服务业和制造业企业法人绩效比较

本文运用累积分布曲线分析经济普查数据发现,服务业和制造业企业法人相比,前者装备一个劳动力所需的资产量更多;前者的财务和经济效益比后者差;进入前者的投资门槛不比后者低。这些经验证据与大量理论和政策分析中的流行认识存在巨大反差。本文的经验发现提醒我们:在目前国情之下,大量资金投入服务业(尤其是生产性服务业和现代服务业)企业的机会成本,大于投入制造业企业的机会成本。所以,服务业发展应该分门别类、实事求是地推进。把发展服务业作为产业结构“升级”和经济增长方式转变重要途径的看法,也需要进一步深入分析。     

县(市)级土地利用总体规划中耕地需求量预测方法及其应用

科学准确地预测耕地需求量,是制定县(市)级土地利用总体规划的基础.文章根据中国南方某县1996-2005年来的耕地变更调查统计数据,分别采用趋势分析法、回归分析法、指数平滑法、GM(1,1)模型法和灰色-马尔柯夫链模型的方法,对该地区耕地总量进行了模拟和预测.不同方法的预测结果表明,基于灰色-马尔柯夫链方法的预测结果更加准确可靠,更有利于土地管理决策者的经济决策行为.在当前耕地利用方式的背景下,灰色-马尔柯夫链模型可以作为县(市)级土地利用总体规划中耕地需求量预测方法的一种好选择.     

众筹平台对创业融资的影响:前沿研究述评与未来展望

关于众筹平台对创业融资的影响,国内外研究主要集中在同一平台内不同项目之间的特征差异方面,即平台内特征分析,且研究结论并不统一;相较之下,关于不同平台之间的特征差异,即平台间特征,现在才开始受到重视。通过对众筹平台与创业融资前沿研究的系统梳理,一方面针对众筹平台内特征,从资金筹措和资金回报两个层面阐释了影响创业融资成功的关键因素,涉及项目特征、创业者特征、投资者互动等;另一方面,针对众筹平台间特征,从平台类型、平台机制、融资渠道3个层面阐释了影响创业融资成功的关键因素。未来,可以从众筹平台间特征对资金回报的影响、综合平台内和平台间特征对资金筹措的影响、众筹平台动态变化机制等多个角度展开深入研究。     

Investment and the soft budget constraint in China

This paper examines the incentive effects of the soft budget constraint on the investment behavior of firms in general and on the investment-cash flow sensitivity in particular. To this end, we develop a simple model of moral hazard that takes the soft budget constraint into account. Within this moral hazard environment, we show that investment is positively related to the amount of internal funds. We further show that the presence of the soft budget constraint deteriorates the moral hazard problem, thereby making the investment level less sensitive to the amount of internal funds. This is the case irrespective of whether the soft budget constraint renders the firm more or less liquidity constrained. To test the model's empirical implications, we employ data of China's listed companies for the period from 1997 to 2003. We use the share of state ownership as a proxy for the severity of the soft budget constraint. We find strong evidence that firms with larger shares of state ownership exhibit lower investment-cash flow sensitivities than firms with smaller shares of state ownership.     

河南省粮食应急供应链响应能力的理论分析

粮食应急供应链的主要功能是为应对自然灾害和突发事件提供有力的粮食物资保证。河南省是中国重要的粮食主产区之一,在保障国家安全方面具有不可替代的特殊地位,这必然要建立、健全粮食应急供应链。研究粮食应急供应链体系的建设问题,对于提高政府危机管理的水平,增强应对自然灾害和突发事件的能力,具有重要而深远的意义。     

市场导向对物业服务企业绩效的影响——基于组织学习的中介效应研究

以北京、山东、湖南、广东四省市的物业服务企业为样本,借鉴成熟的市场导向量表和组织学习量表设计调查问卷,就物业服务企业市场导向对绩效的影响进行实证研究,结果表明,市场导向对企业绩效有正向的直接作用,同时通过组织学习对企业绩效产生间接的正向作用,即组织学习为不完全中间变量。研究证明,我国物业服务企业实施市场导向战略能够有效提升企业绩效,基于环境和行业发展的独特性,在实施市场导向战略时尤其要注重开展组织学习。     

Decomposition of energy-related CO2 emission over 1991-2006 in China

This paper presents a decomposition analysis of energy-related CO₂ emission in China for the period 1991-2006 divided into three equal time intervals. The complete decomposition method developed by Sun is used to analyze the nature of the four factors: CO₂ intensity, energy intensity, structural changes and economic activity. The results show that economic activity has the largest positive effect in CO₂ emission changes in all the major economic sectors and China has achieved a considerable decrease in CO₂ emission mainly due to the improved energy intensity. However, the impact of CO₂ intensity and structural changes is relatively small. Structural changes only exhibit positive effect to the CO₂ mitigation in agricultural sector, and CO₂ intensity also contributes to the decrease of CO₂ emission in transportation sector. Moreover, a formula about CO₂ mitigation is presented in this paper, which shows that China has made a significant contribution to reducing global CO₂ emission.     

Does high‐speed rail connection really promote local economy? Evidence from China’s Yangtze River Delta

High‐speed rail (HSR) has led to a transportation revolution in China. This paper uses the county‐level panel data of China’s Yangtze River Delta to investigate the effect of HSR connection on local economy. To address the issue of endogenous HSR route placement, we use a straight‐line strategy to construct potential HSR connection variables as instrumental variables of the actual HSR connection. Both the difference‐in‐differences and instrumental variable methods show that HSR connection impedes local economy, especially in peripheral regions. The impediment effect is channeled through population reallocation from peripheral to core areas and the restructuring of industries.     

扩内需 抗风险 保增长 促转型

2008年,美国次贷危机愈演愈烈,不仅仅美国国内经济下滑,而且导致主要发达经济体纷纷走向衰退,形成世界经济增长率大幅下降的态势。江苏经济继续高速增长,但世界经济下行压力不断加大,全年高开低走,并且面临继续回落的严峻挑战。总的对策思路,应是扩内需、抗风险、保增长、促转型,采取多种有效措施,防止经济大起大落,保持经济持续平稳快速增长,加快转变经济发展方式,提高经济运行的质量与效益,坚持科学发展,切实改善民生。     

企业战略管理研究新进展——基于制度经济学和组织社会学制度理论的视角

制度经济学视角的研究大多集中在正式制度和非正式制度对企业战略行为的影响;而组织社会学制度视角更多地是侧重于对制度合法性、多重制度压力及国际化等方面的企业战略行为的研究。今后的研究应结合产业基础观、资源基础观等多个理论视角和多层次分析方法,探索制度对企业战略行为的作用机制。