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排序方式: 共有298条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
Carl J. Hamilton 《Transport Policy》2011,18(6):836-847
In January 2006, a system for congestion charging was introduced in the city of Stockholm, Sweden. The charging scheme was run in the form of a full-scale trial for seven months, after which it was deactivated, awaiting its evaluation and an advisory public referendum. Several parties, including representatives of the scientific community as well as media and special interest groups, have analysed and evaluated the system. A recurring theme in several of these analyses is that the cost to build and operate the system was excessive, compared to costs for other road charging installations.This study revisits some of the key project participants and archive data, to provide a deeper understanding of what were the major cost drivers and whether lower cost can be achieved in future installations. The approach taken is to emphasise understanding of the particular circumstances rather than comparing aggregates with other seemingly similar systems. The main conclusions include the identification of a rational actor paying an insurance against unacceptable risk, the importance of the election cycle, and the interplay between risk, acceptance, performance, and cost. A conceptual model for this interaction is suggested. 相似文献
132.
Jennifer Hamilton Heather McIlveen Christopher Strugnell 《International Journal of Consumer Studies》2000,24(2):113-123
It has been acknowledged that it is only by obtaining a more detailed understanding of food choice that people’s diets can be improved. In Northern Ireland, research into food choice has been limited yet the Province has the second highest rate of heart disease in the world, indicating the need for change. This study investigated the food choices of 9‐ to 17‐year‐olds in Northern Ireland and the influential factors. A range of research techniques were employed incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods, namely observations, focus groups, picture associations, dietary case studies and questionnaires. The research indicated that the dietary patterns adopted by this group are characterized by a high consumption of fat, yet the reduction of fat tends to dominate the overall strategy for the prevention of obesity and lowering the risk of coronary heart disease. In addition, a high consumption of sugar products was evidenced along with a distinct dislike for healthier alternatives such as fruit and vegetables. The ‘skipping’ of meals, especially breakfast and a high prevalence of snacking was also apparent. However, these eating habits were found to be affected by various factors such as age and gender, emphasizing the complex nature of food choice. The findings from this research enabled the development of a model relating to the food choices of 9‐ to 17‐year‐olds in Northern Ireland, highlighting the influential factors and subsequent health implications. 相似文献
133.
134.
Timothy J. Richards Stephen F. Hamilton 《American journal of agricultural economics》2006,88(3):710-726
Recent theoretical models of retail competition suggest that product heterogeneity is critical to retail price and variety strategies. This article provides empirical evidence on supermarket retailers' price and variety strategies using a nested constant elasticity of substitution (NCES) modeling framework. The model is estimated using chain-level scanner data for four major grocery chains in a large, urban West Coast market. The results show that retailers compete for market share using both price and variety. While they all tend to follow moderately cooperative pricing strategies, the extent to which they follow cooperative strategies in variety is less homogeneous. 相似文献
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137.
Steve McMillan Ronald Duska Robert Hamilton Debra Casey 《Journal of Business Ethics》2006,65(3):279-285
In previous research, we have argued that private companies should be more open with their scientific research findings. However,
our research assumed, somewhat naively perhaps, that public institutions were quite open. Recent findings have suggested otherwise,
and in this paper we explore the dilemma faced by industry, universities, and society in attempting to balance the needs of
openness (to rapidly advance the body of knowledge), with secrecy (to protect the economic returns to a new innovation).
G. Steven McMillan is an Associate Professor of Management at Penn State Abington. His research focuses on the management
of technology, particularly how technological competence translates into economic performance. His PhD is from Temple University.
Ronald F. Duska, PhD, holds the Charles Lamont Post Chair of Ethics and the Professions at The American College since 1996,
and is the director of the American College Center for Ethics in Financial Services. He is the author, co-author, or editor
of numerous books. His most recent books The Ethics of Accounting and Ethics for the Financial Services Professional were
published in 2003. He has authored numerous articles on philosophy and business ethics and has lectured and/or taught business
ethics as an adjunct at numerous universities, including The Wharton School and The Darden School. He offers workshops in
ethics and serves as a consultant and expert witness on matters pertaining to ethics in financial services.
Robert D. Hamilton, a PhD from the Kellogg School at Northwestern University, is Professor in the General and Strategic Management
Department at Temple University, in Philadelphia. His research focuses on the management of technology as well as strategy
implementation issues.
Debra L. Casey, JD, MS is an Assistant Professor of Management at Penn State Abington. Her research focuses on conflict management,
and in particular, the role of employee voice. She is a Law Review graduate of William and Mary, and a doctoral candidate
in labor and industrial relations at Rutgers University. 相似文献
138.
Geert Jan Hamilton 《保险科学杂志》2000,89(2-3):259-268
In the Netherlands, a “dual system” with a public and private sector has been established for health insurance. The advantage of this system is that the positive aspects of a good social policy with room for the employer are combined in order to avoid the buroc-racy and rigidity of a purely public system. In spite of the good experiences with this system over the last years, the Public Health Service is changing and innovations must be given a chance. This explains the willingness of the Netherlands to exchange practical experience with other countries and to discuss with other EU members the possibility of a combined orientated development of the Public Health Service system within the EU. 相似文献
139.
Governments often divide operations into separate branches that face different constraints and have limited information. Such separation is feasible if each can operate by solving a simple optimization problem using limited information without requiring game-theoretic calculations about others' actions. We specify two structures of one-way information transfers that allow this. For each structure, we present conditions for unified and decentralized decision-making to have identical outcomes. One of them corresponds to using a Samuelson aggregate welfare function that is not always fully efficient. We apply our results to several examples, including public goods and Ramsey pricing. 相似文献
140.