What Prompts the People＇s Bank of China to Change Its Monetary Policy Stance？ Evidence from a Discrete Choice Model

In the present paper, we model the policy stance of the People＇s Bank of China （PBC） as a latent variable, and the discrete changes in the reserve requirement ratio, policy interest rates, and the scale of open market operations are taken as signals of movement of this latent variable. We run a discrete choice regression that relates these observed indicators of policy stance to major trends of macroeconomic and financial developments, which are represented by common factors extracted from a large number of variables. The predicted value of the estimated model can then be interpreted as the implicit policy stance of the PBC. In a second step, we estimate how much of the variation in the PBC＇ s implicit stance can be explained by measures of its policy objectives on inflation, growth and financial stability. We find that deviations of CPI inflation from an implicit target and deviations of broad money growth from the announced targets, but not output gaps, figure significantly in the PBC＇s policy changes.     

The FRC AND Accounting Standard‐Setting: Should I Still Call Australia Home?

This paper analyses the decision of the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) to replace Australian accounting standards with international accounting standards on 1 January, 2005. Two main topics are considered: the appropriateness of the FRC's directive, and the case against the proposed adoption date. We argue that the FRC has not conducted sufficient consultation with affected parties and that the hasty implementation will impose costs that could have been avoided with the exercise of more caution.     

Executives’ Orientations as Indicators of Crisis Management Policies and Practices*

ABSTRACT The paper examines effects of executives’ orientations on crisis management awareness and practices, drawing on the simplicity and paradox management theories. It is suggested that a focus on single‐sided management constitutes an antecedent of crisis proneness. Employing a set of key corporate domains and based on a holistic organizational approach, the study aims at assessing the extent to which companies are crisis prone or prepared. In a sample of 82 Istaeli business and not‐for‐profit organizations it was found that human resource management, strategy, structure, and unlearning factors significantly predicted crisis preparedness. These results suggest that unlearning, despite a mere allusion to this correlate in the simplicity and paradox management theories, correlates better with crisis preparedness. By contrast, traditional strategy‐related and structural effects were marginally related to crisis management policies. Implications and suggestions for further research are proposed.     

基于Internet的多通道用户界面

提出了网络多通道界面模型、语音和指点相结合的基于上下文的查询、基于主通道的整合策略,并将受限的自然语言(汉语)理解技术应用于多通道交互中。文章给出了两个实例:汉语语音驱动的多通道文件管理器和网上购物多通道界面的ActiveX控件。结果表明,以上技术有助于提高人机交互的自然性和效率。     

2000年我国原油进口首破七千万吨原因分析及其思考

2000年我国原油进口量创记录地达到7013．4万吨，较1999年增加了91．5％，造成进口量猛增的原因，一是国民经济增长加快，拉动内需增加，二是国内原油产量增长有限而出口量增多，三是成品油进口量减少而出口量增加，四是在油价下落，需求减少的情况下，原油进口量和炼厂加工量未能及时调减，石油消费和进口石油的快速增长呼唤尽快建立符合我国国情的石油安全体系，呼唤全社会重视并大力推动节能，调整不合理的能源结构，这是一个复杂的系统工程，需要综合治理，采取切实有效的措施并认真加以贯彻落实，此外，适应市场经济的经营运作规律，抓好市场预测，根据市场的变化搞好原油进口，炼厂加工，成品油销售和库存等环节的衔接和协调，也是我们必须尽快掌握的一种管理技巧。     

Mortgage-Backed Futures and Options

This paper empirically tests valuation models for the mortgage-backed futures-options contracts that traded on the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) from June of 1989 until March of 1992. A simple contingent-claim model is shown to produce call option values on mortgage-backed futures (MBF) contracts that are unbiased estimates of actual futures-options prices. The ability of the MBF contract to hedge positions in current coupon Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) securities relative to the effectiveness of cross-hedging GNMA positions with T-note and T-bond futures contracts is also examined.     

CREDIT CYCLES REDUX*

Theoretical studies have shown that under unorthodox assumptions on preferences and production technologies, collateral constraints can act as a powerful amplification and propagation mechanism of exogenous shocks. We investigate whether or not this result holds under more standard assumptions. We find that collateral constraints typically generate small output amplification. Large amplification is obtained as a “knife‐edge” type of result.     

从产品整体概念出发 创新产品营销

基于我国目前市场上多数企业之间的不良竞争状况，特别是表现在市场上的同质化竞争，使得企业之间的产品市场营销缺乏新意，从而导致一些企业缺乏可持续发展的能力。本文从产品整体概念和成功企业的营销实践的解析中，提出了一些办法，以期对企业有所帮助。     

中国互联网进入马云时代

和以前“眼球经济”的提法截然相反,网络经济在经历了5年的挤泡沫和降温之后卷土重来了。与以往不同的是,这一次盈利模式明晰、资本运作娴熟!     

WPS在处理质检办公文件中的合理使用

通过ＷＰＳ汉字编辑软件在处理质检办公文件的合理应用，提出了使用ＷＰＳ某些功能键的技巧，可使文件处理更规范，更完整。