应计未计成本费用永远不得在税前扣除吗?

《财政部国家税务总局关于企业所得税几个具体问题的通知》(财税[1996]79号,以下简称“79号文”)规定,企业纳税年度内应计未计扣除项目,包括各类应计未计费用,应提未提折旧等(以下简称“应计未计成本费用”),不得     

应对国外反倾销的分析与思考

我国出口产品频遭国外反倾销,呈现出立案数量大、发起国家多、涉案产品广、征收税率高、连锁反应强等趋势和特点。其原因,既有我国方面的因素,也有外国方面的因素。应对国外反倾销, 应采取调整产业结构、整顿出口秩序、规范企业行为、鼓励积极应诉、加强政府交涉等政策和措施。     

全年一次性奖金的最低税负方案

《关于调整个人取得全年一次性奖金等计算征收个人所得税方法问题的通知》(国税发[2005]9号,以下简称“9号文”)对全年一次性奖金(以下简称“全年奖”)征收个人所得税的政策进行了调整,并取消了年薪制征收个人所得税办法。那么应当怎样安排工资奖金支出,才能使同等收入条件下个     

古井贡需要补缴亿元企业所得税吗?

继"古井贡偷税近亿,面临退市"被相关媒体披露后,财政部对安徽古井贡酒股份有限公司(以下简称"古井贡")的财务问题展开了调查,尽管调查结果尚未公布,但有证据表明2002和2003年度,古井贡分别抵减古井销售公司(古井贡的全资子公司,本文所称"销售公司"均为独立法人)应缴企业所得税3996.35万元和5925.48万元,两年的累计"偷税"金额高达9921.83万元.     

中国货币国际化的趋势预测与人民币的范式选择

货币国际化是一个动态的历史过程。通过对其历史进程的考察,可以清晰地对未来货币国际化进程加以预测。文章认为,中国的人民币国际化进程刚刚起步,但却面临与以往世界货币迥异的道路、环境和结构,迫切需要走出一条符合中国国情的货币国际化道路。     

“暴力征地”现象的产权经济学解释

文章认为国内出现的大量的"暴力征地"现象是由两个原因造成的:一个是中国土地产权的残缺,尤其是土地使用权和转让权的限制,另一个是交易费用,包括量度费用和信息费用,在此基础上推出的两个含义都得到了事实的验证。     

Exploring how and when ethical conflict impairs employee organizational commitment: A stress perspective investigation

Previous studies demonstrate the detrimental effect of ethical conflict (i.e., incompatibility between ethical values of employees and organizations) on employee organizational commitment. However, few studies have assessed the underlying mechanisms and boundary conditions that may contribute to a deeper understanding of how and when the detrimental effect manifests. Drawing on the transactional model of stress and literature on the moral self, our study examines the psychological strain as a key intermediate mechanism that channels the negative relationship between the ethical conflict and organizational commitment. Furthermore, we posit that employees with different levels of moral identity and moral efficacy may suffer differently from ethical conflict. We tested our research model with two-wave lagged data obtained from 265 healthcare employees and found that the indirect, negative effect of ethical conflict on organizational commitment via psychological strain is strongest among employees with high moral identity and low moral efficacy. Interestingly, results show that employees with low moral identity and high moral efficacy do not suffer from ethical conflict. These findings suggest that ethical conflict is differentially harmful to employees and that a more nuanced understanding of its contingent effects is needed.     

第三方支付机构的小企业融资业务发展浅析

借助第三方支付机构在银行和小企业之间的桥梁作用,可为小企业提供融资便利.本文对现有的融资模式进行了探讨,分析其积极作用和不足之处,在此基础上,对第三方支付机构以及监管部门在如何发展和保障小企业的融资业务方面提出了意见和建议.     

English Proficiency and Earnings of Foreign-Born Immigrants in the USA from 1980 to 2000: The Effect of Minority-Language Enclaves

This paper compares the importance of English proficiency (EP) on earnings among the foreign-born immigrants from 1980 to 2000 and shows its importance varied over time. The key issue examined is changes in the impact of being in a minority-language enclave and its interactions with the return to EP. Results show that the negative effects of enclaves were the greatest in 1990 and such effects were significantly stronger among those fluent English speakers. The relationship between EP and the enclave effects is explored, which confirms their strong interaction in 1990. However, the evidence of fluent speakers' large migrations from enclaves between 1990 and 2000 is not strong, as of the 24 foreign language groups, 13 showed decreases in fluency in enclaves relative to non-enclaves, while 11 showed increases in fluency in enclaves relative to non-enclaves. This may relate to non-wage benefits of living in enclaves, such as social benefits.