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The current drought in central and southern Africa has focused attention on issues relating to the provision and supply of potable water. In the case of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe's second city, there is the very real prospect that water supplies may be exhausted before the onset of the next rainy season. This paper explores the background to this problem and shows how poor planning, financial constraints, and political intransigence have failed to keep pace with a policy aimed at the provision of water to the inhabitants in this expanding urban environment Alternative sources of supply. in particular a pipeline to the Zambezi River, are also investigated. 相似文献
156.
Methods of interrelated forecasting of the regional outputs of individual branches, household income, and consumption are
considered. The instrument for the analysis and prediction for the parameters of the region’s economic system is a closed
input-output model based on endogenous indicators of household income and demand. 相似文献
157.
Summary We have studied the choice of mode of payment from a 1987 Dutch household survey. The institutional arrangements of a transaction are a major determinant for the mode of payment, and so is the amount involved. A 10% increase in the sum paid usually leads to a reduction of about 1.3% to 2.3% in the incidence of currency use.Based on De keuze van een betaalmiddel (The Choice of Mode of Payment), (SEO, Amsterdam, 1989), which reports research commissioned by the Postbank, Amsterdam. 相似文献
158.
A. S. Nekrasov Yu. V. Sinyak S. A. Voronina V. V. Semikashev 《Studies on Russian Economic Development》2011,22(1):20-30
The paper overviews the contemporary state of Russia’s heat supply systems and fuel consumption within its centralized part,
the structure of heat consumption by economic sectors and types of industrial consumers. As shown, the centralized heat supply
systems, providing the major part of country’s economy with low temperature heat, have heat losses and accident rate at a
critical level. The state of decentralized heat supply systems of low rise buildings is not covered by national statistics
at all. A second paper on the prospects and development of Russia’s heat supply systems will be published in a subsequent
issue. 相似文献
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160.
RICHARD B. CORBETT 《The Journal of consumer affairs》1978,12(2):373-380
Several indexes for comparing the cost of life insurance policies are currently available. A variety of criticisms of these indexes has been offered. This paper identifies an additional problem: consumers may lack confidence in index values because they do not reconcile with data about company performance (e.g., lapse ratios, returns on invested assets). Analysis results suggest that policy costs are as much a function of actuarial manipulation for marketing advantage as of commonly cited textbook factors (mortality, interest, expenses) and competitive factors (lapse ratio, average policy size). 相似文献