全文获取类型
收费全文 | 46237篇 |
免费 | 617篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 8169篇 |
工业经济 | 2930篇 |
计划管理 | 7149篇 |
经济学 | 10359篇 |
综合类 | 847篇 |
运输经济 | 258篇 |
旅游经济 | 543篇 |
贸易经济 | 8940篇 |
农业经济 | 1498篇 |
经济概况 | 5473篇 |
信息产业经济 | 45篇 |
邮电经济 | 644篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 173篇 |
2020年 | 319篇 |
2019年 | 509篇 |
2018年 | 2848篇 |
2017年 | 2633篇 |
2016年 | 1832篇 |
2015年 | 477篇 |
2014年 | 777篇 |
2013年 | 3168篇 |
2012年 | 1360篇 |
2011年 | 2894篇 |
2010年 | 2599篇 |
2009年 | 2424篇 |
2008年 | 2370篇 |
2007年 | 2612篇 |
2006年 | 824篇 |
2005年 | 1032篇 |
2004年 | 1135篇 |
2003年 | 1203篇 |
2002年 | 907篇 |
2001年 | 643篇 |
2000年 | 650篇 |
1999年 | 571篇 |
1998年 | 542篇 |
1997年 | 541篇 |
1996年 | 548篇 |
1995年 | 449篇 |
1994年 | 470篇 |
1993年 | 497篇 |
1992年 | 493篇 |
1991年 | 479篇 |
1990年 | 406篇 |
1989年 | 367篇 |
1988年 | 356篇 |
1987年 | 352篇 |
1986年 | 383篇 |
1985年 | 560篇 |
1984年 | 521篇 |
1983年 | 468篇 |
1982年 | 441篇 |
1981年 | 405篇 |
1980年 | 460篇 |
1979年 | 378篇 |
1978年 | 318篇 |
1977年 | 291篇 |
1976年 | 238篇 |
1975年 | 272篇 |
1974年 | 217篇 |
1973年 | 220篇 |
1972年 | 155篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
101.
Using Turkish industry-level data from 1983 to 1990, we find that politically organized industries receive both higher protection and promotion than unorganized ones. Tariff rates are decreasing (increasing) in the import-penetration ratio and the absolute value of the import-demandelasticity for organized (unorganized) industries. Subsidy rates are decreasing (increasing) in the output-supply elasticity for organized (unorganized) industries. The results are consistent with the predictions of the Grossman–Helpman model and its extension in this paper. The mix of protection and promotion is inversely related to the ratio of their respective marginal deadweight cost measures. 相似文献
102.
Backtesting Value-at-Risk: A Duration-Based Approach 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Financial risk model evaluation or backtesting is a key partof the internal model's approach to market risk management aslaid out by the Basle Committee on Banking Supervision. However,existing backtesting methods have relatively low power in realisticsmall sample settings. Our contribution is the exploration ofnew tools for backtesting based on the duration of days betweenthe violations of the Value-at-Risk. Our Monte Carlo resultsshow that in realistic situations, the new duration-based testshave considerably better power properties than the previouslysuggested tests. 相似文献
103.
UNEMPLOYMENT, HYSTERESIS AND TRANSITION 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
In this paper, we quantify the degree of persistence in the unemployment rates of transition countries using a variety of methods benchmarked against the EU. Initially, we work with the concept of linear ‘Hysteresis’ as described by the presence of unit roots in unemployment as in most empirical research on this area. Given that this is potentially a narrow definition, we also take into account the existence of structural breaks and nonlinear dynamics in unemployment. Finally, we examine whether CEECs' unemployment presents features of multiple equilibria, that is, if it remains locked into a new level whenever some structural change or sufficiently large shock occurs. Our findings show that, in general, we can reject the unit‐root hypothesis after controlling for structural changes and business‐cycle effects, but we can observe the presence of a high and low unemployment equilibria. The speed of adjustment is faster for CEECs than the EU, although CEECs tend to move more frequently between equilibria. 相似文献
104.
105.
106.
Journal of Quantitative Economics - 相似文献
107.
We examine the effects of two different types of commodity taxation, specific and ad valorem, on wages and profits. We analyze two models of wage determination, one with efficiency wage setting and one with union-firm bargaining. In the former, a (locally) revenue-neutral shift from specific to ad valorem taxation leads to an increase in both employment and wages and a reduction in profitability. In the latter, the effect on wages and profits may be reversed: predominantly ad valorem taxation raises employment but lowers wages, and under certain circumstances, the net effect is an increase in profits. 相似文献
108.
Joseph A. Russo Jr. 《International Advances in Economic Research》1997,3(4):409-422
Learning during performance of auditing tasks in the field is modeled as a change in the state of an auditor's knowledge base that results from experience during performance of a task. Several hypotheses are proposed and, along with data obtained by means of behavior observation and concurrent verbal protocols, used to interpret the problem-solving behaviors of four first-year auditors who performed an unfamiliar but audit-related task in simulated auditing environments. Significant findings of learning during performance of the experimental task are reported. While the data show that the auditor-subjects continuously encountered new learning situations throughout the task, they are inconclusive regarding learning through improved knowledge content. On the other hand, significant evidence is found that the learning that did occur was manifest by a greater availability of the auditor-subjects' knowledge. The implications of these findings in terms of the nature of audit tasks and the development of more expert-like task behavior are discussed. 相似文献
109.
James R. Barth Philip F. Bartholomew Peter J. Elmer 《Journal of Economics and Finance》1997,21(2):3-11
This paper examines the 205 insolvent thrifts that were resolved in 1988 and assesses the cost savings obtained by selling
179 of the institutions through assisted acquisitions rather than liquidating them. It is hypothesized that the cost savings
were determined by factors related both to the future viability of the acquired institution and the particulars of the deal
arranged by the Federal Home Loan Bank Board and the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation. The added value by selling
a thrift is determined primarily by the level of core deposits obtained by the acquired thrift. However, the branch structure
and purchased mortgage-servicing rights should also add franchise value to the firm. In addition to these factors, the analysis
accounts for the tax benefits and other regulator forbearances associated with the deals. Other characteristics of the deals
are also considered. It is found that core deposits, tax benefits, purchased mortgage-servicing rights, average branch size,
and type of acquirer, as well as some other factors, were significant determinants of the cost savings obtained through selling
an institution rather than liquidating it. 相似文献
110.