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111.
Gabrielle Demange 《Economic Theory》2002,20(1):1-27
Summary. This paper defines and studies optimality in a dynamic stochastic economy with finitely lived agents, and investigates the
optimality properties of an equilibrium with or without sequentially complete markets. Various Pareto optimality concepts
are considered, including interim and ex ante optimality. We show that, at an equilibrium with a productive asset (land) and sequentially complete markets, the intervention
of a government may be justified, but only to improve risk sharing between generations. If markets are incomplete, constrained
interim optimality is investigated in two-period lived OLG economies. We extend the optimality properties of an equilibrium with
land and give conditions under which introducing a pay-as-you-go system at an equilibrium would not lead to any Pareto improvement.
Received: October 5, 1998; revised version: April 3, 2001 相似文献
112.
113.
As agricultural products move from being economic commodities to quality–differentiated goods, price dispersion within specific markets increases and implicit subsidies from high quality producers to low quality producers are removed. The present paper examines how these distributional effects can influence patterns of support and opposition to changes in marketing arrangements. The simple model developed is calibrated using data from the USA slaughter cattle market. Estimates of the impact on prices of measuring quality more accurately are found to be similar in size to previous estimates of market power price suppression in the market. 相似文献
114.
Dieter Joachim Ziegenhagen 《保险科学杂志》2002,91(3):259-277
At present, our society and its social security system are not prepared to cope with the challenges resulting from the continuous increase of life expectancy. The traditional concept of disease has to be modified for serving the special needs of the elderly. The optimistic compression of disease theory is an intriguing model, but lacks prove by available data. The anti-aging boom diverts the focus from the social and financial burden that will be unevitably caused by long-term care in the future. If there will not be an — up to now unforeseeable — breakthrough in research, particularly dementia will have an enormous impact on social cost which is often underestimated. 相似文献
115.
Efficient Liability Rules: Complete Characterization 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Received May, 18, 2000; revised version received March, 19, 2001 相似文献
116.
117.
118.
Scott G. Borgerson 《环球财经》2008,(6):102-102
北极冰川融化将使跨北极通航成为可能,运输公司可减少40%的航运距离。马六甲海峡也将不再垄断国际通运。国际经济将进一步融合。 相似文献
119.
120.
We study possible rankings of opportunity profiles. An opportunity profile is a list of opportunity sets, one for each agent
in the society. We compare profiles on the basis of the notion of “equality of opportunities”. Our main results show the necessary
and sufficient conditions for this comparison to be made using exclusively the information provided by two cardinal measures:
the number of common alternatives in all sets of a given profile and the difference between the number of alternatives in
the individual sets. We also show that, under additional axioms, we can combine these criteria only in a weighted procedure
or in some lexicographic refinements of a weighted procedure.
相似文献