Regulation and rent‐seeking: The role of the distribution of political and economic power

It is shown that the joint distribution of economic and political power plays a key role in determining regulatory and tax policies of national and subnational governments. If both economic and political power are evenly distributed across individuals, then regulatory and tax policies are efficient, but if they are unevenly distributed and positively correlated, then regulatory policy is used by subnational governments to redistribute income in favor of individuals with higher economic and political power at the expense of productivity and output. Consequently, the national government has to raise the tax rate to finance public expenditure. Moreover, if there exists a positive correlation between economic and political power, then the higher the fiscal gap, the larger the gap between equilibrium and efficient policies because subnational governments underestimate more the fall of public revenues caused by inefficient policies.     

Sustainability Strategy and Eco‐Innovation: A Moderation Model

This study develops a moderation model to examine the role of a proactive environmental strategy on eco‐innovation. Drawing upon the perspectives of contingency theory, this study argues that the impacts of sustainability strategy on eco‐innovation depend on market demand, innovation intensity and government subsidy. The sample used to test the hypotheses is obtained from the Community Innovation Survey in Taiwan. A total of 2955 manufacturing firms are included in the final sample. A logit moderating regression is adopted to analyze the models. The results reveal that market demand and government subsidy positively moderate the relationship between environmental strategy and eco‐innovation. Specifically, firms are more likely to adopt a proactive environmental strategy to improve eco‐innovation under high levels of market demand and government subsidy. Furthermore, the results indicate that innovation intensity affects the effect of environmental strategy on eco‐innovation, but the direction of the influence varies with different categories of eco‐innovation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

中美新科技创新政策比较

2006年几乎在同一时间,中美两国分别发布了《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要》和《美国竞争力计划》,研究在未来的探索、发明及创新上的国家科技发展的新政策,以及为此而提出的变革构想及发展路径。通过考察两国新政策的制定背景和主要内容,比较分析各自特点,提出我国未来科技创新政策应当注意的问题。     

以人为本理念在妇产科护理管理的应用效果分析

目的分析以人为本的护理理念在妇产科护理管理中的具体应用效果。方法随机选取了2012年1月至12月在我院接受治疗的妇产科患者202例作为研究对象,随机分为两组,其中对照组患者采取常规护理方法,而实验组患者则采取的是以人为本的护理措施,采取科学的评价方法,对两组患者的护理效果进行比较分析。结果实验组患者在经过护理干预后,患者疾病的不确定感下降,患者自身的满意度提升,与对照组患者比较差异具有显著的统计学意义,P＜0.05。结论采取以人为本的护理理念在妇产科的护理中有比较好的应用价值,能够收到比较好的护理效果,所以值得在临床上进行应用推广。     

西部民族地区自发移民迁入地聚居区发展研究综述

本研究以西部民族地区自发移民迁入地聚居区作为对象。国内学者对农村扶贫中涉及自发移民搬迁的理论与实践进行过专门探讨,对移民搬迁与社会发展相关的社会经济问题也有研究。历史所载移民的方式一般只包括由官方组织实施或强制实行的,至多只记载了那些得到官方认可的自发移民,而不包括其他自发移民。对自找出路、投亲靠友、自行搬迁的移民,需要政府制订配套的优惠政策。自发移民无时不在进行,而这一过程却是残缺不全的,其合法性处于尴尬的位置,根本之策还是将其接纳和融入当地主流社会。西部民族贫困山区除通过异地开发、劳务输出等方式向外转移劳动力外,对于一些自发移民和短距离趋利性移民可进行近域迁移,而获得人口的聚居效应;自发移民的迁移成本与收益的相对大小是迁移与否的决定力量。     

Profitability efficiency,marketability efficiency and technology gaps in Taiwan’s banking industry: meta-frontier network data envelopment analysis

The aim of this article is to measure the profitability efficiency (PE) and marketability efficiency (ME) of non-homogenous Taiwanese banks after the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards by using the convex meta-frontier data envelopment analysis model. The model is applied to simultaneously estimate PE and ME of the banks in financial holding companies (FHCs) and the banks not in FHCs. The meta-inefficiencies in individual processes are further decomposed into group inefficiencies and technology gap inefficiencies to explore the sources of inefficiency. The empirical results indicate that the banks in FHCs can reduce more costs than the banks not in FHCs, whereas the banks not in FHCs can create greater market value than the banks in FHCs. For the banks joining and not in FHCs, technology gap inefficiency is the main source of inefficiencies in both profitability and marketability processes.     

依达拉奉与丹红联合应用治疗急性脑梗死76例疗效分析

目的观察依达拉奉联合丹红注射液治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果。方法选择2010年2月~2013年3月我院住院部神经科收治的急性脑梗死患者152例,随机分为治疗组与对照组。两组患者均采用常规疗法进行治疗,保持血氧饱和度、控制脑压等,治疗组在此基础上再予以依达拉奉和丹红注射液进行治疗,比较两组患者治疗后的临床效果。结果治疗组患者临床总有效率为100.0%,对照组为88.2%,治疗组明显高于对照组,组间比较差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论依达拉奉联合丹红注射液治疗急性脑梗死疗效确切,不良反应少,具有一定的临床价值。     

Is there Causal Relationship between Money Supply Growth and Inflation in China? Evidence from Quantity Theory of Money

This study examines the causal relationship between Chinese money supply growth and inflation, using the bootstrap Granger full‐sample causality test and sub‐sample rolling‐window estimation test to determine whether such a relationship in China supports the quantity theory of money. The result indicates that there is a unidirectional relationship from inflation to money supply growth. However, considering structural changes in two series, we find that short‐run relationships using full‐sample data are unstable, which suggests that full‐sample causality tests cannot be relied upon. Then, we use a time‐varying rolling‐window approach to revisit the dynamic causal relationship, and the results show that money supply growth has both positive and negative impacts on inflation in several sub‐periods, and in turn, inflation has the same effects on money supply growth for China. These findings are basically consistent with the modern quantity theory of money from the perspective of money supply and price level. When money supply growth does not outweigh output growth, inflation should not be curbed only by decreasing money supply. It notes that a stable money supply growth is critical to price level stability and economic development in China.     

提高企业绩效的知识分类及管理研究

产品知识和流程知识是企业知识资产中的重要组成部分,对其进行分类管理是提高企业知识管理水平、进而提高企业绩效的有效途径。从提高企业绩效的角度出发,依据基于知识、产品、流程、绩效的KP3方法,将企业的知识分为产品知识和流程知识,并对产品知识和流程知识的内涵与组成作了进一步的研究。在此基础上,提出了基于知识链的产品知识和流程知识的管理过程模型。     

农村金融发展与农村经济增长——一个动态演化分析视角

农村金融发展对于农村经济增长具有重要的推动作用.运用1978-2010年的相关数据和时变参数模型估计方法,就我国农村金融发展与农村经济增长之间的动态关系进行探寻.首先,协整检验与误差修正模型的估计结果显示:无论是长期还是短期,农村金融发展规模对于农村经济增长具有正向促进作用,而农村金融中介效率却对农村经济增长起到了负向抑制作用.时变参数模型的估计结果则进一步发现:农村金融发展规模对农村经济增长的促进作用在整体上呈现弱化趋势,当前的正向作用机制比较微弱;而农村金融中介效率对农村经济增长的抑制作用经历了一个先减弱后增强的“倒V”型变化过程.