Home and away: Why do consumers shy away from reporting negative experiences in the peer‐to‐peer realms?

This study investigates how customers use their construct of “home” in evaluating their experience in peer‐to‐peer rented accommodation, as opposed to traditional hotels. The literature has paid considerable attention to people's perceptions of destinations, but almost none to their perceptions of “home” and its complexities whilst visiting a destination. We examine the relationships between the concepts of “home” or “here” represented in peer‐to‐peer accommodation and the construct of “away” or “there” represented in traditional hotels. A mixed‐method approach determines the existence of bias in reporting behavior. Our findings indicate that there is a consistent review gap between institutional actors and peer‐to‐peer actors. Also, consumers of peer‐to‐peer accommodation prefer not to engage in negative reporting if a bond with the host is developed. This perception of a home shapes consumers' relationship with the host and leads to reporting bias. This study provides clear theoretical insights to advance our knowledge about the underlying motives behind reporting behavior of negative experiences. Furthermore, it offers practical implications for both institutional and peer‐to‐peer contexts.     

Technology-assisted tolerance education at elementary schools within the framework of inspector qualifications

The importance of tolerance is being seen as an essential virtue in contemporary societies and in this paper Cyprus sample was chosen as regards tolerance education. The two peoples of Cyprus with different language and religion but the same culture (Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots) thought that only politics could solve the deadlock after the 1974 war and the fact that the two peoples could be converged with education, especially tolerance education, was ignored. In this paper the intention is to approach tolerance education especially on the basis of education management for which reason inspectors are chosen as the study group. It was based on the execution of tolerance education with contemporary teaching approaches, especially in a technology-assisted manner. As a result, the research question was determined as “what is the status of technology-assisted tolerance education in elementary schools in Cyprus within the framework of inspector qualifications?” This is a qualitative research based on case study model. Participants of the study were chosen on a purposive-sampling and convenience-sampling basis. Thus, the sampling of the research consists of 20 educators (inspector, school manager, teacher and scholar) in Northern and Southern Cyprus in 2016–2017 spring semester. Ten of the educators were chosen from Northern Cyprus and the other 10 were chosen from Southern Cyprus. Data collection method used in this paper is “semi-structured interview” technique. Content analysis technique was used in the examination of the data collected in this research. A closer look at the research findings show that the opinions as regards usage of technology in tolerance education in elementary school are as follows: “preparation and usage of different materials in tolerance education”, “usage of positive examples of technology-assisted tolerance education outside Cyprus” and “including both technology and tolerance in every step of education programs”. When different opinions are taken into consideration, Greek Cypriots stated that awareness should be raised in children in environments without tolerance with technology-assisted education. Turkish Cypriots, on the other hand, emphasized that all stakeholders in education should have a technology-friend educator identity and in order to offer tolerance education their level of tolerance should be high in the first place.

     

Union relevance in the Malaysian labour market

The study estimates the effect of union membership on workers' wages using individual‐level data from a survey conducted among employees in various sectors in Malaysia in 2012. Initial results show that union membership has a positive effect on wages. However, after controlling for endogeneity, union membership or the presence of a labour union within a firm is not statistically significant for individual wage levels. Because there is no trade union wage premium, the study suggests that the revival of labour union membership is not going to be an easy task.     

Poverty Dynamics in Turkey

This paper examines poverty dynamics in Turkey using a nationally representative panel data covering the 2005–08 period. The aim is to understand mobility in and out of poverty and its correlates. We find that almost a quarter of the poor are persistently poor. The conditional and unconditional exit rates that we estimate are within the range of values reported for developed countries in the literature. That the income events—but not transfers—dominate both poverty entries and exits is indicative of the major role labor markets play in the lives of the poor. In particular, we argue that given the characteristics of the poor and modest levels of social assistance, the reason for mobility rates close to European averages must be sought in the informal economy.     

The Effect of Psychological Climate on Job Outcomes: Evidence from the Airline Industry

This study develops and tests a research model that investigates whether psychological climate, as manifested through perceived management concern for frontline employees and passengers, influences creative performance and lateness attitude through career satisfaction. Data obtained from ground staff members with a one-week time lag in three waves and their supervisors in a low-cost airline company in Turkey were used to gauge these relationships. The results suggest that ground staff members are satisfied with their career in the current organization and therefore display creative performance and reduced lateness attitude. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in the paper.     

