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181.
A major component of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's 112(r) Risk Management Program Rule is the evaluation and control of potential public exposures to toxic chemicals. The rule requires identification and evaluation of a worst case accidental toxic release scenario, but provides for the inclusion of passive mitigation systems in modeling the dispersion hazard zones that are to be communicated to the public. These passive mitigation systems can be taken into account in the consequence modeling if they will withstand the initiating event that causes the accidental release and function as intended. This paper discusses several passive mitigation systems that can be designed as an integral part of storage or processing of highly toxic chemicals. These include, but are not limited to, optimizing storage conditions, design of secondary containment, toxic vapor generation control, and enclosure design. The effectiveness of various passive mitigation systems is evaluated using consequence modeling for case studies involving highly toxic chemicals such as phosgene, chlorine, and ethylene oxide. 相似文献
182.
Sydney S. Lentz 《人力资源管理》1996,35(4):453-469
In order to cut costs while increasing customer responsiveness, some corporations are integrating the competitive features of small companies with the resources of large corporations. They are adopting a hybrid type of organization by decentralizing decisionmaking to the business units and centralizing administrative functions at the corporate level. This article outlines the characteristics of a hybrid corporation and describes the role of corporate staffs within five corporations that have evolved to a hybrid structure. Some first steps on the path to a hybrid structure and corresponding staff activities are also described. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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JAMES I. GRIESHOP MARTHA C. STILES PAMELA S. BONE 《The Journal of consumer affairs》1992,26(1):129-145
This study of a sample of home gardeners indicates that rules of thumb, or heuristics, are used to select between chemical pesticides and nonchemical alternatives. Such rules of thumb serve to simplify otherwise complicated choice decisions. Heuristics commonly used to choose pesticides include how safe, effective, efficacious, and economical they are, whereas for alternative products consumers more often take into account convenience, efficiency, competency, and handiness. Generally, in an overall ranking of 24 individual choice attributes, pesticies rank low on these attributes where alternatives rank high and vice versa. Gender, age, and years using pesticides are significantly correlated with pesticide selection. 相似文献
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An approach to evaluate the acute impacts from simulated accidental releases of chlorine and ammonia
The manner in which specific chemicals are used is studied in order to identify plausible release scenarios and the probability of their occurrence. 相似文献
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Despite their growing economic power, children's acquisition and use of money rarely has been investigated in academic research, although it has been a frequent topic in the media. This study (1) describes sources and uses of money children (age 10–15) receive; and (2) investigates the association of children's uses of money with their age, gender, family structure, and sources of money. The sources of money are associated with children's uses of it, but age, gender, and family situation do not relate to the way they use money. Consumer education should focus on the sources of children's money in relation to the way they use it. 相似文献