基于新产品开发链的门径管理研究

以新产品开发价值链为基础,通过研究门径理论在新产品开发过程中的应用,提出新产品开发门径管理的方法,为企业成功开发新产品提供有效的决策工具。     

以“四化”建设为抓手全面提升自贡烟草内部管理运行水平

2018年以来自贡烟草专卖局(公司)(文中简称为"自贡烟草")以四川省烟草专卖局(公司)提出的"标准化运行、程序化管控、信息化支撑和科学化考评"为主要建设内容,以企业内部管理运行为主要建设对象,着力解决原有内部管理运行中存在的四会权责不清、执行不力等问题,厘清四会权责边界和决策程序,实现了四会议事决策机制标准化和程序化,形成了"一月一计划一小结、一季一考核一兑现、一年一讲评一挂钩"决策执行机制,实现决策执行机制的标准化和程序化。自贡烟草通过内部管理运行闭环建设,管理水平得到根本提升,为企业高质量发展打下了坚实的基础,为自贡烟草更好履行国有企业历史使命和责任奠定了的坚实基础。     

模拟植物生长算法在组合优化问题中的应用:研究进展

首先介绍了系统文献综述方法论与操作流程,从不同维度给出了文献分类标准;然后基于行政机构和出版来源分类标准,梳理了模拟植物生长算法(PGSA)的研究现状;接着分别针对电力系统、应急管理、设施选址、斯坦纳树、车间调度和旅行商等组合优化问题,对PGSA应用的代表性研究进行了综述,重点介绍了PGSA在若干领域的应用;最后从不同视角总结了已有研究成果,并指出PGSA解决组合优化问题的未来研究方向和具体内容。     

政府2.0电子政务的国际经验及对我国的启示

政府2.0是指以公众为中心、政务公开为基础、政务服务为核心、公众参与为动力、政务整合为目标的一个新的电子政务时代.政府2.0的基本特征是:互动与互联性;定制与个性化;信任与协作性.从单向的政务信息传播,到在线的为民服务、政务办公,再到以政府2.0为代表的互动性电子政务,政府2.0的发展正逐步改变政府的工作方式和工作思路.在中国,政府2.0建设有助于推动社会管理创新,有助于提升政府内部管理能力.政府2.0构建的网络政民互动模式,有助于创新社会管理模式与方法,化解社会矛盾,听民情,解民忧.     

高校规模经济下财务风险控制初探

随着高等教育由精英化到普及化,这种规模经济带来的扩张态势,使高校财务风险日益显现。怎样识别、规避、防范以至排除风险是高校财务工作的重心。文章结合高校工作的实际情况,在分析高校财务风险现实表现上,有针对性的提出控制措施,旨在通过这种控制措施来保障高校财务工作的顺利进行,以期达到良性循环的效果。     

对现阶段中国长期护理保险产品的开发建议

卫生部调查数据显示：中国60岁以上老年人余寿中有2／3的时间带病生存,平均1／4左右的时间处于机体功能受损状态。2008年底,中国60岁以上人口总数达到1．49亿,医疗保障需求极为旺盛,然而,通过保险解决医疗费用支出的比例微乎其微。从中国现行社会保障体系的实际情况出发,结合国外长期护理领域的成熟产品以及中国老年人群的特点和护理需求,对如何做好老年人群的产品规划,促进保险产品创新,提出相应建议。     

Cost-effectiveness analysis of ramucirumab treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on sorafenib with α-fetoprotein concentrations of at least 400 ng/ml

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of ramucirumab versus placebo for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on sorafenib with α-fetoprotein concentrations (AFP) of at least 400?ng/ml in the United States.

Methods: A Markov model was constructed to assess the cost-effectiveness of ramucirumab. Health outcomes were measured as quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). With TreeAge software, the disease process was modeled as three health states: progression-free survival (PFS), progressive disease (PD), and death. Costs were extracted from the REACH-2 trial, and utility was derived from published literature. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated to compare ramucirumab with placebo. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses were developed to examine the robustness of the results.