Agro-Climatic Conditions and Regional Technical Inefficiencies in Agriculture

A survey of applications of the Technical Inefficiency Effects (TIE) model suggests that agro‐climatic and other environment variables are customarily omitted in the model specifications. The justification for such an omission is the assumption that these variables are beyond the control of the farmers and therefore should be treated as random variables. In this paper, we argue that in applications dealing with regional agricultural data, agro‐climatic variables should not be treated as pure random terms. Historical differences in agro‐climatic conditions are known with a reasonable degree of certainty across a larger region. Therefore, omission of such variables from the analysis may lead to inaccurate interregional technical inefficiency comparisons. In order to demonstrate the importance of agro‐climatic variables in such analyses, we estimate the TIE model for Turkey. A translog stochastic frontier production function with agro‐climatic variables such as rainfall and land quality is estimated, and it is shown not only that the agro‐climatic variables are statistically significant but also that their omission substantially affects mean output elasticities and relative technical efficiencies. Une étude sur les applications du modèle de l'effet d'inefficacité technique (EIT) laisse à supposer que les variables agro‐climatiques et les autres variables environnementales sont comme d'habitude omises dans les spécifications du modèle. Une telle omission est justifiée par l'hypothèse selon laquelle ces variables sont en dehors du contrôle des fermiers et devraient être considérées comme des variables aléatoires. Dans ce communiqué, nous affirmons que dans les applications concernant les données agricoles régionales, ces variables agro‐climatiques ne doivent pas être traitées comme de simples termes aléatoires. Les différences historiques dans les conditions agro‐climatiques sont connues avec un degré raisonnable de certitudes pour une grande région. Aussi l'omission de telles variables dans l'analyse peut‐elle donner lieu à de fausses comparaisons interrégionales d'inefficacité technique. Afin de démontrer l'importance des variables agro‐climatiques dans de telles analyses, nous considérons le modèle de l'effet d'inefficacité techniques de la Turquie. II s'agit d'une fonction de production frontalière translogue et stochastique avec des variables agro‐climatiques telles que la pluviosité, la qualité de sol et d'autres variables. Nous démontrons que les variables agro‐climatiques sont non seulement importantes statistiquement, mais que leur omission influence essentiellement les élasticités moyennes de production ainsi que les efficacités techniques relatives.     

Globalised management and local labour: the case of the white‐goods industry in Turkey

This paper is concerned with the situation where goods are produced by workers in underdeveloped countries, in this case, consumer durables, under the direction of managements which have access to modern management techniques. In particular, it considers the significance of new management methods, especially Total Quality Management, for workers employed in white‐goods manufacture in Turkey.     

The Determinants of Labour Supply and Demand in Irrigated Agriculture: A Case Study of the Gezira Scheme in Sudan*

Abstract: The objective of this study was to estimate the determinants of labour supply and demand in irrigated agriculture with reference to the Gezira scheme. Two samples, one comprising the farmers and the other the agricultural workers, were randomly selected through a field survey during the 2003/2004 season. A log‐linear model of multiple regressions was fitted to the data. The results indicated that labour demand and supply depend mostly on variables related to the household characteristics and economic and non‐economic conditions.     

Innovation and weak labour disposability: some theoretical and empirical evidence

This paper envisages theoretically and empirically the weak labour disposability and the ability of labour to innovate in a poor-capital, surplus-labour economy. Therefore, a production function where the marginal product can become zero or even negative has been derived and estimated using data from Suden over the period 1968–88, with quarterly interpolation. Thus, unlike neoclassical specifications of endogenous growth theory, labour withdrawal may have minimal effect on output. The results indicate the presence of weak disposability of labour. The existence of a discernibly low capital–saving technical relationship between labour and capital has been verified using cointegration techniques.     

Shopping motives,store attributes and shopping enjoyment among Malaysian youth

Youth shoppers are an emerging age group that is recognized as a meaningful market segment, yet there is lack of extant shopping enjoyment research explicit to the cohort especially in Malaysia context. This study endeavors to measure shoppers' shopping enjoyment and to explore the effect of both internal and external factors in influencing their shopping enjoyment levels. Shopping motives as the internal contributor is personal-specific while store attributes serve as the external aspect is regarded as situational-specific. By employing hierarchical multiple regression analysis, it was found that anticipated utility dimension from shopping motive variable and enhancement dimension from store attribute variable explained the variance in shopping enjoyment. Narrowing to the two variables identified, anticipated utility (β=0.198) from shopping motives was having more influential power than enhancement derived from store attributes (β=0.163) in explaining shopping enjoyment. The findings assist retailers in enhancing the perceived value of customers.