生态经济视角下的发展悖论探析

发展是一个不断前进、上升的运动过程,正是在这个过程中实现了人本身、社会财富与福利、制度和文化的进步,但由于各种不确定性、认识与手段(技术)的缺陷、决策或行为的失误等原因造成发展结果对目的的偏离,出现了发展的悖论。它充斥于认识、目的、手段、过程和结果等发展的各个环节。生态问题是人类发展悖论的一个表现,传统的发展观和技术手段导致生态破坏和环境污染的加剧;生态保护本身也是一个悖论,特别是在落后的边缘地更是具有明显的悖论色彩。     

Strategic management under duopoly

The purpose of this paper is to present a general conjectural variation model to provide an integrative treatment of strategic management under duopoly. It is shown that the nature of the desired distortion of managers' incentives depends critically on the magnitudes of the managers' conjectural variations with respect to outputs as well as the owners' conjectural variations with respect to incentives. In particular, it has been demonstrated that when the owners' conjectural variations with respect to incentives are zero, the owners will motivate their managers to maximize profits and provide no incentives for sales under consistent conjectures. However, the owners make their managers behave more (less) aggressively and produce more (less) than profit-maximizers if the managers' conjectural variations with respect to outputs are larger (smaller) than the actual response.     

学生科研创新能力与应用型人才培养模式探析

为了培养具有创新精神和实践能力的人才,实验教学是重要环节,而科学研究是在实践、研究中锻炼人才;教学与科研是手段,培养人才和知识创新是目的,教学与科研相结合是高等教育实践成功的育人之道。通过课程体系与实验教学改革,充分发挥毕业论文与设计性实验的作用,发挥教师在实验教学与科研中的主导地位以及以重点学科为依托,组织学生申报科研项目等多方面的阐述,探讨了实验教学与科研在创新型人才培养模式中的现实作用和长远意义。     

论哈萨克斯坦国际资本流动及其对新疆的影响

20世纪90年代以来,国际资本流动日益频繁,对世界各国经济的运行都产生了不可低估的作用。本文分析了哈萨克斯坦共和国近年来国际资本流动的情况,并考查了该国在利用直接投资、外债偿付、国际收支平衡等方面存在的问题以及对新疆与哈萨克斯坦的区域合作所产生的影响。     

Comparative Analysis of Ownership Transformation and Performance Relationship among Major and Regional Banks in Australia

This article attempts to clarify existing doubts with respect to the performance of private and privatised banks versus public banks; that is, it is an attempt to clarify the ownership–performance relationship. The analysis takes explicit account of the privatisation transformation, including its intermediary stage, and the status of the economy. The ownership–performance model is estimated using cross‐sectional time‐series data and is used to test the influence of ownership changes on performance. Alternative performance measures are considered. The empirical findings show that ownership transformation in the case of regional banks has resulted in improved performance, whilst the benefits in the case of major banks were not significant, even though these banks have become more competitive.     

The Influence of Japan’s Unsecured Overnight Call Rate on Bull and Bear Markets and Market Turns

This paper examines influence of interest rates on bull and bear markets in Tokyo stock exchange. Japan implemented a zero interest rate policy (ZIRP) from February 1999 to August 2000 and quantitative easing (QE) from March 2001 to March 2006. Because the relationship between Japanese equity price and interest rates apparently is inconsistent, it is needed to identify whether and how interest rates might affect a current market trend or initiate a market reversal. This study examines whether changes in Japan’s policy interest rate-the unsecured overnight call rate-prompt changes in the Tokyo Stock Price Index (TOPIX). The question we seek to answer is how TOPIX was affected by policies such as ZIRP and QE from bubble era until today. This paper shows that the call rate altered the direction of the TOPIX, market peaks and troughs appeared after call rates changed, and Japanese equities reacted more strongly to call rates during the 2000s.