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991.
Elisabeth Gsottbauer Jeroen C. J. M. van den Bergh 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2011,49(2):263-304
Established environmental policy theory is based on the assumption of homo economicus. This means that people are seen as fully rational and acting in a self-regarding manner. In line with this, economics emphasizes
efficient policy solutions and the associated advantages of price incentives. Behavioral economics offers alternative, more
realistic views on individual behavior. In this paper we investigate opportunities to integrate bounded rationality and other-regarding
preferences into environmental policy theory to arrive at recommendations for more effective policies. For this purpose, we
will address decisions made under risk and uncertainty, intertemporal choice, decision heuristics, other-regarding preferences,
heterogeneity, evolutionary selection of behaviors, and the role of happiness. Three aspects of environmental policy are considered
in detail, namely sustainable consumption, environmental valuation and policy design. We pay special attention to the role
of non-pecuniary, informative instruments and illustrate the implications for climate policy. 相似文献
992.
Abatement and Allocation in the Pilot Phase of the EU ETS 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
We use historical industrial emissions data to assess the level of abatement and over-allocation that took place across European
countries during the pilot phase (2005–2007) of the European Union Emission Trading Scheme. Using a dynamic panel data model,
we estimate the counter factual (business-as-usual) emissions scenario for EU member states. Comparing this baseline to allocated
and verified emissions, we find that both over-allocation and abatement occurred, along with under-allocation and emissions
inflation. Over the three trading years of the pilot phase we find over-allocation of approximately 280 million EUAs and total
abatement of 247 Mt CO2. However, we calculate that emissions inflation of approximately 73 Mt CO2 also occurred, possibly due to uncertainty about future policy design features. 相似文献
993.
In this paper, we give an example in which the price of tradable emission permits increases despite firms’ adoption of less
polluting technology, a result that is in contrast with Montero (J Environ Econ 44:23–44, 2002) and Parry (J Regul Econ 14:229–254,
1998), among others. If two Cournot players switch to a cleaner technology, the price for permits may increase due to an increase
in the net demand for permits and a decrease in the net supply of permits after the clean technology is adopted. This is only
the case when output demand is quite elastic. 相似文献
994.
Carolyn Fischer Edwin Muchapondwa Thomas Sterner 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2011,48(2):303-319
This paper formulates a bio-economic model to analyze community incentives for wildlife management under benefit-sharing programs
like the Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE) in Zimbabwe. Three agents influence the wildlife
stock: a parks agency determines hunting quotas, outside poachers hunt illegally, and a local community may choose to protect
wildlife by discouraging poaching. Wildlife generates revenues from hunting licenses and tourism; it also intrudes on local
agriculture. We consider two benefit-sharing regimes: shares of wildlife tourism rents and shares of hunting licenses. Resource
sharing does not necessarily improve community welfare or incentives for wildlife conservation. Results depend on the exact
design of the benefit shares, the size of the benefits compared with agricultural losses, and the way in which the parks agency
manages hunting quotas. 相似文献
995.
Jerome J. TobacykBarry J. Babin Jill S. AttawayStanislaw Socha David ShowsKevin James 《Journal of Business Research》2011,64(9):944-950
The research applies the Material Values Scale (MVS; Richins and Dawson, 1992) cross-culturally by comparing materialism among Polish and American business students. Cultural differences (e.g., greater humanistic/collectivistic/Christian values in Poland) suggest lower MVS scores for Poles than for Americans. This prediction is consistent with the Local Culture hypothesis (i.e., that a strong local culture results in maintenance of traditional values in defense against global forces). Contrary to predictions, data suggest no Polish-American materialism differences, a finding consistent with the globalization hypothesis (i.e., increasing globalization leads to relatively uniform worldwide materialism). As a precursor to hypotheses testing, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tests the construct validity and cross-cultural validity of the MVS. The findings suggest substantial difficulties with the scale that limit the confidence in conclusions based on the scale. Based on these findings, future research discussion aims at developing a measure of materialism with potentially greater construct validity for cross-cultural applications. 相似文献
996.
Thomas Hellmann 《Heilberufe》2011,63(7):10-13
Heilpflanzenanwendungen in der Altenpflege - In vielen Bereichen der Altenpflege kann auch die Schulmedizin nur begrenzt helfen.
Wie gut, dass die Naturheilkunde viele Anwendungsm?glichkeiten bietet, die die Lebensqualit?t der Patienten und Bewohner verbessern
k?nnen. Und die Hilfen von Mutter Natur sto?en nicht nur bei Pflegebedürftigen, sondern auch bei den Pflegenden auf positive
Resonanz. 相似文献
997.
Lars Hecht 《Heilberufe》2011,63(6):14-16
Neue Behandlungsm?glichkeiten des Diabetes-Typ-2 - Weltweit ist eine Zunahme der Erkrankungsh?ufigkeit bei Diabetes mellitus
zu beobachten. Nach Angaben der International Diabetes Federation (IDF) sind aktuell circa 285 Millionen Menschen betroffen.
Hochrechnungen gehen davon aus, dass sich diese Zahl bis zum Jahr 2030 auf 439 Millionen Menschen erh?hen wird. 相似文献
998.
999.
David J. Hansen Rodney Shrader Javier Monllor 《Journal of Small Business Management》2011,49(2):283-304
We examined 19 years worth of definitions of entrepreneurial opportunity and opportunity‐related processes. We found 56 articles in six entrepreneurship‐focused publications, with a total of 49 conceptual definitions and 32 operational definitions. Among those definitions, we identified 25 distinct conceptual and 12 operational elements of opportunity plus 48 conceptual and 39 operational elements of opportunity‐related processes. We found considerable fragmentation across conceptual and operational elements. However, based on commonalities among conceptual definitions, we developed six composite conceptual definitions of opportunity and eight composite conceptual definitions of opportunity‐related processes, which we hope will help reduce the fragmentation of the entrepreneurial opportunity literature. 相似文献
1000.