Work motivation and public service motivation: disentangling varieties of motivation and job satisfaction

Research on motivation in the public sector has used public service motivation (PSM) and self-determination theory (SDT) interchangeably. This paper compares both theories, develops hypotheses pertaining to their assumptions, and empirically tests them in two public offices in Switzerland. We then explore their relationship with job satisfaction as an indicator of predictive validity. We find that SDT and PSM display conceptual differentiation and SDT has a strongest relationship to job satisfaction. However, moderation analysis suggests that employees with high levels of PSM have more stable job satisfaction compared to their low-PSM counterparts.     

图像的力量:秦始皇的模型宇宙及其影响

在过去的几十年中,精美的唐代釉陶塑像,如骆驼和仆从等,一直是收藏者和博物馆的珍宝。人们一直称赞它们是出色的雕塑品,但却甚少留意它们在墓葬背景下的功能。文章对秦始皇陵(d.210 B.C.)的检视揭示出其墓中的塑像其实是一个更大型、更复杂的结构与形象之中的一个组成部分。著名的兵马俑是秦始皇巧夺天工的陵墓的一个组成部分,其他部分还包括“真实的”人和动物、缩小的青铜战车、宫殿模型和天体图案。如果我们想了解这众多部分所组成的整体的目的,就必须考虑古代中国人是如何看待各类图像的。我们会发现,其实在古代中国人眼中,图像与它所表现的主体地位是平等的。籍由在青铜、陶瓷或图画中创造形象,古代中国人为死去的皇帝重现出一个宇宙。文章描述了用来理解图像的哲学概念并运用考古发现和文本材料对此进行论述。近期考古发现使人们可以重新估量中国墓葬中的模型明器,普遍认为这些图像的力量相当大。中国人从不收集陵墓中的塑像的原因是,在他们看来,这些塑像是死者真实的仆从和士兵。     

谷歌盈利能否持续增长？

业绩有所恢复,但仍不尽如人意,至少对谷歌公司而言是不够的.     

Market reaction to supranational banking supervision in Europe: Do firm- and country-specific factors matter?

This paper investigates the financial market´s perception regarding the effectiveness of the Single Supervisory Mechanism in Europe. Do investors believe that centralized supervision adds value compared to multiple supervision? . Do they feel uncertain about the supervisory role of the ECB? To answer these questions, a sample of 118 European Banks has been used finding that whereas in early dates the market reaction was positive reflecting the expectation of greater stability, it turned negative at the time the scope of the supervision was limited to only a group of banks. As might be expected, the reaction is significantly more negative for the directly supervised entities, anticipating a different and more demanding style of supervision that could lead to higher cost. This negative wealth effect is intensified for banks with higher price-to-book ratios or those located in countries with more developed financial systems and better investor protection. However, solvency and productivity firm indicators or low levels of perceived corruption moderate it. This research not only highlights the doubts and uncertainty of investors about the final applications of the SSM, but it could be also useful for policy makers and regulators in order to achieve a more harmonized supervision that improves the credibility of the systems and promote financial stability.

     

Testing the martingale difference hypothesis in CO2 emission allowances

This study examines the martingale difference hypothesis (MDH) for the carbon emission allowance market within the European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) during the Phase I and the Phase II, using both daily and weekly data over the 2005–2009 period. We analyze the MDH for spot prices negotiated on BlueNext, European Energy Exchange and Nord Pool along with futures prices negotiated on BlueNext and European Climate Exchange, using the new variance ratio tests developed by Kim (2009) and the generalized spectral test proposed by Escanciano and Velasco (2006). For the Phase I, the results show that the spot price changes of these three markets are predictable, suggesting the possibility of abnormal returns through speculation, except during the period April 2006 to October 2006, namely after the compliance break and before the ECs of stricter NAP II. Finally, we find that the CO₂ spot and futures price changes are unpredictable during the Phase II because we failed to reject the MDH based on both daily and weekly data. Thus, these markets are found to be weak-form efficient.     

Comprehensive assessment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation and chronic idiopathic constipation using deterministically linked administrative claims and patient-reported data: the Chronic Constipation and IBS-C Treatment and Outcomes Real-World Research Platform (CONTOR)

Abstract

Aims

To characterize a US population of patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) or chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) using CONTOR, a real-world longitudinal research platform that deterministically linked administrative claims data with patient-reported outcomes data among patients with these conditions.     

国家高新区创新国际化水平及影响因素研究

创新国际化是增强国家国际竞争力的关键。构建国家高新技术产业开发区创新国际化水平评价指标体系,以2014-2016年我国"一带一路"沿线68个国家高新区为研究对象,运用主成分分析法和二次指派程序方法对国家高新区创新国际化水平及影响因素进行实证研究。结果发现:国家高新区创新国际化以创新主体交互、创新活动融入、创新资源流动、创新绩效提升为本质特征;国家高新区创新国际化水平存在显著的区域不平衡性,东部沿海高新区创新国际化水平较高,中西部高新区创新国际化水平较低;国家高新区地理位置、经济发展、技术水平、政策质量等差异对创新国际化水平差异影响显著,自然生态环境差异对创新国际化水平差异影响不显著。     

Collaboration at work: An integrative multilevel conceptualization

The term collaboration has been used throughout a variety of research disciplines to describe multiple types of interaction; yet, a unified, comprehensive definition of the construct remains elusive. This lack of clarity regarding the distinctions and commonalities between collaboration and other interaction concepts has resulted in conceptual confusion that affects practice and research in human resource management. Practitioners see collaboration as more of a buzzword than as an effective human resource strategy. Previous theory development efforts have not yet taken a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach. This has resulted in failure to integrate key themes across disciplines into an overall view of collaboration, which is a commonplace practice in business and military sectors alike. This paper describes a multidisciplinary conceptualization of collaboration and discusses the implications of this integrative theory to human resource management and strategy development as well as future research efforts.