高技术企业知识体系概念框架及其内部互动模型——一个解释知识创新过程的新框架

企业知识是组织内部个人知识的集合体 ,但不是个人知识的简单加总。基于这个认识 ,本文构建了一个由知识员工、知识链和知识场构成的点、线、面互动的企业知识体系研究框架。高技术企业是追求持续知识创新的知识体系 ,知识创新通过知识点之间的互动完成 ,如同电荷之间的运动通过电场来进行 ,知识点通过知识场发生相互作用。本文提出了知识场的概念 ,分析了其与Nonaka的“巴”的区别与联系 ,并对其进行了分类。进一步的 ,根据高技术企业知识体系运行的基本路径 ,文章分别研究了体系内知识点通过知识场进行互动的基本模式与作用机制。文章试图提出一个能够解释知识创新过程的新框架。     

Timeless perspective versus discretionary policymaking when the degree of inflation persistence is unknown

One major strand in optimal monetary policy analysis considers the robustness of alternative policies under model uncertainty. Another has focused on the appropriate perspective for optimal monetary policy, namely discretion or the timeless perspective (TP). The paper bridges these two parallel lines of research by assessing the welfare consequences of both policy perspectives in the presence of misperceptions about the degree of intrinsic inflation persistence. Contrary to most standard results, discretion can be the more robust perspective, the reason being that the TP exploits the expectations channel. With misperceptions this leads to large deteriorations in welfare.     

Mixed Duopoly,Merger and Multiproduct Firms

The literature on mergers has extensively analyzed the decision to merge by private firms, but it has not considered the decision to merge by private and public firms. We assume that when a private firm and a public firm merge (or when one of them acquires the other), they set up a multiproduct firm in which the government owns an exogenous percentage stake. In this framework, we show that the decision to merge by firms depends on the degree to which goods are substitutes and on the percentage of the shares owned by the government in the multiproduct firm.     

旅游地文化空间及其演化机理

旅游活动的文化属性决定了旅游地本质上是为旅游者提供一个文化空间。从旅游地文化的空间研究转向空间的文化研究,并厘清旅游地文化空间的内涵及其演化机理,寻求旅游地的文化发展规律,有助于解决旅游规划与开发中"造文化、造景观"的困境。基于空间生产和景观生态学原理,以及旅游地文化空间的活态性,旅游地文化空间的时间和功能演化是由原居民的生产与生活空间演变为服务于旅游发展的生产与生活空间的过程。旅游地文化空间在形态上,则表现为文化节点、文化轴线、文化场、文化域面等基本空间形态的形成与演化。文化场作为最为重要的空间形态,它是旅游地进行生产、生活与服务的真实场景,体现了人与旅游景观的社会文化关系。     

湘西民族地区旅游人力资源开发研究

旅游人力资源的开发是旅游业快速发展的根本动力,做好旅游人力资源的开发对区域经济起飞有着重要意义。本文在分析湘西民族地区旅游业人力资源开发的现状及存在问题的基础上,提出了湘西民族地区旅游人力资源的开发对策。     

Learning by doing,spillovers and shakeouts

This paper studies industry evolution driven by non strategic learning by doing and spillovers. We characterize a dynamic process of cost and output changes and its effect on welfare and industry profits. The paper gives conditions for shakeouts to occur and analyzes the key factors affecting these conditions. Since shakeouts could lead to a long-run social loss due to higher market concentration, there is a role for a government to play in limiting unnecessary shakeouts. The most effective way to do so is to enhance spillovers.JEL Classification: L11, L13, O31Correspondence to: Michael TroegeWe would like to thank Hans Mewis, Christophe Moussu and an anonymous referee for valuable comments and suggestions. We also benefited from comments of seminar participants at WZB, Humboldt University, Northwestern University and the EEA/ESEM 1999 meetings. Part of the research was carried out while Michael Tröge was visiting Northwestern University. Financial support by the German Research Council (DFG) is gratefully acknowledged.     

鄂西生态文化旅游圈生态竞争力分析

鄂西生态文化旅游圈旅游业的发展对整个湖北省的旅游业具有重大意义。圈内拥有着富饶的生态资源和文化资源,对鄂西生态文化旅游圈的生态价值、生态潜能,以及所蕴藏的旅游价值进行了分析评价,并就提升竞争力提出了建议与对策。     

Local banking and local economic growth in Italy: some panel evidence

This article provides new evidence on the contribution of local banking to local economic growth (i.e. at county level – the Italian ‘province’) in Italy. A comprehensive data set is used, which includes control variables for social capital and human capital as well as indicators of the quality of local infrastructures and the production structure of the local economy. A linear within-estimator technique with fixed effects is applied to a modified version of the so-called Barro regression in order to address the well-known econometric issues of reverse causality and estimation bias resulting from unobserved district-specific influences.     

新常态下产业政策转型研究

当前,我国经济正处于转型升级的关键时期。战略性新兴产业具有明显的技术进步特征,符合经济新常态下的增长动力转换要求。针对厂商的直接补贴和针对消费者的间接补贴是政府扶持新兴产业的主要政策工具,因而被广泛应用。基于实物期权理论构建了供给端与需求端补贴下企业投资决策模型,比较了两种政策工具对新兴产业发展的影响,并利用数值模拟方法讨论了不同补贴方式的政策效果。研究发现：政府应根据产业发展阶段和市场现状组合使用这两种补贴方式。当产业处于初创期时,政府可以直接对投资行为进行补贴,以促进新兴产业快速发展;当产业发展至成熟阶段,产能可能出现过剩时,政府应适当减少甚至取消对投资者的直接补贴,提高研发补贴比例,增加企业有效供给;同时,加大对消费者的补贴力度,在提高消费者福利水平的基础上,扩大新兴市场产品需求。研究成果对于缓解目前我国供需结构不均衡的局面具有借鉴意义。     

Does the Connectivity of the Belt and Road Initiative Contribute to the Economic Growth of the Belt and Road Countries?

ABSTRACT

Since the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been implemented for five years, it is time to ask whether the BRI contributes to Belt and Road (BR) countries’ economic growth, and how are the five elements of connectivity implemented between China and its partner countries since the BRI was proposed. This study focuses on the development of the five elements of connectivity between China and the BR countries from 2008 to 2017 using a comprehensive connectivity index extracted from principle component analysis, and then investigating if the connectivity has contributed to the economic growth of the BR countries with quantitative analysis of the fixed effect econometrical model. It is found that Russia, South Korea, and Singapore presented the top three levels of connectivity with China with regard to the overall connectivity index, varying from 1.4 to 2.4. Madagascar and Panama have the lowest level of connectivity with China, with values of ?0.8 to ?1.1. The result of the fixed effect model shows that the connectivity of the BR countries with China contributes to their economic growth. This provides quantitative evidence that the connectivity between BR countries and China has a significant influence on the economic growth of those countries.