非国有大股东与国有企业债务融资成本

选取2007—2018年沪深A股国有上市企业为研究样本，结合混合所有制改革的制度背景，基于信息不对称理论，考察非国有大股东参股对国有企业债务融资成本的影响。研究发现：引入非国有大股东可以显著降低国有企业债务融资成本，并且非国有大股东持股比例越高，这一效应越显著。作用机制检验结果显示，非国有大股东通过降低可操纵性应计盈余，改善会计信息质量的路径，有效缓解了借贷双方的信息不对称，进而降低了国有企业债务融资成本。进一步分析表明，当外部信息环境越好、企业自身违约风险越低时，非国有大股东持股降低国有企业债务融资成本的效果越显著；非国有大股东降低债务融资成本作用的有效发挥依赖于一定的前提条件，主要包括国有股东占相对控股地位、非国有大股东委派代表积极参与治理以及非国有大股东为民营股东。     

Can Security Design Foster Household Risk-Taking?

This paper shows that securities with nonlinear payoff designs can foster household risk-taking. We demonstrate this effect by exploiting the introduction of capital guarantee products in Sweden between 2002 and 2007. Their fast and broad adoption is associated with an increase in expected financial portfolio returns. The effect is especially strong for households with low-risk appetite ex ante. These empirical facts are consistent with a life-cycle model in which households have pessimistic beliefs or preferences combining loss aversion and narrow framing. Our results illustrate how security design can mitigate behavioral biases to increase mean household portfolio returns.     

Selling Fast and Buying Slow: Heuristics and Trading Performance of Institutional Investors

Are market experts prone to heuristics, and do these heuristics transfer across buying and selling domains? We investigate this question using a unique data set of institutional investors with portfolios averaging $573 million. A striking finding emerges: While there is evidence of skill in buying, selling decisions underperform substantially, even relative to random-selling strategies. This holds despite the similarity between the two decisions in frequency, substance, and consequences for performance. Evidence suggests an asymmetric allocation of cognitive resources such as attention can explain the discrepancy: We document a systematic, costly heuristic process for selling but not for buying.