全文获取类型
收费全文 | 34668篇 |
免费 | 1045篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 6323篇 |
工业经济 | 2626篇 |
计划管理 | 6170篇 |
经济学 | 7772篇 |
综合类 | 334篇 |
运输经济 | 298篇 |
旅游经济 | 558篇 |
贸易经济 | 6195篇 |
农业经济 | 1690篇 |
经济概况 | 3559篇 |
信息产业经济 | 3篇 |
邮电经济 | 187篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 184篇 |
2021年 | 259篇 |
2020年 | 479篇 |
2019年 | 720篇 |
2018年 | 876篇 |
2017年 | 898篇 |
2016年 | 886篇 |
2015年 | 625篇 |
2014年 | 933篇 |
2013年 | 3752篇 |
2012年 | 1236篇 |
2011年 | 1279篇 |
2010年 | 1111篇 |
2009年 | 1257篇 |
2008年 | 1203篇 |
2007年 | 1026篇 |
2006年 | 1022篇 |
2005年 | 914篇 |
2004年 | 775篇 |
2003年 | 830篇 |
2002年 | 750篇 |
2001年 | 770篇 |
2000年 | 716篇 |
1999年 | 634篇 |
1998年 | 676篇 |
1997年 | 639篇 |
1996年 | 596篇 |
1995年 | 538篇 |
1994年 | 533篇 |
1993年 | 514篇 |
1992年 | 501篇 |
1991年 | 508篇 |
1990年 | 471篇 |
1989年 | 364篇 |
1988年 | 360篇 |
1987年 | 388篇 |
1986年 | 331篇 |
1985年 | 495篇 |
1984年 | 506篇 |
1983年 | 473篇 |
1982年 | 409篇 |
1981年 | 385篇 |
1980年 | 388篇 |
1979年 | 360篇 |
1978年 | 303篇 |
1977年 | 254篇 |
1976年 | 261篇 |
1975年 | 216篇 |
1974年 | 209篇 |
1973年 | 206篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Because the break-up of conglomerates typically produces substantial increases in shareholder wealth, many commentators have argued that the conglomerate form of organization is inefficient. This article reports the findings of a number of recent academic studies, including the authors' own, that examine the causes and consequences of corporate diversification. Although theoretical arguments suggest that corporate diversification can have benefits as well as costs, several studies have documented that diversified firms trade at a significant discount from their single-segment peers. Estimates of this discount range from 10–15% of firm value, and are larger for “unrelated” diversification than for “related” diversification. If corporate diversification has generally been a value-reducing managerial strategy, why do firms remain diversified? One possibility, which the authors label the “agency cost” hypothesis, is that top executives without substantial equity stakes may have incentives to maintain a diversification strategy even if doing so reduces shareholder wealth. But, as top managers' ownership stakes increase, they bear a greater fraction of the costs associated with value-reducing policies and are therefore less likely to take actions that reduce shareholder wealth. Also, to the extent that outside blockholders monitor managerial behavior, the agency cost hypothesis predicts that diversification will be less prevalent in firms with large outside blockholders. Consistent with this argument, the authors find that companies in which managers own a significant fraction of the firm's shares, and in which blockholders own a large fraction of shares, are significantly less likely to be diversified. If agency problems lead managers to maintain value-reducing diversification strategies, what is it that leads some of these same firms to refocus? The agency cost hypothesis predicts that managers will reduce diversification only if pressured to do so by internal or external mechanisms that reduce agency problems. Consistent with this argument, the authors find that decreases in diversification appear to be precipitated by market disciplinary forces such as block purchases, acquisition attempts, and management turnover. 相似文献
82.
83.
This paper examines the influence of unemployment insurance (UI) on the length of nonemployment spells experienced by young workers. The analysis introduces a flexible duration model to estimate the effects of the weekly benefit amount and weeks of eligibility on the amount of time spent between jobs by men, distinguishing between the experiences of UI and non-UI recipients. The empirical findings suggest three conclusions: (1) UI recipients experience longer spells of nonemployment than their non-UI recipient counterparts, at least up to the point of exhaustion of UI benefits; (2) the level of the weekly benefit amount does not significantly affect the length of nonemployment spells; and (3) increasing the number of weeks of eligibility offered by a UI program leads to longer episodes of nonemployment. 相似文献
84.
85.
Three policy-relevant questions about multifamily mortgage originations (MFOs) are addressed. First, what is the annual volume of MFOs? This analysis highlights differences and problems among three publicly available multifamily lending surveys; the 1993 volume is estimated at $30 billion. Second, what is the size distribution of multifamily mortgages? Using kernel density estimation, variation in this distribution among central cities and suburbs, underserved areas, and lender type is examined. Third, what are the primary determinants of the variation in multifamily lending? A relatively simple regression model is estimated to shed light on the variables most highly correlated with multifamily lending. Tract income relative to MSA median income and minority concentrations are shown to be highly correlated with lending volume, but the largest source of variation is the number of multifamily rental units in the tract. 相似文献
86.
In the U.S., and increasingly in other countries as well, IPO securities are marketed to investors in a process known as "book-building"—one that amounts to polling institutional investors to establish a demand schedule for the issue and then allotting stock to individual investors according to the strength of their professed interest. Although book-building methods require use of discriminatory tactics that have attracted strong criticism from investors and regulators, this article defends such practices by demonstrating that book-building is more efficient than alternative methods. It effectively allows issuers to increase the net proceeds of their offerings by making better use of information about market demand conditions.
In the process of explaining the efficiency of the book-building method, this article also offers a plausible explanation for a phenomenon that has long puzzled economists: the systematic underpricing of IPOs. The key to the success of a book-building effort lies in the use of a strategic pricing and allocation policy designed to offset the investor's incentive to understate his or her interest in an IPO. By committing to favor investors who provide strong indications of interest with relatively large allocations of underpriced shares, the investment bank can limit the distortion of investor's incentives in bidding and so increase the level of proceeds the issuing firm can expect to generate from its IPO. 相似文献
In the process of explaining the efficiency of the book-building method, this article also offers a plausible explanation for a phenomenon that has long puzzled economists: the systematic underpricing of IPOs. The key to the success of a book-building effort lies in the use of a strategic pricing and allocation policy designed to offset the investor's incentive to understate his or her interest in an IPO. By committing to favor investors who provide strong indications of interest with relatively large allocations of underpriced shares, the investment bank can limit the distortion of investor's incentives in bidding and so increase the level of proceeds the issuing firm can expect to generate from its IPO. 相似文献
87.
If banks have an informational monopoly about their clients,borrowers may curtail their effort level for fear of being exploitedvia high interest rates in the future. Banks can correct thisincentive problem by committing to share private informationwith other lenders. The fiercer competition triggered by informationsharing lowers future interest rates and future profits of banks.But, provided banks retain an initial informational advantage,their current profits are raised by the borrowers' higher effort.This trade-off determines the banks' willingness to share information.Their decision affects credit market competition, interest rates,volume of lending, and social welfare. 相似文献
88.
This study examines the influence of day-of-the-week patterns in security returns on long-run IPO underperformance. Comparisons are made between the IPOs in Ritter's [20] database, and a constructed set of matching firms based on SIC code and size, using NYSE, AMEX, and NASDAQ securities. It is found that virtually all of the IPO underperformance occurs on Mondays and Tuesdays and that the degree of underperformance significantly differs from other days. Thus, a common explanation may exist for the general day-of-the-week pattern in security returns and IPO long-run underperformance. 相似文献
89.
90.