审计判断偏误的形成及其防治

在审计实务当中,尽管有正式颁布的《独立审计准则》可供遵循,但仍需要审计人员在审计各阶段、在确定重要的审计目标、确定重要性水平和评估各种审计风险、评价内部控制的有效性、选择实质性的审计程序、评价证据的适当性以及在评价被审计单位是否遵循企业会计准则和会计制度等各环节上,都需要作出审计判断。审计判断的正确与否直接关系着审计结论的正确性和会计信息使用者的正确决策。而审计判断偏误的存在是导致审计判断错误的主要原因之一。因此,研究审计判断偏误的产生机理、形式及其防治就显得十分必要了。 审计判断偏误…     

执行 执行力 执行文化——关于国有企业执行力的思考

阐述了执行、执行力、执行文化的内涵,分析了国有企业执行力的状况,并提出了打造执行文化要重点抓好三个方面的工作问题.     

The relationship between stock returns and volatility in international stock markets

This study examines the relationship between expected stock returns and volatility in the 12 largest international stock markets during January 1980 to December 2001. Consistent with most previous studies, we find a positive but insignificant relationship during the sample period for the majority of the markets based on parametric EGARCH-M models. However, using a flexible semiparametric specification of conditional variance, we find evidence of a significant negative relationship between expected returns and volatility in 6 out of the 12 markets. The results lend some support to the recent claim [Bekaert, G., Wu, G., 2000. Asymmetric volatility and risk in equity markets. Review of Financial Studies 13, 1–42; Whitelaw, R., 2000. Stock market risk and return: an empirical equilibrium approach. Review of Financial Studies 13, 521–547] that stock market returns are negatively correlated with stock market volatility.     

关于会计师事务所执业质量检查工作的几点认识

笔者有幸参加了安徽省2004年度会计师事务所执业质量检查和中注协在南昌举办的2005年度执业质量检查布置会。与2004年度相比,今年的执业质量检查,在检查目的、指导原则、检查内容等方面没有发生变化,但在对检查对象、检查结果的处理上进行了调整,即今年重点检查对象是新设立的、变更的和规模较小的事务所,且不得少于本年检查事务所总数的80%;要求地方注协对检查过程中发现的问题加大行业惩戒的力度,特别强调了应予行政处罚的执业质量问题和事务所设立条件问题要移交主管财政部门处理。本文拟就做好今后的会计师事务所执业质量检查谈几点认识。     

A Termination Rule for Pension Guarantee Funds

A termination rule based on a critical funding ratio is proposed for a pension guarantee fund (PGF) that considers closing an underfunded pension plan. This ratio is determined by solving an expected utility maximization problem on behalf of plan beneficiaries subject to two constraints designed to preserve the PGF's viability. The first is an upper bound on the PGF's annual intervention probability; the second, a restriction on the expected shortfall of an underfunded pension plan that is not closed. Both too low and too high critical funding ratios hurt beneficiaries’ interests, depending on their degree of risk aversion.     

Hot money in disaggregated capital flows

We explore the possible existence and behavior of hot money in six categories of disaggregated bilateral capital flows (equity inflows, equity outflows, bond inflows, bond outflows, banking credit inflows, and banking credit outflows) for 12 emerging markets vis-à-vis the US from 1995 to 2012 and provides several new findings. First, we identify the existence of hot money in all six categories above and conclude that both gross inflows and gross outflows can be the sources of hot money. Second, hot money in equity inflows (outflows) engages in positive (negative) feedback trading regarding local stock market returns. Third, some categories of hot money have a temporary influence on local stock market returns while the others have a permanent influence, supporting the explanations of both price pressures and information advantage. Finally, local stock market returns in half of our sample countries, which have tightened capital controls during the late 2000s global financial crisis (GFC), are more affected by hot money than in the other half. Our findings confirm several popular conjectures of hot money, and endorse the use of capital controls to limit financial vulnerability in the run-up to and during the GFC.     

论影响学习的方法体系

学习过程除了受客观条件的制约外,同样也受其内在因素的影响。诸如道德品质、知识结构、能力结构、方法论体系等。本文主要从方法论的角度,对学习的哲学方法、系统方法和具体方法这三个层次展开论述。