浅谈油气田企业固定资产折旧方法

以油田开发过程中油气井固定资产的特点及产量变化规律为依据，与财务会计制度和经济效益变化规律相结合，论述了含水上升和产量递减对折旧成本的影响，指出了油气田企业折旧方法的选择，使折旧的计提方法更符合油气田开发的经济运行规律。     

我国上市公司资本结构影响股权代理成本的实证分析

公司资本结构是公司治理结构的重要方面,它对公司代理成本有着直接的影响。本文对1990—2003年上市公司资本结构影响股权代理成本的实证分析表明,经营者持股比例与股权代理成本呈显著负相关;负债融资比例、法人股比例和第一大股东持股比例与股权代理成本呈不显著负相关;国家股比例和流通股比例与股权代理成本呈较显著正相关。这些研究结论表明,资本结构对股东、经营者和债权人之间的契约关系有着直接的影响,完善资本结构是完善我国上市公司治理结构从而降低代理成本的重要途径之一。     

棒材打捆机单片机控制系统

介绍了棒材打捆机控制的发展及现状,对单片机应用到棒材打捆机控制中做了尝试,并给出了具体的硬件线路原理框图和软件程序框图.     

Revisiting the Miles and Snow strategic framework: uncovering interrelationships between strategic types,capabilities, environmental uncertainty,and firm performance

The Miles and Snow strategic type framework is re‐examined with respect to interrelationships with several theoretically relevant batteries of variables, including SBU strategic capabilities, environmental uncertainty, and performance. A newly developed constrained, multi‐objective, classification methodology is modified to empirically derive an alternative quantitative typology using survey data obtained from 709 firms in three countries (China, Japan, United States). We compare the Miles and Snow typology to the classification empirically derived utilizing this combinatorial optimization clustering procedure. With respect to both variable battery associations and objective statistical criteria, we show that the empirically derived solution clearly dominates the traditional P‐A‐D‐R typology of Miles and Snow. Implications and directions for future research are provided. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Societal trust and corporate tax avoidance

Using an international sample of firms from 25 countries and a country-level index for societal trust, we document that societal trust is negatively associated with tax avoidance, even after controlling for other institutional determinants, such as home country legal institutions and tax system characteristics. We explore the effects of two country-level institutional characteristics—strength of legal institutions and capital market pressure—on the relation between societal trust and tax avoidance. We find that the relation between trust and tax avoidance is less pronounced when the legal institutions in a country are stronger and is more pronounced when the capital market pressure is stronger. Finally, we examine the relation between societal trust and tax evasion, an extreme and illegal form of tax avoidance. We show that societal trust is negatively related to tax evasion and the negative relation is less pronounced when legal institutions are stronger.     

Fair value disclosures and crash risk

In response to the public criticism of the inadequate disclosures mandated by SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, the FASB issued ASU (Accounting Standards Update) 2010–06, Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements, and ASU 2011–04, Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements, in an effort to increase the reporting transparency. We examine whether the increased fair value disclosures required by these two updates effectively decrease crash risk, defined as the frequency of extreme negative stock returns. In support of the hypothesis, we find that increased transparency from these updates reduces crash risk among U.S. banking firms and that the reduction is greater in banks that have a higher level of Level 3 financial assets.     

数字金融发展对地方财政收入的影响及区域差异研究——基于中国282个地级市面板数据的中介效应检验

受经济增速放缓与新冠肺炎疫情的双重影响,我国地方财政收入出现疲软现象,财政可持续性遭受严峻的考验。随着数字科技的迅猛发展,数字金融能够更好地服务实体经济,继而可能会增加地方财政收入,破解财政收支困境。鉴于此,基于2011-2019年我国282个地级市的面板数据,运用面板数据回归与中介效应模型,检验数字金融对地方财政收入的影响以及作用机制。结果表明,数字金融发展能够显著增加地方财政收入;中介分析表明,数字金融可通过提高消费水平以及优化产业结构来增加地方财政收入;异质性分析表明,数字金融对中西部地区和中、低财政收入城市的财政增收作用更加明显。研究结论可以为政府制定数字金融发展政策,平衡地方财政收支提供参考借鉴。     

开放条件下中国货币与经济关联度变动原因实证研究

本文运用动态条件相关(DCC)方法估计中国各层次货币与实体经济的关联度。研究发现,1994年前,关联度始终在低位波动,之后大幅提高,总体呈上升趋势。通过在模型中引入金融深化度和经济开放度,本文从不同的侧面解释了货币与经济关联度变动的原因。虽然金融深化度和经济开放度对关联度的影响程度随货币层次的提高而增强,但作用方向却不完全相同;金融深化度越高,经济开放度越低,关联度越强,这表明金融深化理论与中国国情相适应。这对于改革开放具有较强的现实意义。政府通过优先发展金融,深化金融体制改革,能够提高货币对经济增长的效能,促进经济结构的转型和经济持续增长。     

马鞍山市未来经济发展的区位条件分析

马鞍山市区位条件的特征;马鞍山市区位条件的比较优势;马鞍山市的区位条件在未来经济梯度推进、跳跃式发展中的作用方式,会推动长江流域经济空间秩序发生重大变化;马鞍山市区位条件对经济发展时空秩序影响的理论启示。