Results: In the base case analysis, ramucirumab therapy had a cost of $55,508.41 and generated 0.54 QALYs, while placebo therapy had a cost of $761.09 and generated 0.47 QALYs, leading to an additional $54,747.32 in costs and 0.07 QALYs. The ICER was $782,104.57 per QALY, which was much higher than the willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000 per QALY. According to sensitivity analyses, the utility of PD in the two groups was the dominant parameter influencing the ICER.

Conclusion: Although ramucirumab was associated with prolonged survival for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on sorafenib treatment with an AFP of at least 400?ng/ml, it is not a cost-effective treatment from a United States payer perspective.     

Cost-effectiveness analysis of utidelone plus capecitabine for metastatic breast cancer in China

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of utidelone plus capecitabine therapy compared to capecitabine alone in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) resistant to anthracyclines and taxanes treatment in the Chinese context and provide a reference for the marketing of utidelone in China.

Methods: A Markov model was developed based on the NCT02253459 clinical trial to simulate the clinical course of patients with metastatic breast cancer who had received taxanes and anthracycline therapy. The quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) were then analyzed to evaluate the benefits. Two-parametric Weibull distribution was conducted to fit PFS and OS curves by using R. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the stability of the model designed.

Results: The addition of utidelone increased the cost and QALYs by $13,370.25 and 0.1961, respectively, resulting in an increased ICER of $68,180.78 per QALY. The most sensitive influential parameter on ICER was the price of utidelone. At the threshold of willingness-to-pay (WTP) of $24,380 (3 per capita GDP of China), the cost of utidelone per 30?mg of less than $18.5, $33.7, and greater than $48.8 resulted in a 100%, 50%, and 0% possibility of cost-effectiveness, respectively. The addition of utidelone was not cost-effective when it was $115.4 per 30?mg—the price of its analog paclitaxel. In consideration of varied economics levels across China, cost-effectiveness could be achieved with the price of utidelone ranging from $5.2 to $35.9.

Limitations: The survival curves extended beyond the follow-up time horizon, of which data were generated not from the real analyses but from our established two-parameter Weibull survival model.

Conclusion: It is recommended that the price of utidelone would be less than $18.5 per 30?mg in order to obtain cost-effectiveness for metastatic breast cancer patients resistant to anthracyclines and taxanes treatment in China.     

科技人才组织领地行为如何影响其离职意向

基于资源保存理论视角,以科技人才为研究对象,关注其组织领地行为对离职意向的影响机制,并探究心理所有权的中介作用、婚姻的调节作用以及婚姻与心理所有权共同产生的被调节的中介作用。建立基于科技人才婚姻情况与心理所有权的被调节的中介作用模型,运用问卷调查方法收集全国各地高新技术企业、高等院校、科研院所等科技人才共411份有效问卷,展开实证分析。结果表明：不考虑婚姻的调节作用时,科技人才组织领地行为对离职意向的直接影响不显著,心理所有权对这种直接影响也无中介作用;考虑到婚姻的调节作用,未婚群体的组织领地行为越强,离职意向越强烈;在被调节的中介作用模型中,婚姻状况在心理所有权对组织领地行为与离职意向间的中介作用起到了调节作用,具体表现为未婚群体组织领地行为通过组织心理所有权的部分中介作用负向影响离职意向,通过直接影响机制正向影响离职意向。     

技术创新对股权结构与企业绩效的中介效应

基于2013-2017年我国277家创业板上市制造业企业数据,采用中介效应检验方法分析股权结构、技术创新与企业绩效三者间的相互关系。结果表明：①第一大股东持股比例与技术创新、企业绩效间均呈显著正相关关系;②股权集中度与技术创新、企业绩效间均呈显著正相关关系;③在股权适度集中的基础上,股权制衡度与技术创新和企业绩效均呈显著正相关关系;④技术创新部分中介了股权结构对企业绩效的影响。研究结果有助于厘清股权结构、技术创新与企业绩效三者间的相互关系,对于我国企业自主创新能力提升及企业绩效可持续增长具有重要意义。