Rezensionen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

On the pricing of forward starting options in Heston’s model on stochastic volatility

We consider the problem of pricing European forward starting options in the presence of stochastic volatility. By performing a change of measure using the asset price at the time of strike determination as a numeraire, we derive a closed-form solution within Hestons stochastic volatility framework applying distribution properties of the volatility process. In this paper we develop a new and more suitable formula for pricing forward starting options. This formula allows to cover the smile effects observed in a Black-Scholes environment, in which the extreme exposure of forward starting options to volatility changes is ignored.Received: July 2004, Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 91B28, 60G44, 60H30, 60E10JEL Classification: G13It is a pleasure to thank the anonymous referee for his valuable comments and suggestions on this paper. Furthermore, we would like to thank Holger Kraft, University of Kaiserslautern, and Alexander Giese, HypoVereinsbank AG Munich, for fruitful discussions and suggestions.     

Der ESM sollte das Finanzsystem stützen,nicht Staatsschulden aufkaufen

Die Einzahlungen und Bürgschaften im Rahmen des Europ?ischen Stabilisierungsmechanismus (ESM) führen zu einer starken Belastung der soliden Eurol?nder — ob das Kapital überhaupt ausreicht, ist zudem nicht sicher. Sinnvoller w?re es, nicht die Staatsschulden in den Fokus zu nehmen, sondern die Banken, die in der Krise hohe Verluste erleiden. Für ein Verfahren zur Bankenrettung gibt es historische Vorbilder: beispielsweise die Tilgungsfonds nach der deutschen Bankenkrise 1931/1932 und den W?hrungsreformen 1948 und 1990.     

Die europ?ische Trag?die: Ein politisches Ordnungsproblem

We argue that self-binding rules in the context of the stabilisation of the eurozone — both monetary and fiscal — are important for a successful long-term European economic policy. The present loss of reputation due to the breaking of fundamental rules such as the no-bailout clause generates high cost, especially with respect to raising money in the financial markets, because no institutional stability and political credibility exist. We propose to install a compliance system similar to what large enterprises have introduced. It would perfectly fit into the system of regulatory principles of the social market economy, but also focus on administrative and implementation issues.     

The ‘Neighbourhood Effect’: A multidisciplinary assessment of the case for farmer co-ordination in agri-environmental programmes

In this paper we present a multi-disciplinary analysis of the potential impacts of undertaking similar environmental actions on multiple farms in a small geographic area, using organic farming as a proxy for a co-ordinated approach. Recent papers have called for more co-ordinated efforts between farmers in terms of their environmental actions, but there has been limited applied research demonstrating the environmental benefits or the economic and social implications to farmers of this approach. Comparative analysis of biodiversity, soil and water, and farm profitability were undertaken in England on 32 matched farms in areas of low and high organic farming concentration; qualitative interviews were also conducted with 48 farmers living in two of the eight areas. Findings demonstrate higher overall levels of biodiversity on organic farms (particularly in “hotspot” areas) but this was not universal across the species groups investigated. Higher water infiltration rates were found in organic grasslands, which could prove to be a useful measure to combat flooding. In terms of the technical efficiency of producing these environmental gains, conventional and organic farms in hotspot areas demonstrated equivalent efficiency from a financial perspective. Socio-cultural research identified the different amounts of trust farmers have in their neighbours, based in part on their performance as ‘good farmers’. We discuss the neighbourhood effect with a multi-disciplinary approach and conclude that encouraging local farmer co-ordination can have clear environmental benefits without high economic cost, but must be undertaken with caution - specifically regarding the trade-offs between benefits, local geophysical and social characteristics, and assumptions made about inter-farmer trust.     

Beyond the Sharpe ratio: An application of the Aumann–Serrano index to performance measurement

We propose a performance measure that generalizes the Sharpe ratio. The new performance measure is monotone with respect to stochastic dominance and consistently accounts for mean, variance and higher moments of the return distribution. It is equivalent to the Sharpe ratio if returns are normally distributed. Moreover, the two performance measures are asymptotically equivalent as the underlying distributions converge to the normal distribution. We suggest a parametric and a non-parametric estimator for the new performance measure and provide an empirical illustration using mutual funds and hedge funds data.     

Building National Competitive Advantage: Rwanda's Lessons from Singapore

Despite its recent tragic history of genocide and continuing threats to political stability, Rwanda has made significant strides in improving its competitive position compared to its African neighbors and to other countries at an equivalent economic level. The Rwandan business and political leadership have explicitly taken Singapore as a model for rapid economic growth, with the aim of positioning Rwanda as a regional hub for transportation and advanced services. This article, based in part on fieldwork conducted in Rwanda by the lead author, ¹ analyzes Rwanda's development strategy using the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness framework and evaluates its potential for success in emulating Singapore's development pathway. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Attracting potential blood donors: The role of personality and social marketing

Globally, society has been facing several and growing health problems, which increased the importance of efforts towards social change. In this context, using social marketing to create and implement programs that foster behavioural change has increased in the public health community. One of the health problems that society has been facing is the unceasing need for blood products, so the subject of blood donation became an important research topic in the area of social marketing, as social marketing strategies can contribute to solving this problem. It is essential to understand the factors that motivate individuals to donate blood, to enhance the recruitment and retention of blood donors. Our study aims at evaluating the key personality factors that influence blood donation behaviour to reach a higher understanding of what concerns this global issue. The method used to analyse the data is ANOVA. We conclude that the Personality of potential donors is significantly different from the non-donors' regarding Openness to Experience and Agreeableness. These results suggest that potential donors might perceive blood donation, as well as the associated barriers, differently from non-donors. Based on our findings, we suggest some perspectives for future research in this area.     

The Yen Exchange Rate and the Hollowing Out of the Japanese Industry

Open Economies Review - Since the demise of the Bretton Woods system, the yen has seen several episodes of strong appreciation, including in the late 1970s, after the 1985 Plaza Agreement, the...