HOW ROBUST ARE ESTIMATES OF EQUILIBRIUM REAL EXCHANGE RATES: THE CASE OF CHINA

Abstract.  Assessments of a country's real exchange rate relative to its 'equilibrium' value as suggested by 'fundamental' determinants have received increasing attention. Using China as an example, the present paper illustrates models commonly used to derive equilibrium real exchange rate estimates. The large variance in the estimates raises serious questions about the robustness of these results. The basic conclusion is that, at least for China, small changes in model specifications, explanatory variable definitions, and time periods used in estimation can lead to very substantial differences in equilibrium real exchange rate estimates. Therefore, such estimates should be treated with great caution.     

KALDORIAN DEMAND FUNCTIONS AND THE RETURN TO CAPITAL: AN ANALYSIS IN A TRADE THEORETIC FRAMEWORK

Abstract.  This paper shows that under certain plausible conditions capital accumulation raises the return to capital. A three good trade theoretic model with Kaldorian demand functions is used to establish this result. This proposition is also independent of the assumption of diminishing return to capital a key feature of endogenous growth theory. Our result sheds light on the high rates of investment and growth that many East Asian economies have achieved.     

Networks and network resources in technological innovation systems: Towards a conceptual framework for system building

Previous research has shown that formal networks can play a crucial role in the formation of technological innovation systems (TIS). Firms and other actors collaborate in formal networks not only to generate new knowledge but also to strategically create and shape supportive system resources such as technology specific R&D programs. This paper takes a closer look at the resources, which are developed and deployed by networks to facilitate the building up of a TIS. Networks rely not only on the organizational resources of their members but also on new resources developed at the network level including network governance structures, trust among network members, a common understanding of the strategic goals or a good reputation of the network. Our analysis shows that the capacity of networks to fulfill different tasks of system building especially depends on the network resources they are able to establish. With the differentiation of organizational, network and system resources we introduce a conceptual framework, which makes three important contributions. It highlights the strategic nature of (innovation) system building; it allows us comparing the contribution of different actors and formal networks in this regard; and it improves our understanding of how firm and system level processes are intertwined.     

农民工需求变动的影响因素及其差异性的实证分析——基于用工企业的调研数据

本文运用广东省和江西省2008—2010年189家用工企业的调研数据,通过建立Panel Data模型,从企业视角实证分析了农民工需求的影响因素及其差异性。研究表明,政府给予企业的优惠政策、企业销售收入对农民工需求的影响为正,而企业技术进步对农民工需求的影响为负。从企业不同市场导向、不同所有制结构两个角度对农民工需求的影响因素进行差异性分析表明,与国内市场导向型企业相比,出口导向型企业的年销售收入越高,对农民工需求的促进作用会更强;相对于私营企业或外资企业而言,政府给予其他所有制企业的优惠政策对促进农民工需求发挥的作用会更大。     

事先裁定制度研究

事先裁定是指税务机关就纳税人申请的关于未来的特定事项应如何适用税法而专门发布解释陛文件的程序的总称。在适当制度安排下,事先裁定鼓励并提高纳税人的税法遵从度,提升税务机关的管理效能,有助于构建和谐税企合作关系。鉴于此,本文借鉴国际经验,结合中国国情,提出了我国事先裁定制度的设计方案,建议我国事先裁定制度应分步实施,先在税收遵从度较高的大企业中开展试点,积累经验后全面铺开。     

IMPOVERISHING TECHNICAL AND PREFERENTIAL IMPROVEMENTS

Abstract.  Edgeworth showed that a free-trading country might be impoverished by its own technical improvements if they are confined to the export industry and if no good is inferior in consumption. More recently it has been shown that improvements confined to the country's import competing industry can never be impoverishing if, in that country, no commodity is inferior in consumption. However, in all available proofs of these propositions, it has been assumed that for each country there exists an autarkic equilibrium. It will be shown that, without that assumption, the second proposition must be severely qualified.     

垃圾中转站控制系统的设计

设计了垃圾中转站控制系统,介绍了云台控制模块、镜头控制模块、液晶显示模块和数据存储模块；在软件设计中,设计了云台控制软件协议以及监控系统界面。     

电厂蒸汽管开裂失效原因分析

通过取样进行化学成分分析、机械性能测试、外观检验、金相检验、扫描电镜和X射线能谱分析发现,由于管道内壁发生点蚀损伤,进而发生应力腐蚀开裂。     

基于VB平台的石家庄市可持续发展环境预警系统研究

城市可持续发展环境预警是建立可持续发展综合决策机制和协调管理机制的基础,是实施可持续发展管理的依据,也是可持续发展研究的前沿。借助Visual Basic6.0构建了石家庄市可持续发展环境预警系统,通过它对石家庄市可持续发展环境进行了预测研究。目的在于尝试构建城市可持续发展环境预警的框架,为城市可持续发展环境的定量研究提供一个新思路。