The market value impact of indirect ties within technology alliances

Researchers have typically studied the relationship between technology alliances and market value from a direct tie or dyadic perspective. Yet any given technology alliance is typically embedded in a network of indirect ties created by the alliance partners’ relationships with other firms. We argue that whether an indirect tie enhances or detracts from the market value a firm creates in a technology alliance depends upon factors related to inter-firm competencies at both an alliance- and partner-level of analysis. Empirical analysis of abnormal stock returns reveals support for the hypothesized contingent relationship between indirect ties and value creation within technology alliances. Theoretically, the paper clarifies opposing perspectives in the literature regarding the performance implications of indirect ties and identifies market value as a hitherto unrecognized effect associated with this type of tie. Managerially, the findings improve marketers’ ability to leverage the complex interactions that occur between technology alliances in a value-creating manner.

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Interface of marketing and R&D personnel in the product innovation stream

A questionnaire was sent to over 550 different Canadian firms engaged in R&D activity as of the Fall of 1973. One portion of the questionnaire was designed to provide specific information about marketing involvement in the product development stream in Canadian organizations engaged in R&D. Analysis of the resulting data pertaining to: when marketing personnel are and should be brought into the product innovation stream; what level of marketing management is and should be brought into the product innovation stream; and the degree of influence of marketing personnel in product innovation is presented in this paper.     

A technique for assessing appropriate policy combinations to combat inflation,unemployment and external imbalance

Zusammenfassung Eine Methode für die Auswahl geeigneter wirtschaftspolitischer Kombinationen, um Inflation, Arbeitslosigkeit und ein au\enwirtschaftliches Ungleichgewicht zu bek?mpfen. — Eine Analyse von Kombinationen wirtschaftspolitischer Ma\nahmen zur Herbeiführung eines inneren und ?u\eren wirtschaftlichen Gleichgewichts sollte auch Situationen berücksichtigen, in denen Inflation und Arbeitslosigkeit zusammen auftreten. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, wird in dem vorliegenden Aufsatz die Methode angewendet, verschiedene Niveaus von Besch?ftigung und Devisenreserven mit verschiedenen Zinss?tzen und Inflationsraten in Verbindung zu bringen. Das wesentliche Ergebnis besteht darin, da\ eine Aufwertung besonders geeignet für ein Land ist, das dauernde Zahlungsusse bilanzüberschünd eine Kosteninflation aufweist. Wenn diese Kosteninflation ein ?Besch?ftigungs-Risiko? nach sich zieht, sollte eine Korrektur des Wechselkurses nach oben in Verbindung mit einer expansiven Geldpolitik angewendet werden.

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Résumé Une méthode de choisir les combinaisons de politique économique propres à combattre l’inflation, le ch?mage et le déséquilibre extérieur. — Une analyse de combinaisons de mesures de politique économique propres à maintenir l’équilibre intérieur et extérieur devrait tenir compte des situations où l’inflation et le ch?mage existent ensemble. Pour arriver à ce but, on se sert, dans cet article, de la méthode qui établit une relation entre différents niveaux d’emploi et de réserves étrangères, d’un c?té, et différents niveaux de taux d’intérêts et taux d’inflation, de l’autre c?té. La conclusion principale en est qu’une valorisation du cours des changes est spécialement à propos pour un pays avec un surplus continuel de la balance des paiements et avec une inflation qui résulte d’une pression des co?ts. Si une telle inflation des co?ts entra?ne un ?risque de l’emploi?, la valorisation devrait être employée en conjonction avec une politique monétaire expansive.

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Resumen Un método para la selectión de medidas político-económicas adecuadas para combatir inflación, paro laboral y desequilibrio externo. — El análisis de combinaciones de medidas político-económicos para la restauración del equilibrio económico interno y externo deberia considerar también situaciones en las que subsisten inflación y para laboral al mismo tiempo. A este efecto se aplica en el presente artículo un método para asociar diferentes niveles de empleo y de reservas internacionales con diversos tipos de interés y tasas de inflación. El principal resultado es que un revaluación cambiaria es particularmente apropiada para un país con superávit en la balanza de pagos crónicos e inflación de costos. Si esta inflación lleva consigo un ?riesgo de empleo? el reajuste cambiario debería ir acompa?ado de una política monetaria expansiva.

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Riassunto Un metodo per la scelta di idonee combinazioni politico-economiche per combattere inflazione, disoccupazione ed uno squilibrio economico estero. ⊕nalisi Un’di combinazioni di provvedimenti politico-economici per il conseguimento di un equilibrio economico interno ed estero dovrebbe tener conto anche di situazioni in cui inflazione e disoccupazione compaiono insieme. Per raggiungere questo scopo, nel presente articolo viene adoperato il metodo di mettere in connessione diversi livelli di occupazione e di riserve di divise con diversi tassi di interesse e rate di inflazione. Il risultato essenziale consiste nel fatto che una rivalutazione è specialmente adatta per un Paese che presenta continui avanzi nella bilancia dei pagamenti e un’inflazione dei costi. Se questa inflazione dei costi tira verso di sé un ?risico di disoccupazione?, dovrebbe essere applicata una correzione dei cambi verso l’alto in connessione con una espansiva politica monetaria.

     

The four faces of the Hispanic consumer: An acculturation-based segmentation

This article develops and tests a segmentation scheme for the U.S. Hispanic market based on the extent and nature of acculturation. Acculturation is conceptualized as driven by language preferences and two dimensions of cultural identification, Hispanic and American. Structural equation modeling develops and assesses the proposed scales, and a latent class clustering procedure (latent discriminant analysis) tests propositions on a sample of 403 U.S. Hispanics. Consistent with theory, four clusters of U.S. Hispanics emerge: retainers, biculturals, assimilators, and non-identifiers that vary according to language preference and cultural identification.     

'Once I Get You Up There, Where the Air is Rarified': Health, Safety and the Working Conditions of Airline Cabin Crews

The working environment of the modern aircraft and the conditions in which airline cabin crews operate are issues which have been largely ignored in the industrial relations literature. This article considers recent trends in airline industrial relations and argues that the aircraft cabin is host to a number of hazards which pose serious threats to the health and safety of those who work in it.     

Poverty,shocks and school disruption episodes among adolescents in KwaZulu-Natal,South Africa

While conventional explanations of drop-out and grade repetition acknowledge the role of socioeconomic factors, this paper uses data collected in a KwaZulu-Natal study of adolescents to investigate the explicit contribution of poverty and shocks to school disruption episodes. The asset-vulnerability framework developed by Moser and others is used to develop a poverty-based theory of school disruption. Evidence against such a theory is also put forward. The results indicate that the poverty-based theory accounts in part for school disruption. Poverty is predictive of school disruption, female adolescents are particularly vulnerable to drop-out episodes, and adolescent pregnancy emerges as an important influence. However, household shocks do not seem to predict school disruption. Programmes that offer incentives for school attendance and improving school quality are put forward as policy options for South Africa.