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101.
Niels van Quaquebeke Rudolf Kerschreiter Alice E. Buxton Rolf van Dick 《Journal of Business Ethics》2010,93(2):293-305
Ideals (or ideal values) help people to navigate in social life. They indicate at a very fundamental level what people are
concerned about, what they strive for, and what they want to be affiliated with. Transferring this to a leader–follower analysis,
our first study (n = 306) confirms that followers’ identification and satisfaction with their leaders are stronger, the more leaders match followers’
ideal leader values. Study 2 (n = 244) extends the perspective by introducing the novel concept of counter-ideals (i.e., how an ideal leader should not be) as a second, non-redundant point of reference. Results confirm that a leader’s match on ideal and on counter-ideal values have independent effects in that both explain unique variance in followers’ identification and satisfaction
with their leader. Study 3 (n = 136) replicates the previous results in an experimental scenario study and provides evidence for the proposed causal direction
of the underlying process. We conclude that counter-ideal values might be an additional point of reference that people use
to triangulate targets above and beyond ideal values and discuss the implications of our findings for value research and management. 相似文献
102.
Sebastian C. Schuh Niels Van Quaquebeke Natalija Keck Anja S. Göritz David De Cremer Katherine R. Xin 《Journal of Business Ethics》2018,149(4):987-1003
Research on value congruence rests on the assumption that values denote desirable behaviors and ideals that employees and organizations strive to approach. In the present study, we develop and test the argument that a more complete understanding of value congruence can be achieved by considering a second type of congruence based on employees’ and organizations’ counter-ideal values (i.e., what both seek to avoid). We examined this proposition in a time-lagged study of 672 employees from various occupational and organizational backgrounds. We used difference scores as well as polynomial regression and response surface analyses to test our hypotheses. Consistent with our hypotheses, results reveal that counter-ideal value congruence has unique relations to employees’ trust in the organization that go beyond the effects of ideal value congruence. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of this expanded perspective on value congruence. 相似文献
103.
Institutions have a decisive impact on the prevalence and nature of entrepreneurship. To date, the impact of institutions on (productive) entrepreneurship and the effects of entrepreneurship on economic growth have largely been investigated in isolation. In this paper, we bring together institutions, entrepreneurship, and economic growth using a parsimonious growth model in a 3SLS specification. In our first stage, we regress multiple measures of entrepreneurial activity on institutional proxies that are known to correlate with more productive forms of entrepreneurial activity. Using the fitted values of this first-stage regression as our proxy for productive entrepreneurship, we can then estimate a panel growth regression following Islam (1995) in a second stage. The third stage then optimizes the estimation of the two equations simultaneously. Our results show that productive entrepreneurship contributes to economic growth. In our set of proxies for institutional quality, financial stability, small government, and perceived start-up skills are the most important predictors of such productive entrepreneurship. 相似文献
104.
Reggy Hooghiemstra Niels Hermes Lars Oxelheim Trond Randøy 《International Business Review》2019,28(1):119-134
The internationalization of firms has led to boards becoming more international as well. In this study, we investigate the consequences of board internationalization. In particular, by drawing on research on language and board dynamics, we identify theory-based reasons why board internationalization could increase, or decrease, earnings management practices. We use agency theory, stressing how board internationalization may positively or negatively affect monitoring quality of boards. Next to agency theory, we use theories explaining how language differences in the boardroom complicates communication and how differences in language structures (referred to as linguistic relativity in the literature) affect directors’ perception and detection of earnings management practices. Using a sample of 3249 firm-year observations representing 586 non-financial listed Nordic firms during 2001–2008, we find that the presence of non-Nordic foreign directors on the board is associated with significantly higher levels of earnings management. Our analysis indicates that this effect is driven by language-related factors, as well as by the level of foreign board members’ accounting knowledge. 相似文献
105.
