融资约束、金融发展与企业雇佣——来自中国企业调查数据的经验证据

基于世界银行提供的中国企业调查数据,本文分析了融资约束和金融发展对企业雇佣的影响。研究发现:在缓解内生性问题后,融资约束对企业雇佣需求有显著负面影响,即在其他条件不变情况下,企业感知到的融资难度每增加1个单位,其正式员工的雇佣增长率将下降3.1%。以2003年中国人民银行对货币信贷过快增长进行调控为自然实验,发现紧缩性的货币政策操作对企业雇佣需求有显著负面冲击;金融发展可以缓解企业融资约束,且金融发展对企业雇佣的促进作用主要体现在制造业、大中型及发展成长中的企业。本研究为理解金融因素对劳动力市场的需求提供了微观经验证据。     

Profits and losses from changes in fair value,executive cash compensation and managerial power: Evidence from A-share listed companies in China

According to optimal contracting theory, compensation contracts are effective in solving the agency problem between stockholders and managers. Executive compensation is naturally related to firm performance. However, contracts are not always perfect. Managers may exert influence on the formulation and implementation of compensation contracts by means of their managerial power. As fair value has been introduced into the new accounting standards in China, new concerns have arisen over the relationship between profits and losses from changes in fair value (CFV) and levels of executive compensation. In this study, we find that executive compensation is significantly related to CFV. However, this sensitivity is asymmetric in that increases to compensation due to profits from changes in fair value (PCFV) are higher than reductions to compensation due to losses from changes in fair value (LCFV). Furthermore, we find that managerial power determines the strength of this asymmetry.     

借鉴美国经验 完善我国高等教育税收政策

美国作为世界高等教育强国,十分重视税收政策对高等教育发展的促进作用。本文在介绍美国高等教育税收政策内容,总结其高等教育税收政策特点的基础上,分析了我国现行高等教育税收政策存在的主要问题,提出了完善我国高等教育税收政策的相关建议。     

Advertising intensity,investor recognition,and implied cost of capital

The main purpose of this paper is to test Merton’s (J Finance 42(3):483–510, 1987) hypothesis that better investor recognition is correlated with lower expected returns. We measure investor recognition with the firms’ advertising intensity and offer consistent evidence that higher advertising intensity is associated with lower implied cost of capital, as derived from Value Line target prices and dividend forecasts. Investor recognition plays an important role in attracting investors, improving liquidity, and ultimately reducing the cost of capital. The findings shed light on the capital market implications of advertising expenditures and complement the extant research on investor recognition.     

我国区域开发中的税收协调研究——层次界定与对策选择

税收对区域发展的作用体现在其对生产、流通以及消费的影响。税收与区域协调程度有三种层次,即静态均衡、均衡半耦合以及动态耦合,我国尚处于均衡半耦合或向动态耦合过渡的阶段。鉴于难以在短时间内实现全国性的改革突变,因此,将区域开发带与调整税收制度、政策相结合,从试点区域逐步向全国推进不失为良策。建议通过对税收与经济协调中面临问题的研究,以＂点—面＂方式探索我国在区域开发中的税收协调路径与政策选择,具体包括适度下放税收管理权限、积极推进税制改革、加强税收区域中心建设、调整纳税人＂成本—受益＂比例、避免对税收优惠政策的依赖等。     

What's in a “China” Name? A Test of Investor Attention Hypothesis

We study whether a firm's name affects investor attention and firm valuation. Some Chinese firms listed on US stock exchanges have the word “China” included in their company names (“China‐name stocks”), while others do not (“non‐China‐name stocks”). During the 2007 China stock market boom, we find that China‐name stocks significantly outperform non‐China‐name stocks. This is not due to differences in firm characteristics, risk, or liquidity. The “China‐name effect” is largely consistent with the investor attention hypothesis that price pressure caused by increased investor attention on China‐name stocks during the boom period drives up China‐name stocks more than non‐China‐name stocks.     

“一带一路”背景下金融创新研究现状简评

“一带一路”倡议的顺利实施离不开金融支持。梳理“一带一路”倡议下金融创新研究现状,从金融机构创新、金融产品创新、金融规章制度创新、金融科技创新、绿色金融创新和金融人才培养创新等6个方面分析“一带一路”倡议下金融创新研究现状发现,我国学者的金融创新研究及其成果还不能完全适应“一带一路”经济发展的需要。学术界应把握金融研究重点,推动金融创新,促进“一带一路”倡议顺利实施,实现社会经济可持续发展。     

大型金融机构室内定位系统高效中间件的设计

金融机构内的重要区域对安全性及金融人员监管有较高的要求。由于室内环境复杂和所处理数据庞大等因素,室内定位系统在定位过程中会出现数据丢失和处理结果滞后的情况,导致安全性下降。本文设计的中间件通过初始化阶段预处理数据,在结合并行模式的线程池管理基础上,通过添加环形队列缓存池,达到了提高系统运行效率、减少数据丢包率和增强系统抗压能力的目的。中间件架构的可行性通过了实验验证。     

Portfolio manager home-country culture and mutual fund risk-taking

I find that home-country culture affects portfolio managers’ investment risk-taking and performance. I focus on security value, which measures the degree to which people in a country assign importance to security, safety, and stability. Funds managed by managers from countries with higher security value exhibit lower fund return volatility, trade less frequently, and follow benchmarks more closely. These funds also tend to avoid lottery-type stocks and hence perform significantly better. However, the impact of home-country security value decays as managers spend more time away from their home countries.     

Security regulations,access to capital markets,and firm performance: Evidence from China

This study explores the cost of security regulations in China, where firms are required to meet a certain profitability benchmark before applying for permission to raise more equity via secondary equity offerings (SEOs). Using a difference-in-differences setting, we show that firms affected by the regulation (i.e., firms with high external financing demands (EFD) but profitability lower than the regulatory requirement) significantly underperform their counterparts, while unaffected firms do not. The affected firms’ performance decline increases (decreases) when the requirement of profitability is more (less) restricted. Consistently, the three-day cumulative abnormal return (CAR) of firms with high EFD is significantly negative (positive) when the regulation is tightened (loosened). Our study provides evidence on how the cost of regulation affects companies that have growth opportunities.