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961.
This paper examines whether the CPI and real GDP for the US exhibit nonlinear reversion to trend as recently concluded by Beechey and Österholm [Beechey, M. and Österholm, P., 2008. Revisiting the uncertain unit root in GDP and CPI: testing for nonlinear trend reversion. Economics Letters 100, 221-223]. The wild bootstrap is used to correct for non-normality and heteroscedasticity in a nonlinear unit root test. The use of ‘wild bootstrapped’ critical values affects test conclusions in some cases. Results also are sensitive to the sample period examined. 相似文献
962.
In the nonparametric measurement of allocative efficiency, output prices are fixed. If prices are endogenous, the overall output in the market determines the allocative efficient point. We develop an alternative semi-nonparametric model that allows prices to be endogenously determined. 相似文献
963.
Paul van den Noord 《Empirica》2011,38(1):19-51
The fiscal cost of the financial and economic crisis in Europe is huge. The paper provides provisional estimates of this cost
and looks at its implications for the sustainability of public finances, taking into account also the impact of aging populations.
The historical experience suggests that economic growth is persistently lowered in the aftermath of financial crisis, making
fiscal consolidation more difficult yet all the more essential. Meanwhile the timing of the exit from fiscal stimulus and
subsequent fiscal consolidation must reconcile sustainability and stabilisation goals—a delicate balancing act. The paper
will argue in favour of structural reform to boost the economic growth potential alongside fiscal consolidation. The fiscal
coordination framework in the EU, together with the Europe 2020 strategy, is seen to underpin this approach. 相似文献
964.
Fritz Breuss 《Empirica》2011,38(1):131-152
Inspired by Dornbusch’s model of exchange rate overshooting we develop a theory of stock market behaviour and its impact on
the real economy. The idea is that stock market prices overshoot and undershoot their long-run equilibrium values which are
determined by the development in the real economy. The overshooting is triggered primarily by a loose monetary policy. With
our model we explain the genesis of the global financial crisis (GFC) 2008/2009 primarily as the result of a loose monetary
policy in the USA. Following the overshooting and crash in the stock market the real economy dropped into a recession. After
modelling the interaction of three markets with different speed of adjustment—money, stocks and goods—for a closed economy
we expand it to an open economy and lastly study the spillovers of a financial market crisis between countries (from a large
to a small country) by introducing the transmission channels of external trade or cross-border financial transactions. A long-lasting
monetary easing as exhibiting by the Fed and the ECB since 2007 and 2008, respectively could—according to our model—generate
another boom-bust cycle. 相似文献
965.
Andrew T. Young 《The Review of Austrian Economics》2011,24(1):19-28
Murphy et al. (2009) criticize Young’s (2005) test of Austrian business cycle theory (ABCT) using US industry-level quarterly job reallocation data and the federal funds
rate as a monetary policy indicator. I argue that not only are Murphy et al.’s specific criticisms misguided; more importantly,
they all but completely rule out the type of empirical study that Young (2005) advocates: specifically, one that (1) is quantitative and distinguishes between statistical and economic significance and
(2) attempts to exploit a hypothesis that is both a prediction of ABCT and not a prediction of competing monetary theories of the cycle. I argue that empirical studies embodying (1) and (2) are critical
to ABCT as a research program. Furthermore, I review the existing econometric studies of ABCT from the last 10 years and conclude
that there is much room for improvement along these lines. 相似文献
966.
Robert F. GarnettJr. 《The Review of Austrian Economics》2011,24(1):71-76
Peter Boettke (2007) argues that economists need not act pluralistically in order for pluralism to thrive in the marketplace of economic ideas.
From a market process perspective, Boettke sees intellectual diversity and openness as catallactic outputs, not inputs—emergent
by-products of academic specialization and trade. To expect individual scholars to behave in a pluralistic manner is unnecessary
and “completely inappropriate” since it detracts from their central task: “to commit themselves to an approach and pursue
it doggedly, even in the face of great doubt and resistance by one’s peers” (Boettke 2007). This paper proposes a Smithian revision of Boettke’s position. The author argues that scholarly pluralism is best understood
as a constitutional rule of academic life—a virtue ethic that promotes learning and intellectual freedom by mitigating tyranny
and autarky in the republic of science. Drawing from the writings of Adam Smith, Friedrich Hayek, Deirdre McCloskey, Bruce
Caldwell, James Buchanan, Don Lavoie, and Boettke himself, the author argues that scholarly pluralism has been, and continues
to be, a necessary condition for the flourishing of Austrian economists as free, responsible, efficacious thinkers. 相似文献
967.
The aim of this paper is to critically reexamine Ludwig Mises’ attempt to separate the psychological aspects of understanding
(thymology) from the “science of action” (praxeology). There are, we contend, legitimate distinctions between theory, on the
one hand, and, on the other, psychology or history. But, there is no need to dichotomize them from one another in the way
Mises sometimes did. 相似文献
968.
In the contract-theoretic literature, there is a vital debate about whether contracts can mitigate the hold-up problem, in particular when renegotiation cannot be prevented. Ultimately, this question has to be answered empirically. As a first step, we have conducted a laboratory experiment with 960 participants. We consider investments that directly benefit the non-investing party. While according to standard theory, contracting would be useless if renegotiation cannot be ruled out, we find that option contracts significantly improve investment incentives compared to a no-contract treatment. This finding might be attributed to Hart and Moore?s (2008) recent idea that contracts can serve as reference points. 相似文献
969.
We consider the problem of dividing a resource among a group of agents who have conflicting claims on it. We follow the axiomatic
approach and investigate the class of rules satisfying claims-inequality and claims-order preservation in gains and losses.
We show that these axioms single out the proportional rule when there are more than three agents. This result confirms the
central role of this rule and furthers our understanding of it in claims problems. 相似文献
970.
This paper considers the object allocation problem introduced by Shapley and Scarf (J Math Econ 1:23–37, 1974). We study secure
implementation (Saijo et al. in Theor Econ 2:203–229, 2007), that is, double implementation in dominant strategy and Nash
equilibria. We prove that (1) an individually rational solution is securely implementable if and only if it is the no-trade solution, (2) a neutral solution is securely implementable if and only if it is a serial dictatorship, and (3) an efficient solution is securely implementable if and only if it is a sequential dictatorship. Furthermore, we provide a complete characterization
of securely implementable solutions in the two-agent case: a solution is securely implementable if and only if it is either
a constant solution or a serial dictatorship. 相似文献