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141.
Chin Tiong Tan Ph.D. Ira J. Dolich Ph.D. 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1983,11(3):313-322
Consumer information seeking behavior was studied in the U.S. and Singapore. Rank order correlations were used to determine how the two samples differ on the extent respondents sought information from the various sources and how they evaluated usefulness of information from sources. Several interesting similarities and differences were found. 相似文献
142.
A bstract . The essence of the Reagan mandate is neither taxation nor balanced budgets , rather the reduction of federal government controls and a corresponding growth in state and local controls. This concern is neither Right nor Left, but a response to a growing realization of ineptitudes and inefficiencies seen in all the highly developed industrialized nations. Hence, whether inspired by the "free-enterprise" doctrines of Reagan in the U.S. or the "socialist" approach of Mitterrand in France, the policy goal of advanced nations is clear: a shift in fiscal priorities and political controls to strike a more realistic balance. The emphasis is upon the social movement aspects of Reagan's New Federalism: the coalition of middle sectors and elite working classes, rather than the "big business" label usually assigned to this administration. Federalism, essentially a social policy, can succeed to the degree that there is an equitable sharing in economic hardships no less than economic gains. But fiscal favoritism, racial inequalities, class dislocations, and similar difficulties can produce its defeat. 相似文献
143.
This paper looks at whether a government regulator should publicly announce the amounts of pollution emitted by individual firms and plants. Disclosure may be important if there is incomplete information about firm costs, since pollution levels may be used by the regulated firm as a signal of costs to rival firms. We compare the signaling games under public disclosure and no disclosure. Welfare is likely reduced by disclosure, but if the regulator can adjust the stringency of the relevant pollution regulations, then the loss in welfare can be smaller. The implications of these results for pollution permits markets are discussed. 相似文献
144.
The Influence of Others on Migration Plans 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The willingness to migrate and locational choice may be influenced by others’ choices or plans, particularly if the “other people,” such as family and friends, are migrants, former migrants, or potential migrants themselves. We examine the roles “other people” play in influencing an individual’s potential migration decision. In analyzing the influence of others on migration decisions, we rely on the concepts of migration networks and herd effects. 相似文献
145.
ABSTRACT Overboarded directors (i.e., those serving on too many boards) have come under recent attack. The accusation is that such directors are ‘stretched’ by several directorships and therefore cannot fulfil their governance responsibility. This study investigates the impact of overboarded directors upon key strategic decisions such as corporate acquisitions. Based on our examination of acquisition outcomes, we found that such directors are important sources of knowledge and enhance acquisition performance. Moreover, they represent an important complement to inside and non‐overboarded outside directors. 相似文献
146.
Joel L. Horowitz 《International Economic Review》2007,48(4):1329-1349
This article gives conditions under which the nonparametric instrumental variables estimator of Hall and Horowitz (Annals of Statistics 33 (December 2005), 2904–2929) is asymptotically normally distributed. With sufficiently large samples, the asymptotic normality result can be used to form confidence intervals for the unknown function that is estimated by the Hall–Horowitz procedure. The article reports the results of a Monte Carlo investigation of the finite‐sample coverage probabilities of the confidence intervals. 相似文献
147.
John K. Horowitz 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2009,44(4):475-493
Hotter countries are poorer on average. This paper attempts to separate the historical and contemporaneous components of this
income–temperature relationship. Following ideas by Acemoglu et al. (Am Econ Rev 91(5):1369–1401, 2001), we use colonial mortality
data to account for the historical role of temperature since colonial mortality was highly correlated with countries’ average
temperatures. The remaining income–temperature gradient, after colonial mortality is accounted for, is most likely contemporaneous.
This contemporaneous effect can be used to estimate the consequences of global warming. We predict that a 1°C temperature
increase across all countries will cause a decrease of 3.8% in world GDP. This prediction is robust across functional forms
and an alternative method for separating historical effects. 相似文献
148.
Countries compete with one another for funds distributed by non-government organizations (NGOs). The authors consider a competition over poverty and governance conducted by a non-government organization trying to allocate its funds among potential recipient countries. In its decision-making the NGO also takes into account the initial conditions each potential recipient faces, including the current quality of governance and wealth (poverty). For example, all else being equal the poorer country will have a higher probability of obtaining funds; or, the better the applicant's governance, the more its gains. Moreover, the maximum aid a country can obtain depends on its wealth. Investment in good governance, the wealth/poverty status of the applicant, and its current quality of governance will, together, determine the funds potential recipients expect to obtain. The authors also consider recent changes in the levels of these factors. They want to understand the roles these factors play in the competition for aid and the outcome for the quality of governance. 相似文献
149.
This paper compares the ethical standards reported by consumers and managers with different attachment styles (secure, preoccupied,
fearful, or dismissing). We conducted two studies of consumer ethical beliefs and a third managerial survey. In Study 1, we
used a questionnaire that we constructed, and in Study 2, we used the Muncy–Vitell Consumer Ethics Scale. The results in both
the studies were consistent and showed that men reported a greater indifference to ethical transgressions than women. Based
on the two studies, the results indicate that␣among male consumers, the dismissing participants reported the greatest overall
indifference to ethical transgressions and the secure participants expressed the most ethical beliefs. The two intermediate
groups did not differ significantly from each other. In Study 1, none of the women consumers reported a dismissing attachment
style. Women with a secure style reported more ethical beliefs than those in the other two groups. However, the sample in
Study 2 included dismissing women. The dismissing women reported the greatest overall indifference to ethical transgressions
and the secure women expressed the most ethical beliefs. The illegal profit subscale described the most severe ethical transgressions,
and for both men and women, the secure participants were less apt than the other participants to report a willingness to transgress.
In Study 3, the Newstrom and Ruch (1975, MSU Business Topics, Winter, 31) Questionnaire was administered to 227 managers. All four attachment patterns were represented among the participants of
both genders. In all cases, the participants with a dismissing attachment style showed the greatest readiness to transgress. 相似文献
150.
The impact of social networks on hybrid seed adoption in India 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
This article adds to the literature about the impact of social networks on the adoption of modern seed technologies among smallholder farmers in developing countries. The analysis centers on the adoption of hybrid wheat and hybrid pearl millet in India. In the local context, both crops are cultivated mainly on a subsistence basis, and they provide examples of hybrid technologies at very different diffusion stages: while hybrid wheat was commercialized in India only in 2001, hybrid pearl millet was launched in 1965. The analysis is based on surveys of wheat and millet farmers in the state of Maharashtra. Comprehensive data on farmer characteristics and social interactions allow for identifying individual networks, thereby improving upon previous research approaches that employed village-level variables as proxies for network effects. Using econometric models, we find that individual social networks play an important role for technology adoption decisions. While village-level variables may be used as suitable proxies at later diffusion stages, they tend to underestimate the role of individual networks during early phases of adoption. 相似文献