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991.
    
This paper aims to explore the relationship between well‐being, quality of life and holiday participation among low‐income families in the UK. There have been very studies that have examined quality of life (QOL) and subjective well‐being in relation to tourism and none that have attempted to apply measures to assess the benefits of holidays for those people who are generally excluded from participation. This is important in relation to social tourism because of the fundamental need to develop mechanisms to evaluate the impact of charitable funding for supporting low‐income families' participation in holidaymaking. This study evaluates the types of reasons given for financial assistance in applications to the Family Holiday Association including follow‐up research with a sample of successful applicants on the perceived benefits of the holiday, including questions on QOL factors. The findings are limited in scope but do indicate that increases in QOL were reported among low‐income families. The paper concludes by arguing that further research on adapted well‐being and QOL measures be applied to tourism consumption. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
992.
Social studies of risk repeatedly have found substantial divergences in the way that experts/scientists and members of the general public appraise risks associated with health and environmental hazards. However, empirical evidence for these differences remains controversial. A recent review of literature suggests in particular that divergences between experts and lay people may potentially result from confounding socio‐demographic factors. The purpose of the present article is to investigate and to compare how medical scientists and members of the general population reacted to BSE (“mad cow disease”) in France. A sample of 401 scientists belonging to the French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) and a representative sample of 902 French citizens were asked about their cognitive, affective and behavioural responses to BSE. Results show that non‐scientists tended to express much more concern about BSE‐related risk than scientists, even when socio‐demographic variables were controlled. However, (1) no significant differences were found between these two groups concerning subjective epidemiological predictions, and (2) scientists manifested greater avoidance of beef or beef by‐products avoidance following the BSE epidemic than lay respondents did. The implications of these paradoxical results are discussed.  相似文献   
993.
    
We conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the season‐average price projections for U.S. corn as published by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE), an important issue given reduced resources and increased program scrutiny within the Federal Government. This study is the first in the literature to evaluate the WASDE corn projections relative to futures adjusted forecasts throughout the forecasting cycle using a lengthy evaluation period (1980/81–2012/13). We find that WASDE projections provide lower RMSEs relative to futures adjusted forecasts for 9 of the 16 forecast periods, 4 of which are statistically different. Encompassing tests show that WASDE projections often provide incremental information not present in the futures adjusted forecasts. Composite forecasts based on futures adjusted forecasts and WASDE projections reduced the RMSEs over all forecast periods by an average 12–16%. Favorable average trading profits may be generated for some forecast months using WASDE projections. Overall, our results suggest that WASDE projections of the U.S. corn season‐average price provide useful information to the market and could enhance the efficiency of the agricultural sector.  相似文献   
994.
    
A review of research from organizational behaviour supported the guidelines by corporate planners: that is, use an explicit approach for setting objectives, generating strategies, evaluating strategies, monitoring results, and obtaining commitment. To determine whether these findings could be applied to strategic decision making in organizations, a review was made of all published field research on the evaluation of formal planning. Formal planning was superior in 10 of the 15 comparisons drawn from 12 studies, while informal planning was superior in only two comparisons. Although this research did not provide sufficient information on the use of various aspects of the planning process, mild support was provided for having participation by stakeholders. Formal planning tended to be more useful where large changes were involved, but, beyond that, little information was available to suggest when formal planning is most valuable. Future research should assess the formal planning process, the situation in which it is used, and its effects on the total system.  相似文献   
995.
996.
We give a condition under which the componentwise stochastic integration with respect to a given R d -valued continuous local martingale coincides with the more general vector stochastic integration defined by Jacod (1979). We then provide a result on the equivalence between the vector and the component completeness of a financial market in a special case.  相似文献   
997.
This note examines whether listing on a major exchange raises the value of warrants. Such an increase is plausible, given the generally small size of warrant issues and the enhanced liquidity that organized trading can provide. Using Black-Scholes pricing techniques, the study concludes that listing has a positive and substantial impact on the per unit price of seasoned warrant issues. Moreover, the tests indicate that the impact is so consistently large for small warrant issues that firms should consider listing these securities at the time of issuance.  相似文献   
998.
999.
Repid changes in scientific publication practices are occurring. Recent growth rates of electronic journals and electronic publications in science suggest that the traditional paper and print journal may be obsolete within 15 years. These changes are occurring as a result of the social intellectual choices being made by scientists. A push for more timely, accessible and affordable sources of scientific information is creating a vacuum that is being fulled by the new information technologies of the Internet. The consequences and implications of this new paradigm of publication for the organization, collaboration and participation of scientists is dicussed.  相似文献   
1000.
This article presents the results of a survey conducted in 108 firms in the French sports industry. The inquiry was based on three main themes: research & development, innovation and adoption of new materials. The study has shown a link between the product's life cycle and the structure of the industry. In fact the various levels of achievements reached by sports products have generated various structures among the sectors already mentioned. Slightly declining sectors, like skiing or yachting, are rather concentrated and tend to focus on process innovations. Fast expanding sectors, like snowboard, mountain bike and cycling, are rather atomized and innovate much more on new product and materials.  相似文献   
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