The evaluation of a surveillance system for violent and non-intentional injury mortality in Colombian cities

Since 2002, the Institute for Peace Promotion and Injury/Violence Prevention (CISALVA) at the Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and the Colombia Program at Georgetown University have developed and implemented 21 epidemiologically based municipal crime observatories in intermediate-sized municipalities in Colombia. These crime observatories serve as monitoring centres that provide low cost, geo-referenced methods of data collection and analysis, which allow cities to develop more responsive policies and prevention programmes and enhance governance. This article focuses on the methodology employed and lessons learned that may be applicable to similar settings. Worth noting within the results was a significant decrease in homicides after the first year of the programme. Whether or not such results could be attributed to the method or to the nature of the interventions and policy initiatives stemming from it remains open to conjecture.     

房地产投资决策中实物期权方法的应用

传统的净现值投资决策方法将不确定性视为一种损失,忽略了项目投资的灵活性和战略性,往往造成项目价值的低估,而实物期权弥补了NPV法的不足。本文将实物期权方法}J入房地产投资决策中,对比分析了传统净现值法的一些不足,介绍了实物期权的基本理论,并采用了B-S期权定价模型对房地产投资决策过程中蕴含的迟延期权进行了案例分析。     

Investigating the gap between citizens' sustainability attitudes and food purchasing behaviour: empirical evidence from Brazilian pork consumers

Consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with sustainable production and consumption. Recently, a comprehensive study ranked 17 countries in regard to their environmentally friendly behaviour among consumers. Brazil was one of the top countries in the list. Yet, several studies highlight significant differences between consumers' intentions to consume ethically, and their actual purchase behaviour: the so‐called ‘Attitude‐Behaviour Gap’. In developing countries, few studies have been conducted on this issue. The objective of this study is therefore to investigate the gap between citizens' sustainability‐related attitudes and food purchasing behaviour using empirical data from Brazil. To this end, Brazilian citizens' attitudes towards pig production systems were mapped through conjoint analysis and their coexistence with relevant pork product‐related purchasing behaviour of consumers was investigated through cluster analysis. The conjoint experiment was carried out with empirical data collected from 475 respondents surveyed in the South and Center‐West regions of Brazil. The results of the conjoint analysis were used for a subsequent cluster analysis in order to identify clusters of Brazilian citizens with diversified attitudes towards pig production systems, using socio‐demographics, attitudes towards sustainability‐related themes that are expected to influence the way they evaluate pig production systems, and consumption frequency of various pork products as clusters' background information. Three clusters were identified as ‘indifferent’, ‘environmental conscious’ and ‘sustainability‐oriented’ citizens. Although attitudes towards environment and nature had indeed an influence on citizens' specific attitudes towards pig farming at the cluster level, the relationship between ‘citizenship’ and consumption behaviour was found to be weak. This finding is similar to previous research conducted with European consumers: what people (in their role of citizens) think about pig production systems does not appear to significantly influence their pork consumption choices. Improvements in the integrated management of this chain would better meet consumers' sustainability‐related expectations towards pig production systems.     

高效液相色谱法同时检测染发剂中3种二氨基酚类物质

建立了采用高效液相色谱法同时检测染发剂中3种二氨基酚类物质含量的方法。样品经0．1％甲酸水溶液提取,正己烷净化后,用ZORBAXEclipsePlusC8色谱柱进行分离,流动相为甲醇、乙腈和0．2％庚烷磺酸钠水溶液,梯度洗脱。分离后采用紫外检测器进行检测,外标法定量。在优化实验条件下,3种化合物的线性范围为0．2—10．0mg／L,相关系数均大于0．998。3种二氨基酚类化合物的检出限为0．1mg／L,定量下限为0．2mg／L,加标平均回收率为76．0％-109．8％,相对标准偏差均不高于7．9％。该方法灵敏度高、操作简单高效,适用于染发剂中3种二氨基酚类物质的检测。     

Environmental impacts of changes to healthier diets in Europe

Food consumption causes, together with mobility, shelter and the use of electrical products, most life cycle impacts of consumption. Meat and dairy are among the highest contributors to environmental impacts from food consumption. A healthier diet might have less environmental impacts. Using the E3IOT environmentally extended input output database developed in an EU study on Environmental Impacts of Products (EIPRO), this paper estimates the difference in impacts between the European status quo and three simulated diet baskets, i.e. a pattern according to universal dietary recommendations, the same pattern with reduced meat consumption, and a ‘Mediterranean’ pattern with reduced meat consumption. Production technologies, protein and energy intake were kept constant. Though this implies just moderate dietary shifts, impact reductions of up to 8% were possible in reduced meat scenarios. The slightly changed food costs do not lead to significant first order rebound effects. Second order rebounds were estimated by applying the CAPRI partial equilibrium model. This analysis showed that European meat production sector will most likely respond by higher exports to compensate for losses on the domestic meat market. Higher impact reductions probably would need more drastic diet changes.     

战略性贸易政策在中国的适用性分析

在美国次贷危机冲击之下,全球经济陷入低迷,美国等发达国家纷纷采用战略性贸易政策调整本国经济.本文从美国实践该战略的结果出发初步分析这一战略在中国的适用性.     

在数学建模中培养学生创新性思维及建议

本文论述了数学建模对培养学生创新能力、提高综合素质的重要作用,指出大学生创新性思维能力的培养是数学建模活动的核心目标,对在数学建模活动中如何培养学生的创新性思维能力作了讨论,并根据学校开设数学建模课程及参加数学建模竞赛活动的现状,就如何提高数学建模成绩提出了一些建议.     

垄断竞争市场下的中国银行卡产业收单费定价研究

通过全面综述银行卡产业的主要定价理论以及国内研究现状,本文首次对中国银行卡产业收单市场的收单费定价问题进行规范性研究.在放松收单市场完全竞争的假定下,结合经济学效用函数理论思想,运用双边市场理论,通过建立统一定价与差别定价模型,研究如何定价能使效用最大化.研究表明:在收单费定价时,不仅应该根据成本原则调整收单费在扣率的比例,而且要细分不同的行业类别、卡基支付工具、经济区域以及消费习惯观念等影响因子,从而实现收单市场的效用最大化.     

论旅游线路的文化品味提升:基于非物质文化遗产的视角——以珠三角为例

通过广州、深圳、佛山、东莞和中山五城市旅游线路的调查,非物质文化遗产作为一种较高级别的旅游资源未得到旅行社的足够重视。针对国内旅游线路缺乏创新,欠缺文化内涵的现状,对旅行社的旅游线路进行改造,融入非物质文化遗产的项目,旨在通过提升线路文化品味的同时促进非物质文化遗产的传承和发展。