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This article develops an integrative strategic framework utilizing the Product Life Cycle (PLC) as a “common strategic denominator”. The model is an attempt to fill an existing void in the strategic literature concerning the integration of different functional strategies into a holistic business strategy. This article reports the results of a three-part empirical study of production, purchasing, and logistics management professionals that investigated the linkage between functional level strategies and the PLC. The results are based on the input from 159 production, 126 purchasing, and 133 physical distribution executives who served to identify the strategic importance of the PLC, and effective functional strategies for each stage of the PLC.  相似文献   
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The management selection practices of Australia's top 500 companies were examined and the data compared to past Australian studies. Despite calls for better practice, little has changed. The preferred tools were: interviewing, reference checking and application forms—methods associated with lower validity. Methods differed between the private and public sector. The government sector reported greater use of two or three interviewers at one interview session. The business sector made significantly greater use of cognitive testing. The interview remains popular because employers view it as the best way to determine the fit between the applicant and the organization's values. Since the interview is here to stay, the goal is to assist organizations improve the way in which interviews are conducted. Perhaps then, the chasm between research and practice may be reduced.  相似文献   
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This paper provides empirical evidence on how external governance mechanisms (e.g. the reporting and monitoring mandated under government funding contracts) and internal governance mechanisms (e.g. the adoption of corporate governance codes and traditional charity governance mechanisms) are related to the efficiency with which large UK charities meet their charitable spending objects. The evidence indicates that government funding and governance requirements, and traditional charity structures, are positively related to efficiency, whereas the adoption of business‐type corporate governance codes is not.  相似文献   
76.
    
Unit root tests, seeking mean or trend reversion, are frequently applied to panel data. We show that more powerful variants of commonly applied tests are readily available. Moreover, power gains persist when the modifications are applied to bootstrap procedures that may be employed when cross‐correlation of a rather general sort among individual panel members is suspected. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
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The methodological ideal of experimentalists, E, is easily stated: derive a testable hypothesis, H, from a well-specified theory, T; implement experiments with a design; implicitly in the latter are auxiliary hypotheses, A, that surface in the review/discussion of completed research reports (payoffs are 'adequate,' Ss are 'relevant,' instructions, context are 'clear,' etc.). We want to be able to conclude, if statistical test outcomes support not-H, that T is 'falsified.' But this is not what we do; rather we ask if there is a flaw in the test, i.e. not-A is supported, and we do more experiments. This is good practice—much better than the statistical rhetoric of falsificationism. Undesigned social processes allow E to accumulate technical and instrumental knowledge that drive the reduction of experimental error and constitute a more coherent methodology than falsificationism.  相似文献   
79.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
We explore the optimal fertility timing in a four-period OLG economy with physical capital, whose specificity is to include not one, but two reproduction periods. It is shown that, for a given total fertility rate, the economy exhibits quite different dynamics, depending on the timing of births. If all births take place in the late reproduction period, there exists no stable stationary equilibrium and the economy exhibits cyclical dynamics due to labor growth fluctuations. We characterize the long-run social optimum and show that optimal consumptions and capital depend on the optimal cohort growth factor, so that there is no one-to-one substitutability between early and late fertility. We also extend Samuelson’s Serendipity Theorem to our economy and study the robustness of our results to: (1) endogenizing fertility timing, (2) assuming rational anticipations about factor prices, (3) adding a third reproduction period.  相似文献   
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