道歉的概念： 一些初步的思考

道歉是对悔过的有指向性的表达。指向性是指，这种表达指向的主体通常是其利益因为相关过错而实际受损害的特定或不特定的个人或群体。道歉属于行为，它的实质是表达悔过。悔过的前提是悔过者犯了错。悔过是针对自我的、内在的心理反应或态度，不是外在行为。悔过的充要条件有二，即内疚和改错。属于道歉的典型行为有： 坦白、表达抱歉、认错、承诺改过和补救。可以用教育来促动或引发悔过和道歉，但却不可以强制犯错者道歉。道歉不应该成为对犯错者的羞辱。道歉时常会促进受害人的谅解，但不请求谅解、不被谅解不影响道歉的成立和品质；道歉与谅解在概念上是相互独立的。道歉可以给惩罚者施加相应的宽宥义务。道歉是对待错误及其伤害的正确做法。法制不可以强制道歉，但应该承认和鼓励道歉，至少不要打击道歉。     

收入不平等和中国经常账户失衡问题研究

文章通过理论分析和实证分析论证了收入不平等和中国经常账户失衡的数量关 系.首先构建了收入不平等和经常账户关系的两期模型,研究表明:低收入人群的跨期消费决策受到参照群体(高消费群体)消费外部性的影响,且这种影响随着收入不平等程度的增加而增加;同时,收入不平等对经常账户的影响与金融发展程度相关.随着收入不平等程度的增加,金融发展程度越高,经常账户越容易产生赤字;当金融发展程度较低时,低收入人群获得自由借贷的范围和水平受到限制,普遍推迟当前消费,进而导致经常账户盈余.文章还基于中国1980-2012年的统计数据,采用GMM估计方法对收入不平等和经常账户的关系进行了实证研究,结果表明:收入不平等是造成中国经常账户失衡的重要影响因素;收入不平等对中国经常账户的影响还受制于中国的金融发展水平.     

The impact of mentoring quality on protégés' organization‐based self‐esteem and proactive behavior: The moderating role of traditionality

Based on self‐consistency theory, this study examined the relationship between mentoring quality as perceived by protégés and protégés' proactive behavior. It focused on the mediating role of organization‐based self‐esteem (OBSE) and the moderating role of traditionality. To examine these relationships, we administrated three‐wave surveys to 237 subordinate–supervisor dyads in a construction enterprise. The results of hierarchical linear modeling demonstrated that (a) mentoring quality and proactive behavior had a positive relationship; (b) OBSE mediated this relationship; and (c) traditionality strengthened both the relationship between mentoring quality and OBSE and the indirect effect of mentoring quality on proactive behavior via OBSE. Our findings have theoretical and practical implications for research on mentoring and proactive behavior.     

中小企业发展的地方财政政策研究

文章通过分析青海省中小企业在发展中面临的外部问题,提出了加强地方财政政策对中小企业支持力度的相关建议.     

中外合资经营企业转让定价实证研究——以山东省为例

中外合资经营企业作为跨国公司进入中国市场一种方式,其转让定价问题日益突出。通过利用2001～2005年的公开统计数据,对山东省中外合资经营工业企业的利润转移情况进行了定量分析,得出了比较科学的结论。     

Non‐profit vulnerability: An exploratory study

This mixed‐method study explores the symptoms and potential causes of non‐profit vulnerability within the Australian context. Following two focus groups with CEOs and Chairs of non‐profit organizations, an online survey was developed, pilot tested and distributed to non‐profit CEOs. Our findings suggest three symptoms that might be particularly useful in identifying non‐profit vulnerability: a substantial increase in unit costs/delivery hours; a substantial increase in the proportion of administration to program expenses; and a reduced ability to pursue the organization's mission. The results also suggest various potential causes of non‐profit vulnerability; in particular, Board inadequacies; External environmental threats; Project management issues; and Funding constraints.     

产业结构变动与林业经济增长:贡献与差异

采用多部门经济模型中基于统计角度的GDP产业结构贡献度测算方法与林业统计年鉴相关历史数据,计算得出了1997～2006年全国26个省、市、区历年林业产业结构变动对林业经济增长的贡献值(R)。在此基础之上,分析了R值的省际差异与各年的离散程度;计算了10年间产业结构变动对林业经济增长率的平均贡献率(M),同样对M值也进行了相应的空间差异分析;得出了三个重要的结论并进行了讨论。     

The Effect of Board Characteristics on a Firm＇s Strategic Change

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the characteristics of the board of directors and strategic change of a firm in the Chinese context. In this study, strategic change is defined as strategic deviation relative to industry norms and strategic variation relative to historical experiences. The size, independence and leadership structure of the board of directors are defined as the board characteristics. We then propose hypotheses on the effects of board characteristics on a firm＇s strategic change. This study takes strategic resource allocation profile as measure to calculate strategic deviation and strategic variation, and then empirically tests and verifies the hypotheses using data from Chinese publicly listed companies in the information technology industry from the year 2006 to 2010. We find that the size, independence and leadership structure of the board of directors significantly affect both strategic deviation and strategic variation. Therefore, we conclude that board characteristic affects a firm＇s strategic change. The conclusion of the study indicates that moderate reductions in the size of the board, increasing the proportion of independent directors and separating the roles of chairman and chief executive officer can facilitate promoting the process of strategic change for a firm in a dynamic environment. Through this study we re-examine the role and significance of the board of directors in strategic decision-making for a firm, and provide useful suggestions on how to form a board that can meet the needs for strategic change for a firm in a dynamic business environment.     

数字金融发展、融资约束与企业绿色创新关系研究

以2011—2019年沪深A股上市公司为样本,采用逐步回归法检验数字金融对企业绿色创新的影响。结果发现：数字金融发展能够有效促进企业绿色创新数量和质量提升,并且数字金融发展通过缓解融资约束激励企业绿色创新水平提升。异质性分析表明：在现金流较为缺乏的企业、环境管制力度较大地区,以及经济发展水平较低的中西部地区,数字金融发展对企业绿色创新的激励作用更为显著。因此,应持续加快推进数字金融发展,完善数字金融配套体系建设,实行差异化数字金融支持政策,引导和激励企业绿色创新,从而实现高质量可持续发展。     

不规则建筑结构地震反应分析与性能评估的研究

历次地震的震害经验表明,建筑结构的平面规则性对结构的抗震性能有重要影响。因此,对不规则建筑结构设计的抗震性能我们应该提出更高的要求。