借鉴美国经验 完善我国高等教育税收政策

美国作为世界高等教育强国,十分重视税收政策对高等教育发展的促进作用。本文在介绍美国高等教育税收政策内容,总结其高等教育税收政策特点的基础上,分析了我国现行高等教育税收政策存在的主要问题,提出了完善我国高等教育税收政策的相关建议。     

从基金暂停申购看投资者权益保护

开放式基金制度设计的初衷是赋予投资者自由申购赎回的权利,只有在特定情况下才能暂停申购以维护持有人权益。本文深入研究了我国开放式基金暂停申购的各种情况、背后的原因以及对投资者权益的影响,认为基金管理人在暂停申购决策过程中具有较大的自主空间,可能利用暂停申购,实现自身利益最大化而损害持有人利益。为规范基金暂停申购,维护投资者权益,本文建议应加强对基金管理人的监管和约束,细化基金暂停申购的具体规则,完善暂停申购信息披露制度,改进对长期暂停申购基金的评价方法等。     

Audit opinion improvement and the timing of disclosure

Companies have been found to report positive information more quickly than they report negative information (i.e., good news early, bad news late). This paper investigates the potential impact of audit opinion change on the timeliness of financial disclosures, with improvements in audit opinion considered to be “good news.” We take both the direction and the magnitude of audit opinion change into consideration, with magnitude measuring how far the opinion is from an unqualified opinion (i.e., an unqualified opinion with explanatory paragraph is closer to an unqualified opinion than a qualified opinion is). We find that firms experiencing an improvement in their audit opinions disclose their financial results earlier, while those with audit opinion deteriorations report their financial results later, and that these effects were related to the magnitude of the opinion change. What's more, there is an asymmetric response to good audit opinion news vs. bad audit opinion news, with bad audit opinion news having a larger effect on earnings timeliness than the effect on earnings timeliness of good audit opinion news. Overall, our results support the “good news early, bad news late” notion. Finally, we also find that overall earnings timeliness has improved in China since the enactment of new reporting regulations in 2006.     

Time-consistent mean–variance asset-liability management in a regime-switching jump-diffusion market

Financial Markets and Portfolio Management - This paper investigates the time-consistent optimal control of a mean–variance asset-liability management problem in a regime-switching...     

新中国资产负债表70年演进

新中国70年资产负债表从肯定到否定,再从否定到肯定的演进过程,资产负债表的名称、表式、项目、编制基础和编制方法经历了巨大变化,但资产负债表反映资产背后的权益、责任及其平衡关系的本质始终未变。经济发展和制度变革的现实需要是资产负债表演进的直接原因。现实需要催生了自然资源资产负债表和国家资产负债表,这些新型报表当前难以直接反映核算对象的权责利关系,只是简化的资产负债表,所以应遵循资产负债表发展规律和科学要求,积极探索新型资产负债表。     

广东县域经济发展的约束与突破

广东县域经济总体上相对滞后于浙江、江苏和山东,滞后的重要原因在于县域经济的集聚效应大于扩散效应,外源式经济模式发展到一定阶段后其示范效应小于挤出效应,县域经济内源式发展模式要受到外源式模式的冲击。发展广东县域经济,要突破资金动员瓶颈和产业结构调整乏力的制肘,制度创新是首要选择。     

Asymmetric effect of basis on dynamic futures hedging: Empirical evidence from commodity markets

The dynamic minimum variance hedge ratios (MVHRs) have been commonly estimated using the Bivariate GARCH model that overlooks the basis effect on the time-varying variance–covariance of spot and futures returns. This paper proposes an alternative specification of the BGARCH model in which the effect is incorporated for estimating MVHRs. Empirical investigation in commodity markets suggests that the basis effect is asymmetric, i.e., the positive basis has greater impact than the negative basis on the variance and covariance structure. Both in-sample and out-of-sample comparisons of the MVHR performance reveal that the model with the asymmetric effect provides greater risk reduction than the conventional models, illustrating importance of the asymmetric effect when modeling the joint dynamics of spot and futures returns and hence estimating hedging strategies.     

浅谈大学生消费问题

社会环境的影响以及家庭和学校理财教育的缺位造成了当代大学生的消费结构不合理、经济来源单一等问题。目前在大学生中存在着不少理财误区,导致大学生中出现盲目消费,互相攀比等现象,影响了大学生的健康成长。针对这种状况,应加大对贫困生的资助力度,帮助贫困生解决实际问题;对学生加强经济观教育;拓宽学生勤工俭学的渠道;营造健康的消费环境。     

集中财力办大事与新型"举国体制"——从支持"两弹一星"的财政观说起

中国的"两弹一星"是在中国共产党领导下发挥"举国体制"优势创建的辉煌伟业."两弹一星"成功的背后蕴含着深刻的财政观,也证明和凸显了中国共产党领导下集中财力办大事的制度优势.化解党和国家面临的重大风险,财政再困难也责无旁贷,这是"两弹一星"财政观的灵魂;坚持和强化党的领导,自觉发挥党领导下"举国体制"集中财力办大事的制度优势,这是"两弹一星"财政观的根基;以科教兴国为第一要务,把科技投入放在首位,重视科技人才的培养和关怀,这是"两弹一星"财政观的支柱.当前,我国经济社会发展同样面临一系列重大风险挑战,发扬传承"两弹一星"的财政观具有重大意义.但在当前条件下,强调"集中财力办大事"并非简单强调进一步加大投入,而应更多强调整合分散的财政科技资源.其中,要特别注重以人才为基本着眼点,像优化营商环境一样优化科技人才的科研环境.