Subliminal Embeds in Print Advertising: A Challenge to Advertisng Ethics

A sample of adult men and women was exposed to both comparison and individual brand advertisements under controlled conditions. Recall measurements were made for the brands being advertised on an immediate basis and twenty-four hours after exposure to the advertisements. Since different product classifications were promoted in the study, several implications are possible concerning the recall effectiveness of each type of advertisement and product brand.     

Industrial-Relations Practices of Japanese Multinationals and Their Subsidiaries in Canada: Are They Transferable to Canadian Firms?

This paper presents the findings of a comparative study of the industrial-relations practices of thirty Japanese parent companies and their subsidiaries in Canada. Our analysis indicates that differences in the degree of Japanese industrial-relations practices among the parent companies and their subsidiaries in Canada cannot be explained either by cultural or by structural factors. The only meaningful role of the “Japanese” factors in our findings is the high correlation of the degree of Japanese-style industrial relations with the low rates of labour turnover in the Japanese subsidiaries in Canada. As far as the transferability of Japanese industrial-relations practices to Canadian enterprises is concerned, it appears that the enterprise-union structure and the Japanese work ethic-that is, loyalty and close identification with the firm-would be unacceptable to most workers in Canada. The principles in the Japanese industrial-relations system which can be applied to the Canadian scene include better management of human resources, an extensive system of training and education for all employees, and a joint consultative mechanism based on a relationship of trust between labour and management. Résumé Ce mémoire présente les résultats d'une étude comparative traitant des méthodes de relations industrielles de trente sociétés-mères japonaises et de leurs filiales au Canada. Notre analyse indique que les différences en matière de relations industrielles entre les sociétés japonaises et leurs filiales canadiennes ne peuvent ětre expliquées par des phénomènes culturels ou structurels. Selon nos études, le seul rǒle signicatif des caractéristiques “japonaises” se retrouve dans la corrélation élevée existant entre le degré des méthodes japonaises et le faible taux de roulement dans les filiales canadiennes. Il semble cependant que l'application dans l'entreprise canadienne des pratiques de relations industrielles japonaises, entre autres, la structure syndicale et l'éthique de travail qui exigent loyauté et identification étroite avec l'entreprise, sarient inacceptables pour la plupart des travailleurs au Canada. Parmi les principes japonais qui seraient acceptés dans l'industrie canadienne, on retrouve une meilleure gestion des ressources humaines et des programmes complets d'études et de formation à l'intention de tous les employés, de měme qu'un mécanisme de consultation mutuelle fondé sur des rapports de confiance entre les employés et la direction.     

Will African Agriculture Survive Climate Change?

Measurement of the likely magnitude of the economic impact ofclimate change on African agriculture has been a challenge.Using data from a survey of more than 9,000 farmers across 11African countries, a cross-sectional approach estimates howfarm net revenues are affected by climate change compared withcurrent mean temperature. Revenues fall with warming for drylandcrops (temperature elasticity of –1.9) and livestock (–5.4),whereas revenues rise for irrigated crops (elasticity of 0.5),which are located in relatively cool parts of Africa and arebuffered by irrigation from the effects of warming. At first,warming has little net aggregate effect as the gains for irrigatedcrops offset the losses for dryland crops and livestock. Warming,however, will likely reduce dryland farm income immedia-tely.The final effects will also depend on changes in precipitation,because revenues from all farm types increase with precipitation.Because irrigated farms are less sensitive to climate, wherewater is available, irrigation is a practical adaptation toclimate change in Africa.     

Who uses robo-advising and how?

Using propriety data from a large Indian robo-advisory firm, we show that users of robo-advisory services are relatively young, predominantly male, married, small investors, and professionals. We show that the majority of small retail investors utilize a systematic investment plan (SIP). Additionally, we document that there are differences in demographic characteristics, occupation, and geographic location of investors in utilizing SIP versus one-time lump sum investments. Furthermore, we find that daily user account creation increases during periods of high market volatility.     

What drives customers toward proximity payment services? An integrated theory of planned behavior perspective

Proximity mobile payment (PMP) services facilitate mobile payments between payer and payee who are at same location thorough a proximity technology such as QR codes, Bluetooth, and near-field communication. It has potential to drastically change consumers' payment methods in developing countries where traditional finance infrastructure is lacking. However, there are various challenges to adopting PMP in such countries. This study aims to explore users' opinions on and motivations for using PMP by proposing an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) model. It also seeks to resolve inconsistencies in PMP adoption studies regarding the role of user's trust in PMP services. A survey instrument was used to collect data from PMP users in a developing country. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. This study highlights trust as a mitigator of the negative effect induced by the perceived risk of using PMP services. It also validates that the TPB, coupled with other contextual factors, explains the adoption of PMP services in developing countries.     

Meaning-oriented consumption: A systematic review and research agenda

The quest for finding meaning in life is central to human existence. Evidence supporting consumption as a source of meaning in life is scant and lies in discrete studies across multiple disciplines. We call consumption that engenders a sense of meaning in life ‘meaning-oriented consumption’. In this paper we conduct a systematic literature review of 102 papers, using the Scientific procedures and rationales for systematic literature reviews (SPAR-4-SLR) (Paul et al. (2021). International Journal of Consumer Studies, 45(4)). We draw on the theory of meaning in life to arrive at a theoretically grounded conceptualization of meaning-oriented consumption. We discuss the antecedents and consequences of meaning-oriented consumption, categories and processes that make consumption meaningful. We gather insights into the relationship between hedonic and meaning-oriented consumption. Finally, we identify knowledge gaps in theory, context, constructs and methodology. This review identifies several consumption contexts and situations that offer potential for marketers to design meaningful offerings.     

Commonality in liquidity and multilateral trading facilities

We use the introduction of two multilateral trading facilities (MTFs) to examine the impact of market fragmentation on commonality in liquidity. We find that the introduction of MTFs following the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive increases the comovement of stocks’ liquidity with MTF liquidity, while the comovement with the home market liquidity generally decreases. We also find that the higher the MTF trading volume or the number of MTFs trading a stock, the stronger the effect. Further, we find that the commonality in liquidity remains unchanged for a matched control sample of stocks that do not trade on MTFs.     

Pitching research: ‘Qualitative cousins’, the ‘extended family’ and ‘living harmoniously’

This paper reviews Faff (2018) with particular emphasis on the Qualitative Pitch proposed by Lodhia (2017). In the spirit of constructive engagement envisioned by Faff (2018), the purpose of this paper is to revisit the Qualitative Pitch and to clarify any misconceptions or misunderstandings. This paper is not a critique but rather a reflective piece on the potential offered by the Qualitative Pitch as a viable tool for pitching qualitative research ideas. The basic premise of this paper is that the Qualitative Pitch, drawing upon Faff's (2015) pitching template, provides qualitative researchers with specific tools and a consistent framework for articulating qualitative research. It is therefore proposed that the Qualitative Pitch should be the used as the initial template for designing qualitative research projects rather than being transitioned to once a threshold barrier is reached.