Why does one person actually succeed in starting a business, while a second person gives up? In order to answer this question, a sample of 517 nascent entrepreneurs (people in the process of setting up a business) was followed over a 3-year period. After this period, it was established that 195 efforts were successful and that 115 start up efforts were abandoned. Our research focuses on estimating the relative importance of a variety of approaches and variables in explaining pre-start-up success. These influences are organized in terms of Gartner’s (1985) framework of new venture creation. This framework suggests that start-up efforts differ in terms of the characteristics of the individual(s) who start the venture, the organization that they create, the environment surrounding the new venture, and the process by which the new venture is started. Logistic regression analyses are run for the sample as a whole as well as for subgroups within the sample, namely for those with high ambition versus low ambition and for those with substantial versus limited experience. The results point to the importance of perceived risk of the market as a predictor of getting started versus abandoning the start up effort. 相似文献
106.
107.
Jens Kjærsgaard Niels Vestergaard Kristiaan Kerstens 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2009,43(4):573-590
The cod stock in the North Sea is threatened by overexploitation. To recover this fishing stock, pressure needs to be reduced.
This implies that catch compositions with small amounts of cod are preferred by public policy makers. The present analysis
assesses the technological efficiency of fishing trips in terms of the substitution possibilities away from cod by considering
landings of cod as an undesirable output. A conservative non-parametric frontier technology approach imposing minimal assumptions
and based on directional distance functions is applied to explore alternative fishing activities for Danish gill netters operating
in the North Sea with the goal of reducing cod catches. Since performance on different fishing trips may be influenced by
the operating environment, a four-stage approach is applied to correct for exogenous factors (Fried et al., J Product Anal
12(3):249–267, 1999). The corrected directional distance function efficiency scores reveal the behavioural inefficiencies,
i.e., prospects for decreasing the catch of cod while catch of other species are increased.
相似文献
108.
Two large online surveys were conducted among employees in Germany to explore the importance employees and organizations place
on aspects of interpersonal respect in relation to other work values. The first study (n = 589) extracted a general ranking of work values, showing that employees rate issues of respect involving supervisors particularly
high. The second study (n = 318) replicated the previous value ranking. Additionally, it is shown that the value priorities indicated by employees
do not always match their perceptions of actual organizational practices. Particularly, interpersonal respect issues that
involve employees’ supervisors diverge strongly negative. Consequences and potentials for change in organizations are discussed. 相似文献
109.
The Post‐Privatization Role of Out‐growers' Associations in Rural Capital Accumulation: Contract Farming of Sugar Cane in Kilombero,Tanzania
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Contract farming is widely promoted by multilateral agencies as an engine of economic growth in developing countries. The agencies often stress the need for governments to create strong farmers' organizations that can shoulder the risks associated with contractual relationships with large corporations. However, empirical studies of farmers' organizations in contractual schemes are few and tend to dismiss the performances of these organizations for not measuring up to donor expectations. This paper seeks to offer a more unbiased examination of what farmer's organizations actually do by recounting the development of out‐growers' associations in a contract farming scheme in central Tanzania. The paper explores the new space for social organization and business operations which emerged after privatization in 1998. It is argued that under certain conditions, out‐grower associations occupy a crucial position with regard to classic agrarian questions of land, labour and capital accumulation. 相似文献
110.
Buying services in a triad constellation is associated with challenges related to quality control, performance monitoring, and a deteriorating information position for the buyer. There is growing attention for service triads in Supply Chain Management (SCM) literature. However, these studies are mainly theoretical. The studies suggest to manage the identified challenges by monitoring supplier performance, maintaining a strong position in the service triad, developing collaborative trusting relationships, using outcome-based contracts, and aligning incentives between buyer and suppliers. Empirical studies on service triads and management mechanisms are rare, especially in a public procurement context. We study the application of management mechanisms in a public procurement context where 393 Dutch municipalities each had to contract social care service providers at the same time. This context allows us to study which of the management mechanisms proposed in literature are actually employed in a public procurement context, and whether other mechanisms are applied that are not addressed in the literature. We find municipalities deviate from traditional bureaucratic procurement procedures and apply a relational approach to the procurement procedure, including establishing social contracts, to cope with buyer challenges in service triads. Furthermore we identify municipalities apply ex post competition to drive up service quality through tendering framework agreements and allowing clients to choose their care provider of choice. This mechanism of ex post competition through the use of framework agreements has not been suggested in service triad literature before, and may be an effective mechanism in other service triads to address service quality and customer needs fulfilment issues. 相似文献