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161.
This study was undertaken to investigate the inclusion of a kosher claim in an advertisement for a familiar and unfamiliar
brand of breakfast cereal. Results showed that, as hypothesized, for the familiar brand a kosher third party endorsement led
to significantly more kosher attribute-related thoughts, more favorable product attitude and greater purchase intention. For
the unfamiliar brand, no significant impact upon these dependent measures was observed given a kosher endorsement. Findings
are interpreted from a cognitive perspective regarding the salience of the kosher attribute in a product familiarity context.
Managerial implications are discussed. 相似文献
162.
This paper models the demand for stockbrokers' services in Australia, consisting of two related services, agency trades and principal trades. The relationship between agency and principal trades is estimated. The results indicate that the two services are complements rather than substitutes. Using unique accounting information, a model of agency and principal trading activities is estimated to determine the welfare effects of (i) deregulating brokerage commissions and (ii) a ban on principal trading by brokers. The results show a sizeable welfare gain to investors (amounting to about 60% of the gross revenue of brokers) stemming from deregulation of the minimum charge for agency trades. The loss in profitability by brokers due to deregulation is also computed and shown to be negligible. The results also show that due to complementarity, a ban on principal trading, even with deregulation of agency trading, can impose an arbitrarily high cost on investors which could, in principle, offset the gains from agency deregulation. 相似文献
163.
We provide specific qualifications in order that Kuhn–Tucker type Euler equations and transversality conditions at infinity
hold in stochastic equilibrium models with heterogeneous agents and where assets are traded in sequential markets. It is not
assumed that uncertainty is modeled as an event-tree structure or that preferences are necessarily bounded. We also describe
an important class of preferences based on bounded relative risk aversion which yields relevant simplifications. Our results
are used to establish conditions that rule out asset pricing bubbles. Specific examples of economies with bubbles are also
discussed.
Received: 28 January 2002 / Accepted: 19 July 2002
We are grateful to the editor and an anonymous referee for their valuable comments. This research was partially supported
by MURST (Italy), National Group on “Nonlinear Dynamics and Stochastic Models in Economics and Finance”. 相似文献
164.
We examine developing countries which have institutional quality ratings for the effects of exchange rate rigidity on inflation.
The level of institutional development exerts no effect on the impact of currency regimes. However, the interaction of institutional
quality and exchange rates has, in the most plausible specifications, a negative impact on inflation. This suggests that fixed
exchange rates exert at most a contingent effect on inflation, and indicates that countries in Eastern Europe and Latin America contemplating currency pegs would be
better off improving institutional quality prior to adopting the euro or dollar and expecting a large subsequent disinflationary
effect.
JEL no. F31, O11 相似文献
165.
166.
167.
168.
Richard P. O’Neill Emily Bartholomew Fisher Benjamin F. Hobbs Ross Baldick 《Journal of Regulatory Economics》2008,34(3):220-250
The general design for the real-time electricity market presented in this paper optimizes and prices both real and reactive
power simultaneously in an AC setting, where all assets—generation, load and transmission—are allowed to bid and are financially
settled at the locational price times energy consumed or produced. The result is that transmission lines are compensated for
both capacity and admittance, providing incentives for efficient operation of transmission-related assets such as FACTS devices,
if price-taking behavior is assumed. Losses are incorporated into the design and become an operating cost for transmission.
The market design is shown to be revenue neutral and, under some assumptions, nonconfiscatory.
相似文献
169.
Michael Smart 《International Tax and Public Finance》2002,9(2):143-155
This paper provides a new framework for evaluating the welfare effects of commodity tax reforms. It is shown that tax reforms are welfare improving if and only if they satisfy the following intuitive property: on average, consumer prices fall for commodities with high marginal excess burdens. The rule is then applied to analyze a shift from differentiated commodity taxation to direct flat-rate taxation of labour income. The welfare impact of such reforms can be decomposed into two effects: (i) the increase in welfare associated with substitution among taxed commodities, and (ii) the loss in welfare associated with substitution between commodities and leisure. On balance, a shift towards direct taxation is desirable when inter-commodity substitution effects are large relative to commodity–leisure substitution effects. The analysis allows us to reconcile the apparently conflicting results of the tax reform and optimal taxation literatures. 相似文献
170.