合作创新如何更有效? ——基于专用性投资与战略信息共享的视角

互联网发展以及数字经济背景下,专用性投资如何影响组织间合作创新,至今结论仍不清晰。基于交易成本理论和社会交换理论,本文将战略信息共享纳入纵向合作研究框架,剖析不同类型专用性投资对组织间合作创新绩效影响的微观机理。研究结果显示：不同类型专用性投资的影响存在差异,其中,人力专用性投资对战略信息共享的正向影响最显著,而品牌专用性投资的影响强于流程专用性投资;战略信息共享显著促进合作创新绩效,且在专用性投资对合作创新绩效的影响过程中具有中介作用;关系信任在专用性投资与战略信息共享的关系中起正向调节作用,但在战略信息共享与合作创新绩效的关系中起负向调节作用;资源互补性正向调节战略信息共享与合作创新绩效的影响。     

The impact of mindful organizing on operational performance: An explorative study

This study explores the effect of Mindful Organizing, a concept originally developed in the high-reliability organizations literature. We show that mindful organizing can also be applied to ordinary organizations seeking better performance, not just to organizations seeking high reliability. Results of this study demonstrate that mindful organizing and operational performance are positively related. Further, mindful organizing benefits organizations in an uncertain environment more than organizations in a stable environment. Future research avenues of this understudied concept in operations management are discussed.     

推进"长三角"金融协调发展与建设上海国际金融中心的有效互动

建设上海国际金融中心是一项国家战略,而推动"长三角"地区协调发展则是国家区域发展总体战略的重要组成部分。同样是作为重要的国家经济金融发展战略,如何把二者有机地结合起来,形成"长三角"经济金融协调发展和上海国际金融中心建设良性互动的局面,是本文重点研究和思考的问题。作者从"长三角"金融协调发展现状、"长三角"地区协调发展与上海国际金融中心建设作为两项国家战略的结合、"长三角"金融协调发展与上海国际金融中心建设有效互动的重要意义、推进"长三角"金融协调发展的重要突破口等方面做了深入阐述。     

创业者社会身份认知与新创企业创新

创业是嵌入在社会结构中的经济活动,创业者社会认知如何影响其创业战略决策是研究者关注的焦点。本研究基于社会认同理论区分创业者达尔文主义、社群主义和传教士主义三种不同社会身份认知对新创企业战略决策的影响及作用机制。研究发现,达尔文主义身份认同感促进创业者为积累个人财富而选择不确定性较低的商业模式创新;社群主义身份认同感使创业者为提供真正造福社区的产品和服务而积极开展技术创新;而传教士主义身份认同感促进创业者开展一切提升社会价值的创新活动,包括技术创新与商业模式创新;且创新网络关系强度通过提供创新所需的资源与信息在上述关系中起正向调节作用。本研究借助社会认同理论,将创业者社会身份认同感进一步引入新创企业创新决策的驱动因素研究中,深化和拓展了创业者创新行为的理论分析框架。     

美国次贷危机的演进路径分析

美国次贷危机已经愈演愈烈,对于未来的判断越发困难。通过分析美国房价变化趋势及房屋价格下降的结构性原因,本文尝试对次贷危机的内在经济逻辑进行梳理,并就此推导次贷危机中关键性因素之间的相互关系。     

Consumers’ avoidance of information on red meat risks: information exposure effects on attitudes and perceived knowledge

In accordance with cognitive dissonance theory, individuals generally avoid information that is not consistent with their cognitions, to avoid psychological discomfort associated with tensions arising from contradictory beliefs. Information avoidance may thus make risk communication less successful. To address this, we presented information on red meat risks to red meat consumers. To explore information exposure effects, attitudes toward red meat and perceived knowledge of red meat risks were measured before, immediately after, and two weeks after exposure. We expected information avoidance of red meat risks to be: positively related to (1) study discontentment; and (2) positive attitudes toward red meat; and negatively related to (3) information seeking on red meat risks; and (4) systematic and heuristic processing of information. In addition, following exposure to the risk information, we expected that (5) individuals who scored high in avoidance of red meat risks information to change their attitudes and perceived risk knowledge less than individuals who scored low in avoidance. Results were in line with the first three expectations. Support for the fourth was partial insofar as this was only confirmed regarding systematic processing. The final prediction was not confirmed; individuals who scored high in avoidance decreased the positivity of their attitudes and increased their perceived knowledge in a similar fashion to those who scored low in avoidance. These changes stood over the two-week follow-up period. Results are discussed in accordance with cognitive dissonance theory, with the possible use of suppression strategies, and with the corresponding implications for risk communication practice.     

基于系统动力学与DEA的企业技术创新项目效率评价方法研究

本文综合考虑项目层和企业组织层影响因素,提出企业技术创新项目效率综合评价方法。首先分析组织层与项目层的影响因素;然后,构建涵盖项目层和组织层影响因素的两层次系统动力学仿真模型,为所建立的数据包络分析模型提供仿真值,有效解决数据包络分析模型中定性变量的量化;最后,以国内纺织业某大型集团公司多项技改项目为例,验证建模思路与方法的正确性。研究成果对于企业技术创新项目的有效管理具有指导意义。     

Comparison of Cramer–Rao lower bounds of variances for at least equal protection of respondents

In this paper, a new randomized response model is proposed, which is shown to have a Cramer–Rao lower bound of variance that is lower than the Cramer–Rao lower bound of variance suggested by Singh and Sedory at equal protection or greater protection of respondents. A new measure of protection of respondents in the setup of the efficient use of two decks of cards, because of Odumade and Singh, is also suggested. The developed Cramer–Rao lower bounds of variances are compared under different situations through exact numerical illustrations. Survey data to estimate the proportion of students who have sometimes driven a vehicle after drinking alcohol and feeling over the legal limit are collected by using the proposed randomization device and then analyzed. The proposed randomized response technique is also compared with a black box technique within the same survey. A method to determine minimum sample size in randomized response sampling based on a small pilot survey is also given.     

微观金融健康可以提高企业的生存率吗?——“新常态”背景下经济持续健康发展的微观视角解读

本文选取2003~2007年中国制造业771434家样本企业建立微观面板数据,采用生存分析中的互补双对数模型,深入考察企业微观金融健康对企业生存的潜在决定性影响;同时又根据中国企业出口高参与度这一典型特征事实,进一步考虑了企业的国际化成长在上述影响中的调节作用;最后又根据中国企业所有制特点考察了不同所有制类型企业的这种作用关系的差异。结果表明,企业的微观金融健康状况对其存活率有着显著的正面影响。进一步细分所有制类型的分类分析表明,国有和非国有两类企业各自的国际化成长,通过不同的微观金融健康指标进一步显著降低了企业经营失败的概率。在此基础上,针对当前"新常态"背景下如何提高中国企业的市场生存能力、实现企业的可持续健康发展,提出了有针对性的政策建议。