Firm Efficiency Differences and Distribution in the Kenyan Manufacturing Sector

Abstract: This article provides empirical evidence on technical efficiency differences and efficiency distribution for three Kenyan manufacturing subsectors, namely food, metal and textile, using an unbalanced panel data covering two periods. Econometric production frontiers are estimated for each subsector in each period. The confidence predictions for these efficiencies were, however, found to be quite wide. The results indicate variation of technical efficiency estimates of the sampled firms in each period. The technical efficiency distribution for each subsector changed not only in relation to itself, but also in relation to the other subsectors across the two periods of analysis. The efficiency distribution of the firms for both food and textile (metal) subsectors improved (declined) during the study period but with the food subsector firms remaining relatively inefficient. The improvement of the technical efficiency distribution for both the textile and food subsectors is an indication of intra‐plant improvement during the period of analysis. The decline of the technical efficiency distribution for the metal subsector suggests that the market orientation during the structural reform period did not promote firm efficiencies or the firms were slow in responding to the reforms.     

Organizational Culture,Leadership Behaviors,and Employee Attitude in Chinese SMEs＂ Empirical Evidence

This study examines the impact of organizational culture on leadership behaviors, as well as the influence of leadership behaviors on employee attitude in Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. Based on previous researches, this study establishes a conceptual model that indicates the two types of influential relationship. Data are collected from 515 subordinates of 23 SMEs in Chengdu of Sichuan province. By using statistical methods, findings of this study are concluded. Directions for future research are also discussed.     

浅析青年旅游的安全防范与保障

旅游安全问题是影响青年旅游的一个重要方面,旅游事故的防范与旅游安全的保障对于青年旅游来说尤为重要。本文从旅游安全事故的成因入手,归纳并分析造成青年旅游安全事故的三个不同层次的因素(基础层、诱因层以及影响层),并根据这三个层次的因素提出相应的事故防范和安全保障措施,从而有效提高青年旅游的安全管理。     

State-of-the-art of Russia’s heat supply systems

The paper overviews the contemporary state of Russia’s heat supply systems and fuel consumption within its centralized part, the structure of heat consumption by economic sectors and types of industrial consumers. As shown, the centralized heat supply systems, providing the major part of country’s economy with low temperature heat, have heat losses and accident rate at a critical level. The state of decentralized heat supply systems of low rise buildings is not covered by national statistics at all. A second paper on the prospects and development of Russia’s heat supply systems will be published in a subsequent issue.     

刍议基差在期货交易中的运用与地位

本文首先通过分析不同期货品种基差的构成及基差正负所表现的市场意义揭示基差的内涵;然后根据对各种具体期货交易模式的分析归纳出对期货交易创新具有指导意义的基差原理和基差思想;最后指出,基差作为重要的分析工具,基差原理和基差思想作为重要的交易理念,在期货交易中具有重要地位。     

江苏省与周边省市旅游合作的优劣势研究

区域旅游合作已经成为国内外区域经济合作发展趋势下旅游业的必然选择。江苏省与周边省市旅游合作具有便捷的区位交通、丰富的旅游资源、庞大的客源市场等合作优势,但也具有经济发展不平衡、旅游发展不平衡、旅游整体形象缺失等劣势。基于此,本文对江苏省与周边省市旅游合作的优势和劣势进行了分析,以期进一步加强区域间的旅游合作,并促进江苏省旅游业的进一步发展。     

浅析我国环境污染责任保险面临的问题与对策

环境污染责任保险在我国推广的过程中取得了一定的成就,但同时也暴露出一些问题。本文在对存在的问题进行分析的基础上,提出了完善我国环境污染责任保险的对策,以期对我国环境污染责任保险的推广有所裨益。     

有效汇率波动对国内价格的传递效应研究

随着我国对外贸易依存度的不断提高,外需成为拉动经济增长的重要动力。人民币相对于美元升值和国内面临的通货膨胀问题受到了国内舆论和国际社会的广泛关注。那么人民币名义有效汇率的变动是否就是国内通货膨胀的主要原因呢?本文利用VAR模型对人民币名义有效汇率的价格传递效应进行了实证分析。估计结果表明,人民币名义有效汇率对进口价格和工业品出厂价格的传递率较高,而对消费者价格的传递率则相对较低,汇率对国内通货膨胀有较弱的解释力。因此本文认为,通过调节人民币名义有效汇率对解决中国的外部失衡有一定的作用,货币政策制度者应当积极关注汇率变动等外部冲击。     

全球化背景下中国人才流失的环境因素——基于全球58国的比较分析

在经济全球化背景下,发展中国家人才流失问题突出。中国同样面临着这个问题的严峻考验。本文从考察人才流失的环境角度进行分析,建立了人才环境三级指标体系并计算出生活环境指数、工作环境指数和宏观环境指数。通过建立回归方程,我们发现人才流失和环境指数有很强的相关关系,说明改善人才环境能很好解决当前人才流失问题。文章最后根据我国实际情况,给出了相关的政策建议。     

城市轨道交通开通运营阶段的溢价回收方法研究

城市轨道交通的外部性导致项目盈利困难,解决这种困难的方案之一是将轨道交通溢价返还给建设企业。然而,作为传统计算溢价大小的方法,地价函数模型缺乏时间序列分析。本文在传统土地溢价计算模型的基础上,引入时间维度,建立城市轨道交通开通运营阶段溢价的面板数据计量模型,使得溢价计算的精度得以提高。