draws on Galbraith [Galbraith, J. (1973). Designing complex organisations. Reading: Addison-Wesley] to develop a theoretical argument concerning the inter-relations among customization, interdependence and MAS. We are particularly interested in assessing whether the relation between customization and MAS is a direct one or whether the relation operates via interdependence. The results indicate that customization affects MAS via interdependence, rather than directly. The study of 170 production and sales managers further revealed little difference in MAS use between production and sales managers facing similar amounts of customization or interdependence. 相似文献
140.
On estimating the option value of preserving a wilderness area 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Margaret Forsyth 《The Canadian journal of economics》2000,33(2):413-434
In this paper option pricing theory is used to analyse whether or not to preserve a wilderness area. A numerical approach is demonstrated that can be applied to any generalized stochastic process. The impact of assuming that amenity value follows a logistic process, rather than geometric Brownian motion, is considered. The calculation of critical levels for amenity value necessary to justify preserving a wilderness area such as the Killarney Provincial Park in Ontario or the Headwaters Forest in California is demonstrated. The impact of changing the assumed growth and volatility of amenity value is also examined. JEL Classifcation: D81 Q26
Ce mémoire utilise la théorie de la tarification d'une option pour analyser si on doit préserver un espace naturel. On utilise une approche numérique qui peut être appliquée à tout processus stochastique généralisé. On examine l'impact de possibilités que le profil de la valeur de la ressource dans la temps suive un processus logistique plutôt qu'un pattern géométrique de type Brownien. Le texte montre le calcul des niveaux critiques de la valeur de la ressource qui seraient nécessaires pour justifier la préservation d'une espace naturel comme le parc provincial Killarney en Ontario ou les forêts Headwaters en Californie. L'impact de postulats différents quant à la croissance et à la volatilité de la valeur de la ressource est examiné. 相似文献
Ce mémoire utilise la théorie de la tarification d'une option pour analyser si on doit préserver un espace naturel. On utilise une approche numérique qui peut être appliquée à tout processus stochastique généralisé. On examine l'impact de possibilités que le profil de la valeur de la ressource dans la temps suive un processus logistique plutôt qu'un pattern géométrique de type Brownien. Le texte montre le calcul des niveaux critiques de la valeur de la ressource qui seraient nécessaires pour justifier la préservation d'une espace naturel comme le parc provincial Killarney en Ontario ou les forêts Headwaters en Californie. L'impact de postulats différents quant à la croissance et à la volatilité de la valeur de la ressource est examiné. 相似文献